Ⅰ. 例题
假定你是李华，英国笔友 Tom 计划来中国旅行。他了解到自然灾害偶有发生，特地询问相关信息。请回复一封不少于 100 词的邮件。

Dear Tom,
I'm glad to receive your letter, and it's very thoughtful of you to learn about safety tips before your trip. Here I'd like to offer you some useful advice.
If an earthquake hits suddenly, keep calm first. If you stay indoors, hide under a strong table or desk, and keep away from windows and heavy furniture. Never take the lift during the earthquake. If you are outdoors, move to an open area quickly and cover your head with your bag to protect yourself.
When a flood comes, try to move to higher places like the top of a hill or the upper floor of a building at once. Stay away from deep water and power lines, or you may get into danger.
For your trip, there are also some simple safety rules. First, check the weather report of your destination ahead of time. Second, save the local emergency phone number in your mobile phone. Third, never go to the unmarked wild areas.
I'm sure you will have a great and safe trip here. Looking forward to your arrival!
Yours,
Li Hua

【分析】这是一道英文书信写作题，要求以李华的身份回复笔友Tom的邮件。解题思路：1. 遵循英文书信格式，开头问候、结尾署名；2. 紧扣Tom的问题，依次解答地震突发时的安全措施、洪水来临时的自保方法、旅行时的安全规则，内容需具体实用；3. 语言要符合书信语气，自然流畅，满足字数要求。
【解析】首先开头表达收到来信的喜悦，点明要提供安全建议；接着分三部分展开：①地震时：室内躲在坚固桌子下，远离窗户和重物，不乘电梯；室外快速到开阔地，用包护头；②洪水时：立刻转移到高处，远离深水和电线；③旅行时：提前查目的地天气，存当地紧急电话，不去未标记的野区；最后表达祝福，期待Tom到来。
【答案】Dear Tom,
I'm glad to receive your letter, and it's very thoughtful of you to learn about safety tips before your trip. Here I'd like to offer you some useful advice.
If an earthquake hits suddenly, keep calm first. If you stay indoors, hide under a strong table or desk, and keep away from windows and heavy furniture. Never take the lift during the earthquake. If you are outdoors, move to an open area quickly and cover your head with your bag to protect yourself.
When a flood comes, try to move to higher places like the top of a hill or the upper floor of a building at once. Stay away from deep water and power lines, or you may get into danger.
For your trip, there are also some simple safety rules. First, check the weather report of your destination ahead of time. Second, save the local emergency phone number in your mobile phone. Third, never go to the unmarked wild areas.
I'm sure you will have a great and safe trip here. Looking forward to your arrival!
Yours,
Li Hua
【知识点】英语书信写作、自然灾害安全常识、旅行安全规则
【点评】本题考查应用文写作能力，要求结合实际安全知识完成回信，既考查语言表达能力，又考查实用信息的组织能力，贴近生活实际。
【难度系数】0.5

Ⅰ. 话题词汇
1. 开阔地带
2. 紧急电话号码

1. open area 2. emergency numbers

【分析】本题考查英语常用话题词汇的翻译，需根据给出的汉语意思，结合英语固定搭配写出对应的英文短语，注意常用表达的细节。
【解析】1.“开阔地带”对应的英语固定表达为open area；2.“紧急电话号码”对应的英语固定表达为emergency numbers，此处用复数形式符合日常使用习惯。
【答案】1. open area 2. emergency numbers
【知识点】英语词汇翻译、固定搭配
【点评】本题为基础话题词汇翻译题，考查日常常用短语的掌握，属于基础题型，侧重词汇积累。
【难度系数】0.8

Ⅱ.佳句翻译
1. 洪水期间,不要在流动的水中行走或驾车。

2. 准备一个装有水、食物和手电筒的小型安全包也很有必要。

1. During a flood, do not walk or drive through moving water.
2. It's also good to have a small safety bag with water, food, and a flashlight.

【分析】本题为汉译英题型，需准确匹配中文语义对应的英语词汇与常用句式。第1题需注意“洪水期间”“流动的水”的固定表达，以及祈使句的否定结构；第2题需运用“It's + adj + to do sth”的常用句型，搭配“装有...的”的with复合结构，确保语义准确通顺。
【解析】1. “洪水期间”译为时间状语“During a flood”，“不要在流动的水中行走或驾车”用祈使句否定形式“do not walk or drive through moving water”，组合后为：During a flood, do not walk or drive through moving water。2. “也很有必要”对应“It's also good”，“准备一个小型安全包”译为“to have a small safety bag”，“装有水、食物和手电筒”用with复合结构“with water, food, and a flashlight”，组合后为：It's also good to have a small safety bag with water, food, and a flashlight。
【答案】1. During a flood, do not walk or drive through moving water.
2. It's also good to have a small safety bag with water, food, and a flashlight.
【知识点】汉译英、常用英语句型
【点评】本题围绕日常安全主题考查基础英语翻译，涉及常用词汇和核心句型，难度较低，适合巩固基础翻译能力。
【难度系数】0.3