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Ⅵ. 阅读表达
The amazing journey of money
Have you ever wondered how people acquired goods before money was invented? Long ago, people used a system called “barter” to get what they needed. Barter is the direct exchange of goods for other goods. For example, a farmer with too much rice could trade with a fisherman for some fresh fish. Both parties had to have something the other wanted, which was often difficult. This is known as the “double coincidence of wants.”
However, the barter system had many problems. What if the fisherman didn’t need rice that day? What if the goods were not easy to divide or carry? For instance, it was impractical（不切实际的）to carry a cow to the market just to buy a few shoes.
Slowly, people started to use certain items as a medium of exchange. Some cultures used rare and beautiful things like cowrie shells or salt. In China, bronze tools and weapons were also used. These items were widely accepted and could be used to “buy” various goods and services, making trade much easier.
As societies advanced, people began to use precious metals like gold and silver. These metals were made into coins of standard sizes and values, which was a huge step forward. Later, even lighter and more convenient paper money appeared. Today, we are in the age of digital money, where payments can be made with a simple tap on a phone. From barter to digital currency, the journey of money reflects the creativity of human beings in solving problems.
1. What was the main problem with the barter system according to the passage?
2. Why was it impractical to trade a cow for a few pairs of shoes?
3. List two items that were once used as a medium of exchange before coins.
4. What major advantage did metal coins bring to trade?
5. How does the author describe the way we pay today?
The amazing journey of money
Have you ever wondered how people acquired goods before money was invented? Long ago, people used a system called “barter” to get what they needed. Barter is the direct exchange of goods for other goods. For example, a farmer with too much rice could trade with a fisherman for some fresh fish. Both parties had to have something the other wanted, which was often difficult. This is known as the “double coincidence of wants.”
However, the barter system had many problems. What if the fisherman didn’t need rice that day? What if the goods were not easy to divide or carry? For instance, it was impractical（不切实际的）to carry a cow to the market just to buy a few shoes.
Slowly, people started to use certain items as a medium of exchange. Some cultures used rare and beautiful things like cowrie shells or salt. In China, bronze tools and weapons were also used. These items were widely accepted and could be used to “buy” various goods and services, making trade much easier.
As societies advanced, people began to use precious metals like gold and silver. These metals were made into coins of standard sizes and values, which was a huge step forward. Later, even lighter and more convenient paper money appeared. Today, we are in the age of digital money, where payments can be made with a simple tap on a phone. From barter to digital currency, the journey of money reflects the creativity of human beings in solving problems.
1. What was the main problem with the barter system according to the passage?
Both parties had to have something the other wanted at the same time, which was often difficult.
2. Why was it impractical to trade a cow for a few pairs of shoes?
Because the cow was too big and heavy to carry to the market, and it was not easy to divide.
3. List two items that were once used as a medium of exchange before coins.
Cowrie shells and salt.
4. What major advantage did metal coins bring to trade?
They were made into standard sizes and values, which was a huge step forward.
5. How does the author describe the way we pay today?
The author describes it as the age of digital money, where payments can be made with a simple tap on a phone.
答案
Ⅵ.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了货币的发展历程,从物物交换到贝壳、贵金属、纸币再到数字货币,展现了人类解决贸易问题的创造力。
1. Both parties had to have something the other wanted at the same time, which was often difficult.
2. Because the cow was too big and heavy to carry to the market, and it was not easy to divide.
3. Cowrie shells and salt.
4. They were made into standard sizes and values, which was a huge step forward.
5. The author describes it as the age of digital money, where payments can be made with a simple tap on a phone.
1. Both parties had to have something the other wanted at the same time, which was often difficult.
2. Because the cow was too big and heavy to carry to the market, and it was not easy to divide.
3. Cowrie shells and salt.
4. They were made into standard sizes and values, which was a huge step forward.
5. The author describes it as the age of digital money, where payments can be made with a simple tap on a phone.
解析
【分析】
做这类英语阅读表达题，需先通读全文把握主旨，再针对每个问题回到原文定位对应段落，提取与问题相关的关键信息，最后整理成符合要求的答案，答案需与原文表述一致，避免自行发挥。
【解析】
1. 问题询问物物交换的主要问题，定位到第一段末尾，原文明确提到“Both parties had to have something the other wanted, which was often difficult.”，直接提取该句作为答案；
2. 问题询问用牛换鞋不切实际的原因，定位到第二段，原文指出“the goods were not easy to divide or carry”，结合例子中牛的特点，整理为对应答案；
3. 问题要求列出硬币出现前的交换媒介，定位到第三段，原文提到“cowrie shells or salt”等，选取其中两个即可；
4. 问题询问金属硬币的主要优势，定位到第四段，原文表述为“These metals were made into coins of standard sizes and values, which was a huge step forward.”，直接提取；
5. 问题询问作者描述的当下支付方式，定位到第四段，原文明确说明“the age of digital money, where payments can be made with a simple tap on a phone.”，直接提取。
【答案】
1. Both parties had to have something the other wanted at the same time, which was often difficult.
2. Because the cow was too big and heavy to carry to the market, and it was not easy to divide.
3. Cowrie shells and salt.
4. They were made into standard sizes and values, which was a huge step forward.
5. The author describes it as the age of digital money, where payments can be made with a simple tap on a phone.
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、细节信息提取
【点评】
本题围绕货币发展历程展开，属于细节类阅读表达题，重点考查学生快速定位原文关键信息的能力，难度较低，只要认真阅读原文即可准确作答。
【难度系数】
0.8
做这类英语阅读表达题，需先通读全文把握主旨，再针对每个问题回到原文定位对应段落，提取与问题相关的关键信息，最后整理成符合要求的答案，答案需与原文表述一致，避免自行发挥。
【解析】
1. 问题询问物物交换的主要问题，定位到第一段末尾，原文明确提到“Both parties had to have something the other wanted, which was often difficult.”，直接提取该句作为答案；
2. 问题询问用牛换鞋不切实际的原因，定位到第二段，原文指出“the goods were not easy to divide or carry”，结合例子中牛的特点，整理为对应答案；
3. 问题要求列出硬币出现前的交换媒介，定位到第三段，原文提到“cowrie shells or salt”等，选取其中两个即可；
4. 问题询问金属硬币的主要优势，定位到第四段，原文表述为“These metals were made into coins of standard sizes and values, which was a huge step forward.”，直接提取；
5. 问题询问作者描述的当下支付方式，定位到第四段，原文明确说明“the age of digital money, where payments can be made with a simple tap on a phone.”，直接提取。
【答案】
1. Both parties had to have something the other wanted at the same time, which was often difficult.
2. Because the cow was too big and heavy to carry to the market, and it was not easy to divide.
3. Cowrie shells and salt.
4. They were made into standard sizes and values, which was a huge step forward.
5. The author describes it as the age of digital money, where payments can be made with a simple tap on a phone.
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、细节信息提取
【点评】
本题围绕货币发展历程展开，属于细节类阅读表达题，重点考查学生快速定位原文关键信息的能力，难度较低，只要认真阅读原文即可准确作答。
【难度系数】
0.8
