一、完形填空 如何处理废水
素养:思维品质 难度:中 用时:8分钟
March 22 is World Water Day. It started in 1993. It not only makes us think about the importance of water, but also calls on us to and protect water. Today, we're facing terrible water problems. Among them, the wastewater problem is quite . And the subject of World Water Day in 2017 is "wastewater".
What is wastewater? It is used water. Usually, wastewater comes from homes, , hospitals and so on. It is produced by different kinds of activities, including washing machines, taking showers and using kitchens. Also, the rain wastewater when it is running down the street during a storm. No matter where it comes from, this kind of water is sure to have harmful.
must we treat (处理) wastewater? Wastewater has a big influence on our lives. It causes both illness for us and pollution for the environment. We must care for our environment and our own .
How can we treat wastewater? Different kinds of wastewater need different ways of treatment. Wastewater homes can be reused. Then there will be wastewater. Also, factory wastewater has to be cleaned before it goes back to .
Now, do you see the importance of protecting the water resources?
1. A. drink B. save
C. carry D. take
2. A. serious B. popular
C. small D. calm
3. A. forests B. lakes
C. rivers D. factories
4. A. gets back B. picks up
C. turns into D. cares about
5. A. nothing B. something
C. nobody D. somebody
6. A. What B. Who
C. Why D. When
7. A. work B. interest
C. health D. time
8. A. on B. from
C. with D. at
9. A. less B. more
C. better D. few
10. A. mud B. nature
C. society D. culture

【解题导语】 本文主要讲了废水的来源、危害以及处理方法。
1 B 根据第一段中的“and protect water”可知,这里强调节约和保护水资源。save“节约”符合语境。
2 A 根据上文中的“Today, we're facing terrible water problems”可知,前文提及我们面临严重的水问题,此处引出废水问题,serious“严重的”符合语境。
3 D 根据第二段中的“Usually, wastewater comes from homes, 3, hospitals and so on”可知,废水来源多为人类活动场所,工厂符合废水产生源头的范畴,森林、湖泊和河流并非废水常规来源。
4 C 根据第二段中的“Also, the rain 4 wastewater when it is running down the street during a storm”可知,此处描述雨水在特定情况下转变为废水的过程。
5 B 根据上文中的“It is produced by different kinds of activities, including washing machines, taking showers and using kitchens”可知,此处描述废水中含有有害的物质。
6 C 根据下文中的“Wastewater has a big influence on our lives. It causes both illness for us and pollution for the environment”可知,此处是用问句“我们为什么一定要处理废水?”引出下文,阐述废水的影响,解释处理废水的原因。
7 C 根据上文中的“It causes both illness for us and pollution for the environment”可知,废水导致疾病,因此此处强调要关注自身健康。
8 B 根据倒数第二段中的“Wastewater 8 homes can be reused”可知,此处表示废水的来源。
9 A 根据上文中的“Wastewater 8 homes can be reused”可知,家庭废水得到再利用,因此废水量会减少。
10 B 根据倒数第二段中的“factory wastewater has to be cleaned before it goes back to 10”可知,为避免污染,工厂废水在排入自然环境前需净化。

二、阅读理解 细菌的重要性
素养:思维品质 难度:中 用时:8分钟
跨学科·生物 The world is full of creatures(生物), such as animals and plants. But the smallest living creatures on the earth are bacteria(细菌). Actually, you can't see them without a microscope. Bacteria may be small, but there are a lot of them around us!
Bacteria live on the earth for a long time. These bacteria can live everywhere. We can find bacteria in cold places, such as in deep Arctic ice and in hot places, such as the inside of the hot springs.
We may only think bacteria can make us sick, but bacteria do many things to help life on the earth live and grow. They help break down dead plants and animals into soil nutrients(营养物). Without these nutrients, soil could not be used to grow food for humans and animals. Without bacteria, ecosystems would be less healthy because dead plants and animals would not break down properly.
▲ For example, they affect(影响) the taste of some types of bread. And without bacteria, we would not have cheese or yogurt.
The human body needs some bacteria to work properly. Microscopic bacteria help our stomachs work. Also, bacteria help clear dead skin cells. And some kinds of bacteria even fight off other harmful bacteria. Now, scientists use bacteria to make medicine to fight against illnesses. Bacteria just might be the most useful organisms on the earth!
1. 新考法·图文转换题 According to the passage, which picture is bacteria?

2. Which of the following things can bacteria do according to the passage?
a. make us sick
b. break down dead plants and animals
c. make ecosystems less healthy
d. affect the taste of some food
e. help us taste food
A. abd B. ade C. bce D. acd
3. 新考法·信息还原题 What can be put in the "▲"?
A. Bacteria do well in making the ecosystem healthy.
B. Bacteria can make the bread taste better.
C. Bacteria are important in making cheese or yogurt.
D. Bacteria have something to do with the taste of some food.
4. 新考法·篇章结构题 What's the structure of the passage?
A. ①/②③④/⑤ B. ①②/③④/⑤
C. ①②/③④⑤ D. ①/②③④⑤
5. What is the writer's purpose of writing the passage?
A. To change people's ideas about bacteria.
B. To introduce the creatures of the world.
C. To tell people the habits of bacteria.
D. To let people know the harm of bacteria.
拓展设问
1. Where can bacteria also survive according to the passage?
A. Only in warm environments.
B. In extreme cold and hot places.
C. Only inside human bodies.
D. Nowhere except soil.
2. How do bacteria help humans directly?

【解题导语】 本文介绍了地球上最小的生物——细菌,它能做很多事情来帮助地球上的生命生存和生长。
1 B 图文转换题。根据第一段中的“But the smallest living creatures on the earth are bacteria(细菌)”及常识可知,选项B是细菌的图片。
2 A 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“We may only think bacteria can make us sick, but bacteria do many things to help life on the earth live and grow. They help break down dead plants and animals into soil nutrients(营养物)”及第四段中的“they affect(影响) the taste of some types of bread”可知,细菌会让我们生病,它们还有助于将死亡的动植物分解成土壤养分,影响某些类型面包的口感。
3 D 信息还原题。根据第四段中的“they affect(影响) the taste of some types of bread. And without bacteria, we would not have cheese or yogurt”可知,这段举例说明细菌对食物的作用,故选D。
4 C 篇章结构题。第一、二段介绍细菌的形态和生存环境;第三、四、五段介绍细菌的作用。故选C。
5 A 写作意图题。根据第三段中的“We may only think bacteria can make us sick, but bacteria do many things to help life on the earth live and grow(我们可能只认为细菌会让我们生病,但细菌能做很多事情来帮助地球上的生命生存和生长)”可推测,作者写这篇文章的目的是改变人们对细菌的看法。故选A。
【拓展设问】
1 B 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“These bacteria can live everywhere. We can find bacteria in cold places, such as in deep Arctic ice and in hot places, such as the inside of the hot springs”可知,细菌能在极端环境中生存。
2 They help our stomachs work, clear dead skin cells, fight off other harmful bacteria, and are used to make medicine.