阅读下面短文,从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Florence Nightingale was a nurse who saved many lives in the 19th century. She was named after the city of Florence in Italy. Her family was and they had two houses in Britain as well as many servants.
Florence was an young woman during her time. She was different from other women. Wealthy women like Florence weren't expected to work — their job was to marry and the family. But Florence wanted to be a nurse and help people. Her family didn't allow her to do that they thought hospitals were dirty places. In 1851, Florence went to Germany and about nursing. It was hard work, but she loved it.
In 1854, lots of British soldiers fought in the Crimean War. Army hospitals were filled with soldiers, but there were few nurses. For this reason, many soldiers . Florence and a team of nurses volunteered to help them.
Florence worked 20 hours a day to take care of the wounded soldiers. She talked to them and helped them to write letters to their families. She always carried a and the soldiers called her "The Lady with the Lamp".
When Florence returned to England, people called her a heroine (女英雄) because of her amazing work in the Crimean War. She to work hard in Britain to improve hospitals.
1. A. rich B. simple C. common D. small
2. A. unfriendly B. unusual C. unhappy D. unlucky
3. A. look after B. live on C. worry about D. part with
4. A. although B. if C. before D. because
5. A. cared B. talked C. learned D. knew
6. A. strong B. wounded C. young D. tired
7. A. died B. appeared C. failed D. smiled
8. A. patiently B. carelessly C. normally D. suddenly
9. A. pen B. lamp C. ball D. cup
10. A. thought B. expected C. prepared D. continued

1. A 2. B 3. A 4. D 5. C 6. B 7. A 8. A 9. B 10. D

【分析】
做完形填空需先通读全文，把握文章主旨（本文介绍南丁格尔的生平与贡献），再逐空结合上下文语境、词汇含义、固定搭配等逐一分析选项，最后验证答案是否符合逻辑，确保文意通顺。
【解析】
1. 由后文“they had two houses in Britain as well as many servants”可知，南丁格尔家很富有，故选A（rich）。
2. 由后文“She was different from other women”可知，她是与其他女性不同的不寻常的年轻女性，故选B（unusual）。
3. 句意：富裕女性的职责是结婚并照顾家庭，look after意为“照顾”，符合语境，故选A。
4. 前后为因果关系：家人不让她做护士，因为认为医院是肮脏的地方，故选D（because）。
5. 1851年她前往德国学习护理，learn about意为“学习”，符合语境，故选C。
6. 克里米亚战争中军队医院满是受伤的士兵，wounded意为“受伤的”，故选B。
7. 由于护士极少，许多士兵死亡，died意为“死亡”，符合文意，故选A。
8. 她耐心帮助士兵给家人写信，patiently意为“耐心地”，故选A。
9. 士兵称她为“提灯女士”，可知她随身携带的是灯，故选B（lamp）。
10. 她回到英国后继续努力改善医院，continue意为“继续”，故选D。
【答案】
1.A 2.B 3.A 4.D 5.C 6.B 7.A 8.A 9.B 10.D
【知识点】
完形填空解题技巧、词汇词义辨析、上下文语境理解
【点评】
本文以南丁格尔的事迹为素材，考查学生对语境的把握及常用词汇的运用，是典型的记叙文完形填空，难度适中，需结合上下文逻辑分析选项。
【难度系数】
0.6

阅读下面短文,在空白处填入一个适当的单词或填入括号内单词的正确形式。
Anna Mary Robertson was a famous American painter, widely known 11. Grandma Moses. People often think she 12. (take) up painting at the age of 80,
but 13. fact she loved drawing as a little girl and never stopped.
She lived a 14. (challenge) life, busy with farm work, housework and raising children, 15. she never gave up art. In her late years, she painted warm 16. (memory) from her early life: the farm, family and soft snow. Her works were 17. (cheer) and full of life, showing her 18. (kind) and positive attitude.
Her paintings were loved by friends and family. A 19. (strange) found her works in a store and brought them to New York. Soon they became part of a famous art 20. (collect). People liked her 21. (inspire) story and called her "Grandma Moses". She kept painting and became more and more popular.
In her lifetime, Moses created about 1,500 works. Her art 22. (remain) popular today. She once said life is 23. we make it. She felt satisfied with 24. (her) and made full use of every day to paint. She was truly an 25. (admire) artist.
It is her spirit that inspires us to chase our dreams no matter how old we are.

11. as 12. took 13. in 14. challenging 15. but 16. memories 17. cheerful 18. kindness 19. stranger 20. collection 21. inspiring 22. remains 23. what 24. herself 25. admirable

【分析】
本题为语法填空题，需结合固定搭配、时态规则、词性转换、从句引导词等知识点解题。具体思路：1. 第11空考查固定搭配be known as，意为“作为……而闻名”；2. 第12空由过去时间状语at the age of 80确定用一般过去时；3. 第13空考查固定短语in fact；4. 第14空修饰名词life需用形容词；5. 第15空前后为转折关系；6. 第16空memory为可数名词，此处表多个回忆需用复数；7. 第17空be动词后需用形容词；8. 第18空形容词性物主代词后接名词；9. 第19空需表示“陌生人”，用名词形式；10. 第20空art后接名词；11. 第21空修饰名词story需用形容词；12. 第22空由时间状语today确定用一般现在时；13. 第23空表语从句缺宾语，用what引导；14. 第24空介词后用反身代词；15. 第25空修饰名词artist需用形容词。
【解析】
11. 固定搭配be known as，故填as；
12. 时间状语at the age of 80表过去，用一般过去时，take变took；
13. 固定短语in fact，故填in；
14. 修饰名词life用形容词，challenge变challenging；
15. 前后转折关系，填but；
16. memory为可数名词，此处表多个回忆，用复数memories；
17. be动词后用形容词，cheer变cheerful；
18. 形容词性物主代词后接名词，kind变kindness；
19. 表示“陌生人”，strange变名词stranger；
20. art后接名词，collect变collection；
21. 修饰名词story用形容词，inspire变inspiring；
22. 时间状语today，一般现在时，主语her art为单数，动词用remains；
23. 表语从句缺宾语，用what引导；
24. 介词后用反身代词，对应主语she，填herself；
25. 修饰名词artist用形容词，admire变admirable。
【答案】
11. as 12. took 13. in 14. challenging 15. but 16. memories 17. cheerful 18. kindness 19. stranger 20. collection 21. inspiring 22. remains 23. what 24. herself 25. admirable
【知识点】
固定搭配、词性转换、动词时态
【点评】
本题为介绍画家的语法填空题，侧重考察基础语法知识与词汇运用，涵盖固定短语、时态、词性变化等考点，难度适中，能帮助学生巩固英语基础。
【难度系数】
0.7