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一、阅读理解
Have you ever wondered why so many apps are free to use? After all, they cost money to run. Well, instead of paying with money, you're paying by sharing your personal data(数据). Then businesses buy and use the data so that they can show you targeted ads(定向广告).
What happens to personal information online?
Many free apps get paid by businesses that want to know about the users of the apps. What a business wants is the exact information about customers. Companies called "data brokers" collect your data—everything from your name, location and education level to the topics you search for, the websites you visit and the people you follow, and then sell it to other brokers and businesses.
The data is valuable. Businesses can use the information from data brokers to target their ads. It means they will show their ads to the people who are most likely to be interested in their products or services.
What can we do about it?
Many countries have made laws to protect personal information. For example, a law in the United States says companies must get parents' permission to collect personal data from kids under 13. China's law on personal information protection came into effect on November 1,2021. At the same time, we should try to protect our data. If an app asks for something like your location, consider saying "No" first. In short, information about you is very valuable. Try to protect it.
根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
(
A. By sharing their personal data. B. By buying and using the data.
C. By showing the targeted ads. D. By talking with friends.
(
(
A. To use the apps for free. B. To sell the information to businesses.
C. To protect users' personal data. D. To make new laws about privacy(隐私).
(
A. What are people interested in? B. Why do businesses show their ads?
C. Why do businesses want the data? D. What are the new products?
(
A. Businessmen. B. App users. C. Lawyers. D. Data brokers.
Have you ever wondered why so many apps are free to use? After all, they cost money to run. Well, instead of paying with money, you're paying by sharing your personal data(数据). Then businesses buy and use the data so that they can show you targeted ads(定向广告).
What happens to personal information online?
Many free apps get paid by businesses that want to know about the users of the apps. What a business wants is the exact information about customers. Companies called "data brokers" collect your data—everything from your name, location and education level to the topics you search for, the websites you visit and the people you follow, and then sell it to other brokers and businesses.
The data is valuable. Businesses can use the information from data brokers to target their ads. It means they will show their ads to the people who are most likely to be interested in their products or services.
What can we do about it?
Many countries have made laws to protect personal information. For example, a law in the United States says companies must get parents' permission to collect personal data from kids under 13. China's law on personal information protection came into effect on November 1,2021. At the same time, we should try to protect our data. If an app asks for something like your location, consider saying "No" first. In short, information about you is very valuable. Try to protect it.
根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
(
A
)1. According to the passage, how can people use some apps for free?A. By sharing their personal data. B. By buying and using the data.
C. By showing the targeted ads. D. By talking with friends.
(
B
)2. According to the passage, which picture can describe how businesses show their targeted ads?(
B
)3. According to the passage, why do "data brokers" collect personal information?A. To use the apps for free. B. To sell the information to businesses.
C. To protect users' personal data. D. To make new laws about privacy(隐私).
(
C
)4. Which of the following can be put in the ""?A. What are people interested in? B. Why do businesses show their ads?
C. Why do businesses want the data? D. What are the new products?
(
B
)5. Who's the passage written for?A. Businessmen. B. App users. C. Lawyers. D. Data brokers.
答案
1.A 2.B 3.B 4.C 5.B
解析
【分析】
第2题需结合原文梳理商家展示定向广告的流程：用户使用APP，APP收集用户数据，数据被卖给商家，商家利用数据向用户发送定向广告。需逐一分析四幅图的流程，匹配原文逻辑。
【解析】
根据原文内容，商家展示定向广告的正确流程为：商家向用户发送定向广告，数据来源于用户，数据被收集后提供给商家。分析各选项：A图流程为用户→收集数据→数据被卖给商家→商家开发，不符合；B图流程为商家发送广告给用户，用户使用数据，数据被收集到商家，符合原文逻辑；C图流程为用户售卖数据→数据被商家购买→商家开发，不符合；D图流程为用户收集数据→数据发送广告→商家售卖，不符合。因此选B。
【答案】
B
【知识点】
阅读理解（细节理解）、图文转换
【点评】
本题考查学生对原文细节的理解及图文匹配能力，需理清商家、用户、数据间的流程关系，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6
第2题需结合原文梳理商家展示定向广告的流程：用户使用APP，APP收集用户数据，数据被卖给商家，商家利用数据向用户发送定向广告。需逐一分析四幅图的流程，匹配原文逻辑。
【解析】
根据原文内容，商家展示定向广告的正确流程为：商家向用户发送定向广告，数据来源于用户，数据被收集后提供给商家。分析各选项：A图流程为用户→收集数据→数据被卖给商家→商家开发，不符合；B图流程为商家发送广告给用户，用户使用数据，数据被收集到商家，符合原文逻辑；C图流程为用户售卖数据→数据被商家购买→商家开发，不符合；D图流程为用户收集数据→数据发送广告→商家售卖，不符合。因此选B。
【答案】
B
【知识点】
阅读理解（细节理解）、图文转换
【点评】
本题考查学生对原文细节的理解及图文匹配能力，需理清商家、用户、数据间的流程关系，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6
