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五、核心素养 思维品质 任务型阅读
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。
You must know the Terracotta Army in Xi'an. It's archaeology that makes us able to see such wonderful things and know more about the Qin Dynasty. 1.
2.
One common misunderstanding(误解) is that archaeologists study dinosaurs. However, it is paleontologists(古生物学家) who do this kind of work. This is not the only common misunderstanding about archaeology. 3.
"Archaeologists care more about the stories behind the relics," said Liu Huiyun, who is studying archaeology at Peking University.
4.
As US archaeologist Paul F. Reed said, archaeology work is difficult, dirty and sometimes less exciting. 5.
A. So what's archaeology?
B. Many tools can be used to dig.
C. In other words, archaeology is a study of humans.
D. But it is meaningful as it brings light to the unknown past.
E. For example, even burned corn might be valuable to archaeologists.
F. Besides it, many people think archaeologists find beautiful relics.
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。
You must know the Terracotta Army in Xi'an. It's archaeology that makes us able to see such wonderful things and know more about the Qin Dynasty. 1.
A
It is the study of things that people made, used and left behind. We do it to understand what people in the past were like and how they lived. For example, archaeologists study tombs and cultural relics. They try to find out how ancient people made tools, why they moved around and what their customs were.2.
C
One common misunderstanding(误解) is that archaeologists study dinosaurs. However, it is paleontologists(古生物学家) who do this kind of work. This is not the only common misunderstanding about archaeology. 3.
F
"Archaeologists care more about the stories behind the relics," said Liu Huiyun, who is studying archaeology at Peking University.
4.
E
It could show us what kind of food people ate in the past.As US archaeologist Paul F. Reed said, archaeology work is difficult, dirty and sometimes less exciting. 5.
D
Also, for the country and for the whole world, archaeology makes us realize that we belong to the same group.A. So what's archaeology?
B. Many tools can be used to dig.
C. In other words, archaeology is a study of humans.
D. But it is meaningful as it brings light to the unknown past.
E. For example, even burned corn might be valuable to archaeologists.
F. Besides it, many people think archaeologists find beautiful relics.
答案
1. A 根据“It's archaeology that makes us able to see such wonderful things and know more about the Qin Dynasty.”和空后“It is the study of things that...”对考古的解释可知，空处应是询问“什么是考古”，A项“那么，什么是考古学？”符合语境。
2. C 根据“It is the study of things that people made, used and left behind. We do it to understand what people in the past were like and how they lived...”可知，这里是解释考古学，C项“换句话说，考古学是对人类的研究。”符合语境。
3. F 根据“This is not the only common misunderstanding about archaeology.”可知，空处应是列举其他对考古学的误解，F项“除此之外，许多人认为考古学家发现了美丽的遗迹。”符合语境。
4. E 根据“It could show us what kind of food people ate in the past.”可知，空处与“过去人们吃的食物”有关，E项“例如，即使是烧焦的玉米对考古学家来说也可能很有价值。”符合语境。
5. D 根据“As US archaeologist Paul F. Reed said, archaeology work is difficult, dirty and sometimes less exciting.”和“Also, for the country and for the whole world, archaeology makes us realize that we belong to the same group.”可知，此处是介绍考古工作的意义，D项“但它是有意义的，因为它为不为人知的过去带来了光明。”符合语境。
2. C 根据“It is the study of things that people made, used and left behind. We do it to understand what people in the past were like and how they lived...”可知，这里是解释考古学，C项“换句话说，考古学是对人类的研究。”符合语境。
3. F 根据“This is not the only common misunderstanding about archaeology.”可知，空处应是列举其他对考古学的误解，F项“除此之外，许多人认为考古学家发现了美丽的遗迹。”符合语境。
4. E 根据“It could show us what kind of food people ate in the past.”可知，空处与“过去人们吃的食物”有关，E项“例如，即使是烧焦的玉米对考古学家来说也可能很有价值。”符合语境。
5. D 根据“As US archaeologist Paul F. Reed said, archaeology work is difficult, dirty and sometimes less exciting.”和“Also, for the country and for the whole world, archaeology makes us realize that we belong to the same group.”可知，此处是介绍考古工作的意义，D项“但它是有意义的，因为它为不为人知的过去带来了光明。”符合语境。
解析
【分析】
本题为任务型阅读题，围绕“考古学”展开，需结合上下文的逻辑关系（如设问、定义解释、误解列举、举例论证、转折关系）选择最佳选项。解题思路：先通读全文把握主旨，再逐个分析每个空白处前后的语境，匹配对应选项，排除多余选项（本题多余选项为B，因文中未提及挖掘工具相关内容）。
【解析】
1. 空白处后是对“考古学”的定义解释，故此处应是引出“什么是考古学”的设问，对应选项A。
2. 空白处前阐述考古学的研究对象和目的，选项C“换句话说，考古学是对人类的研究”是对前文的总结，符合语境。
3. 空白处前提到“这不是唯一的常见误解”，故此处需列举另一种误解，对应选项F。
4. 空白处后提到“能展示过去人们吃的食物”，选项E“例如，即使是烧焦的玉米对考古学家来说也可能很有价值”与食物相关，符合语境。
5. 空白处前说明考古工作的不足（难、脏、不令人兴奋），后转折说明其意义，选项D“但它是有意义的，因为它为不为人知的过去带来了光明”承接转折，符合语境。
【答案】
1. A 2. C 3. F 4. E 5. D
【知识点】
任务型阅读、语篇逻辑推理、说明文阅读
【点评】
本题聚焦历史考古主题，考查学生对语篇上下文逻辑关系的理解与运用，需结合设问、举例、转折等线索解题，难度适中，注重思维品质的考查，符合核心素养要求。
【难度系数】
0.6
本题为任务型阅读题，围绕“考古学”展开，需结合上下文的逻辑关系（如设问、定义解释、误解列举、举例论证、转折关系）选择最佳选项。解题思路：先通读全文把握主旨，再逐个分析每个空白处前后的语境，匹配对应选项，排除多余选项（本题多余选项为B，因文中未提及挖掘工具相关内容）。
【解析】
1. 空白处后是对“考古学”的定义解释，故此处应是引出“什么是考古学”的设问，对应选项A。
2. 空白处前阐述考古学的研究对象和目的，选项C“换句话说，考古学是对人类的研究”是对前文的总结，符合语境。
3. 空白处前提到“这不是唯一的常见误解”，故此处需列举另一种误解，对应选项F。
4. 空白处后提到“能展示过去人们吃的食物”，选项E“例如，即使是烧焦的玉米对考古学家来说也可能很有价值”与食物相关，符合语境。
5. 空白处前说明考古工作的不足（难、脏、不令人兴奋），后转折说明其意义，选项D“但它是有意义的，因为它为不为人知的过去带来了光明”承接转折，符合语境。
【答案】
1. A 2. C 3. F 4. E 5. D
【知识点】
任务型阅读、语篇逻辑推理、说明文阅读
【点评】
本题聚焦历史考古主题，考查学生对语篇上下文逻辑关系的理解与运用，需结合设问、举例、转折等线索解题，难度适中，注重思维品质的考查，符合核心素养要求。
【难度系数】
0.6
