Ⅴ. 根据上题中的短文,回答问题。
1. What's the function of a camera?

2. How do mobile phones help people?

3. List one invention that has changed your life and explain how.

1. It is used to record wonderful moments.
2. They help people communicate with others anywhere.
3. Laptops. They help me study online.
（答案不唯一,仅供参考）

【分析】
本题为根据短文内容回答问题的英语阅读理解题，解题思路如下：1. 针对第1题，需从短文中定位关于相机功能的描述，提取核心信息组织成通顺的答语；2. 针对第2题，找到短文中提及的手机帮助人们的方式，整理成符合语法的答语；3. 针对第3题，结合自身实际，选择一个改变生活的发明，说明其对自己生活的影响，答案不唯一，合理即可。
【解析】
1. 从短文中提取相机的功能相关内容，整理为：It is used to record wonderful moments.
2. 定位短文中手机的作用，组织为：They help people communicate with others anywhere.
3. 选取常见的改变生活的发明（如笔记本电脑），结合自身学习场景说明影响，答案示例为：Laptops. They help me study online.
【答案】
1. It is used to record wonderful moments.
2. They help people communicate with others anywhere.
3. Laptops. They help me study online.（答案不唯一,仅供参考）
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、特殊疑问句应答、话题表达
【点评】
本题既考查学生对短文细节信息的提取能力，又考查结合自身实际的语言表达能力，题目难度适中，答案具有开放性，符合英语学科的考查要求。
【难度系数】
0.6

Ⅵ. 阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Tofu is 1. kind of popular food in China. Here is one of the 2. (story) about how it 3. (invent).
In the Han Dynasty, there was a man who loved his parents very much. But they were so old that they could only eat soft food, so the man 4. (decide) to cook some soybeans(大豆) for them. He mashed(捣碎) the soybeans and made 5. (they) into soup.
The soybean soup didn't taste very good in the beginning 6. ______ there were too many soybean crumbs(碎屑) in it. The man took the crumbs away, but his parents still didn't like it. He thought and thought many 7. ______ (time). At last he added some salt and heated it again. When the soup cooled down, it turned into a piece 8. ______ jelly(胶状物).
The man was 9. (surprise) by its taste and his parents loved it very much. 10. (final), people around the country all learned how to make tofu. And this is how tofu was invented.

1. a 2. stories 3. was invented 4. decided
5. them 6. because 7. times 8. of
9. surprised 10. Finally

【分析】
本题为英语语法填空题，需结合语境、固定搭配及语法规则逐一确定答案：1. 考查固定搭配“a kind of”；2. “one of”后需接可数名词复数；3. 主语it指代豆腐，与“发明”是被动关系，且故事发生在过去，用一般过去时被动语态；4. 故事背景为汉代，谓语动词用过去式；5. 动词make后需接人称代词宾格；6. 前后分句为因果关系，用连词because；7. many后接可数名词复数，此处time意为“次数”；8. 固定短语“a piece of”；9. 主语为人，需用-ed结尾的形容词修饰；10. 句首需用副词作状语。
【解析】
1. 固定搭配“a kind of”表示“一种”，故填a；2. “one of+可数名词复数”结构，story的复数为stories；3. it（tofu）与invent是被动关系，时态为一般过去时，故填was invented；4. 描述汉代的故事，用一般过去时，decide的过去式为decided；5. make是动词，后接宾格，they的宾格是them；6. 前半句说明结果，后半句说明原因，用because引导原因状语从句；7. many后接可数名词复数，time此处表“次数”，复数为times；8. “a piece of”是固定短语，意为“一块”，故填of；9. 修饰人的感受用surprised（感到惊讶的），故填surprised；10. 句首用副词作状语，final的副词形式为Finally，故填Finally。
【答案】
1. a 2. stories 3. was invented 4. decided 5. them 6. because 7. times 8. of 9. surprised 10. Finally
【知识点】
固定搭配、名词单复数、动词时态语态
【点评】
本题为英语语法填空基础题型，主要考查初中阶段核心语法与固定搭配，结合语境分析即可完成，难度适中，适合巩固基础。
【难度系数】
0.7

Ⅶ. 阅读理解。
The famous British inventor George Stephenson was born in 1781 and died in 1848. One of his most important inventions was the train. He made his first train when he was forty-four years old.
When he was experimenting(试验) with the steam engine on the train, he met with trouble from the government, the newspaper reporters and the gentlemen in the country. They said that the noise and the smoke would kill cows, horses and sheep, that the engine would burst(爆炸) or that hot coals from it would set their houses on fire. At that time, most people believed what they said.
The first day when the people along the way heard the noise of the train far away and saw it running quickly to them, they ran back home as quickly as they could and closed their doors because they thought of it as a monster. They did not dare to come out until it had passed.
George Stephenson told the people that the train could go on small railways, and could pull carriages of goods and passengers, but there was no great danger to them. It was very difficult for him to make them believe. However, after some time he was able to do it and the first train that was driven by Stephenson himself proved(证明) what he had said.
()1. How old was George Stephenson when he made his first train?
A. 34 years old. B. 40 years old.
C. 44 years old. D. 48 years old.
()2. What did people say the hot coals from the train would do to their houses?
A. Made them clean.
B. Set them on fire.
C. Made them stronger.
D. Had no effect on them.
()3. From the passage, how did people feel when they first saw the train?
A. Excited. B. Curious.
C. Frightened. D. Interested.
()4. Why did the people along the way run back home and close their doors when they saw the train?
A. Because the train was moving too slowly.
B. Because they thought the train was a monster.
C. Because the government ordered them to stay inside.
D. Because the smoke made it hard for them to see.
()5. What is the main idea of the passage?
A. The life story of George Stephenson.
B. The invention and early troubles of the train.
C. How people travelled in the past.
D. The development of railways.

1. C 2. B 3. C 4. B 5. B

【分析】做这类英语阅读理解题，需遵循“先通读全文把握大意，再按题目关键词回原文定位，最后对比选项选出答案”的思路：细节题直接匹配原文对应信息，推理题结合原文细节判断，主旨题提炼全文核心内容，避免片面或偏离主题的选项。
【解析】1. 第1题：根据题干关键词“how old”“first train”，定位到原文第一段最后一句“He made his first train when he was forty-four years old.”，可知他44岁时造出第一辆火车，对应选项C。2. 第2题：根据题干关键词“hot coals”“houses”，定位到原文第二段“that hot coals from it would set their houses on fire.”，可知火车的热煤会点燃房屋，对应选项B。3. 第3题：根据题干关键词“first saw the train”“feel”，定位到原文第三段“they ran back home as quickly as they could and closed their doors because they thought of it as a monster.”，可知人们对火车感到害怕，对应选项C。4. 第4题：根据题干关键词“run back home and close doors”，定位到原文第三段原因部分“because they thought of it as a monster”，对应选项B。5. 第5题：全文围绕George Stephenson发明火车及早期遇到的麻烦展开，A选项仅讲生平过于宽泛，C、D偏离核心内容，对应选项B。
【答案】1.C 2.B 3.C 4.B 5.B
【知识点】英语阅读理解细节题、英语阅读理解主旨大意题、英语阅读理解推理判断题
【点评】本文是关于George Stephenson发明火车早期经历的阅读理解，题目以基础细节题为主，主旨题需准确提炼核心，整体难度适中，适合初中阶段学生练习，重点考查学生定位原文信息和理解主旨的能力。
【难度系数】0.8