2026年实验班提优大考卷八年级英语下册译林版第109页答案
一、词汇运用(15 分)
A. 根据句意及汉语意思填写单词。
1. The glasses are made from
eco-friendly
(环保的) materials.
2. The writing competition was
successfully
(有成效地) held in our school last month.
3. The factory can't continue its normal
level
(标准) of production.
4. The
total
(总的) budget went up almost 300 million.
5. If you break traffic rules, you will be
punished
(惩罚) by the police.

答案

A. 1. eco-friendly 2. successfully 3. level
4. total 5. punished

解析

【分析】
本题为英语词汇运用题,需结合句子语境、汉语提示及单词的词性要求填写正确形式的单词。解题思路:1. 先分析每个空格在句子中所需的词性(如形容词修饰名词、副词修饰动词、被动语态需过去分词等);2. 根据汉语意思回忆对应的英语词汇;3. 验证单词形式是否符合句子语法要求,确保拼写正确。
【解析】
1. 空格修饰名词materials,需填形容词,“环保的”对应形容词eco-friendly;
2. 空格修饰动词held,需填副词,“有成效地”对应副词successfully;
3. 空格需填名词,构成固定搭配normal level of production(生产标准),“标准”对应名词level;
4. 空格修饰名词budget,需填形容词,“总的”对应形容词total;
5. 空格位于be动词后,构成被动语态,需填动词过去分词,“惩罚”对应过去分词punished。
【答案】
1. eco-friendly 2. successfully 3. level 4. total 5. punished
【知识点】
英语词汇运用、词性辨析、被动语态
【点评】
本题考查基础词汇的拼写与在句子中的正确运用,侧重对核心词汇的积累和词性判断,难度适中,适合巩固基础。
【难度系数】
0.6
B. 用所给词的适当形式填空。
1. The problem of air
pollution
(pollute) has become more and more serious in recent years.
2. One good example of a
chemical
(chemistry) change is burning a candle.
3. I will try to be a better person so that I can make a
difference
(different) to others.
4. (2025·无锡锡山区天一中学阶段检测)I have a healthy diet, so I have no trouble
controlling
(control) my weight.
5. (2025·扬州梅岭中学教育集团期末)With the money, we have
successfully
(success) sent many children to school.

答案

B. 1. pollution 2. chemical 3. difference 4. controlling
5. successfully

解析

【分析】本题为用所给词的适当形式填空,需结合句子结构判断所需词性,同时关注固定搭配。第1题air后需名词;第2题名词change前需形容词;第3题考查固定短语;第4题考查固定搭配;第5题修饰动词需副词,据此转换单词形式。
【解析】1. 句意:近年来空气污染问题愈发严重。air为名词,其后需接名词作中心词,pollute的名词形式为pollution,故填pollution。2. 句意:化学变化的典型例子是燃烧蜡烛。change是名词,需用形容词修饰,chemistry的形容词形式为chemical,故填chemical。3. 句意:我会努力成为更好的人,以便对他人产生影响。固定搭配make a difference意为“有影响,起作用”,需用名词,故填difference。4. 句意:我饮食健康,所以控制体重没有困难。固定搭配have no trouble (in) doing sth意为“做某事没有困难”,需用动名词,control的动名词为controlling,故填controlling。5. 句意:用这笔钱,我们成功送了很多孩子上学。修饰动词sent需用副词,success的副词形式为successfully,故填successfully。
【答案】1. pollution 2. chemical 3. difference 4. controlling 5. successfully
【知识点】词性转换、固定搭配
【点评】本题考查英语基础的词形转换及常用固定搭配,属于基础题型,需学生掌握常见词类的变形规则和固定短语,整体难度较低。
【难度系数】0.6
二、按要求完成句子(10 分)
1. The company will develop a new product next year.改为被动语态
A new product
will
be
developed
by the company next year.
2. Tom watered the flowers yesterday. 改为被动语态
The flowers were watered by Tom
yesterday.
3. The little boy went to sleep after his mother came back. 保持句意基本不变
The little boy
didn't
go to sleep
until
his mother came back.
4. There's almost no water left in the bottle, isn't there? 保持句意不变
There's
hardly
any
water left in the bottle, isn't there?
5. They protect the environment by reducing waste. 对画线部分提问
How
do
they protect the environment?

答案

1. will be developed
2. The flowers were watered by Tom
3. didn't; until 4. hardly any 5. How do

解析

【分析】
本题考查初中英语句型转换,需掌握被动语态结构、同义句替换、特殊疑问句用法。解题思路:1. 一般将来时主动转被动,遵循“will be+动词过去分词”结构;2. 一般过去时主动转被动,以原宾语作主语,be动词用were/was,by引出原主语;3. 原句表“直到…才…”,用not...until结构转换;4. almost no的同义表达为hardly any;5. 对方式状语提问用how,结合原句时态加对应助动词。
【解析】
1. 原句为一般将来时主动句,被动语态结构为“will + be + 动词过去分词”,develop的过去分词是developed,故填will be developed。
2. 原句为一般过去时主动句,宾语是the flowers,被动句主语为the flowers(复数),be动词用were,water的过去分词是watered,用by引出原主语Tom,故填The flowers were watered by Tom。
3. 原句意为“小男孩在妈妈回来后才睡觉”,对应“not...until”(直到…才)结构,原句为一般过去时,否定句加助动词didn't,故填didn't; until。
4. almost no(几乎没有)的同义表达为hardly any,故填hardly any。
5. 画线部分是方式状语(by doing sth.),对方式提问用how,原句为一般现在时,主语是they,助动词用do,故填How do。
【答案】
1. will be developed
2. The flowers were watered by Tom
3. didn't; until
4. hardly any
5. How do
【知识点】
被动语态转换、同义句转换、特殊疑问句
【点评】
本题为初中英语基础句型转换题,考查被动语态、同义替换、特殊疑问句等核心语法,是各类考试常考题型,需熟练掌握基础语法规则快速解题。
【难度系数】
0.3