一、完形填空

Dear David,
I'm glad to write to you again to tell you a story between some firefighters and baby foxes.
A team of the Colorado Springs Fire Department(CSFD) arrived at the place within minutes. As they got 1 , they realized(意识到) that the animals were stuck in a sewer(下水道). In the sewer, it was dark, deep and cold. The firefighters 2 why the poor animals were in it. The team knew they couldn't 3 time. They worked together to 4 the cover of the sewer. Once lifting it, they clearly heard the 5 of the little animals. It turned out that they were trying to save these animals.
A blanket(毛毯) was placed beside the sewer. The 6 were going to be put on it to keep from sickness. Then, a firefighter carefully went into the sewer to save the animals. After that, the firefighters 7 thought the poor animals were little dogs. Everyone there was shocked at these small animals. They were so small.
Then, the firefighters took them to the next 8 . It was the Humane Society, where the little dogs would be 9 and cared for. There, what the vet(兽医) said was something they would never have thought of. In fact, the little animals were not baby dogs but baby foxes. The team was happy that the animals were safe and 10 .
Animals are our friends. We know that it's hard for one person to sing a play. We should work together to protect them. Can you share some stories with me between humans and animals?
Yours,
Tina
1. A. worse
B. closer
C. better
D. longer
2. A. knew
B. wondered
C. created
D. talked
3. A. save
B. take
C. spend
D. waste
4. A. lift
B. avoid
C. bring
D. touch
5. A. word
B. hurt
C. sound
D. energy
6. A. people
B. owners
C. teams
D. animals
7. A. usually
B. really
C. specially
D. finally
8. A. place
B. board
C. sewer
D. website
9. A. told
B. protected
C. organized
D. looked
10. A. sleepy
B. beautiful
C. healthy
D. confident

【文章大意】本文是一篇应用文，Tina 给 David 写信讲述了科罗拉多斯普林斯消防局的队员们救援小狐狸的故事。
1. B 根据句意和语境可知，此处是指当他们走得更近时，才意识到发生了什么事情。故选 B。
2. B 根据下文“why the poor animals were in it”可知，此处是指消防队员感到疑惑，想知道为什么这些可怜的动物会在下水道里面。故选 B。
3. D 根据上文“they realized that the animals were stuck in a sewer”可知，此处是指救援行动不能拖延，他们不能浪费时间。故选 D。
4. A 根据下文“Once lifting it”可知，此处是指他们一起把下水道的盖子提起来。故选 A。
5. C 根据句意和语境可知，此处是指队员们一提起下水道的盖子，就清楚地听到了小动物的叫声。故选 C。
6. D 根据上文“It turned out that they were trying to save these animals.”可知，此处指获救后的动物们将被放在毛毯上防止生病。故选 D。
7. D 根据句意和语境可知，消防员最后认为这些可怜的动物是小狗。故选 D。
8. A 根据下文“It was the Humane Society”可知，消防队员把获救的动物们带到下一个地方。故选 A。
9. B 根据下文“and cared for”可知，此处是指小狗在这里会被保护和照顾。故选 B。
10. C 根据上文“The team was happy”可知，此处是指队员们很开心，因为获救的动物很安全、很健康。故选 C。

【分析】
做完形填空时，首先需通读全文把握文章主旨（本文是Tina讲述消防队员救援被困下水道小动物，发现是小狐狸的故事）；接着逐空结合上下文语境、词义辨析等逐一判断选项；最后代入答案通读验证逻辑是否通顺。
【解析】
1. 结合语境，消防队员到达现场后，走近才发现动物被困下水道，“closer（更近的）”符合句意，故选B。
2. 此处表示消防队员想知道动物为何被困下水道，“wonder（想知道）”后接why引导的宾语从句，符合语境，故选B。
3. 救援不能拖延，“waste time（浪费时间）”符合句意，故选D。
4. 根据下文“Once lifting it”可知，此处指提起下水道盖子，“lift（提起）”符合，故选A。
5. 队员提起盖子后听到小动物的叫声，“sound（声音）”符合，故选C。
6. 获救的动物要放在毛毯上防止生病，“animals（动物）”符合，故选D。
7. 此处表示消防员最后以为这些动物是小狗，“finally（最后）”符合语境，故选D。
8. 消防队员把动物带到下一个地点，“place（地点）”符合，故选A。
9. 动物保护组织会保护和照顾动物，“protected（被保护）”符合，故选B。
10. 队员因动物安全健康而开心，“healthy（健康的）”符合，故选C。
【答案】
1.B 2.B 3.D 4.A 5.C 6.D 7.D 8.A 9.B 10.C
【知识点】
完形填空解题技巧、词汇辨析、语境理解
【点评】
本文围绕人与动物主题展开，考查学生对上下文语境的理解及词汇运用能力，内容贴近生活，难度适中，需结合文章逻辑推理判断。
【难度系数】
0.4

二、阅读理解

People now keep flat-faced dogs such as French bulldogs as pets because they are cute. Some people call these dogs “lazy” because they get sleepier more easily than other dogs during the day. However, these cute dogs are having a hard time, according to a recent study.
Scientists at Eotvos Lorand University in Hungary watched 92 family dogs of different types while they were sleeping.
During the study, the dogs spent about three hours with their owners in the sleep lab. With nothing special to do, the dogs soon fell asleep. At that time, the scientists recorded the dogs' brain activities by an electroencephalogram (EEG, 脑电图), which doesn't hurt the dogs.
The study found that the flat-faced dogs slept more than the other kinds. This may be because they don't get enough sleep at night. The scientists explained that this is due to sleep apnea(睡眠呼吸暂停), which only happens in French bulldogs.
During their sleep, they can't get enough air and may find it difficult to breathe(呼吸), which makes them constantly wake up.
Some French bulldogs may sleep while holding a toy ball in their mouths. Owners may think this is funny. But they're actually doing it to keep their airways(呼吸道) open so that they can breathe more easily.
This, however, is only one of the health problems dogs have because of breeding(培育). According to the website *Pet Helpful*, a lot of pet dogs are bred based on what people like, such as shorter legs, heavier bodies, and larger ears. Bulldogs are one of the victims(受害者).
Lots of pet lovers are calling for people to respect dogs as they are. Breeders must take the health of their dogs seriously instead of just for cuteness, Australian vet Karen Hedberg told *ABC News*.
1. What problems do flat-faced dogs have?
A. They are too active at night.
B. They are lazy and don't work during the day.
C. They have serious sleep problems.
D. They are no longer popular on the market.
2. Why do some flat-faced dogs hold a toy ball in their mouths during sleep?
A. To keep them partly awake.
B. To express their love for the toy ball.
C. To please their owners.
D. To help them breathe better.
3. Karen Hedberg called on breeders to .
A. stop breeding flat-faced dogs
B. breed more cute types of dogs
C. put pets' health first when breeding
D. respect pet owners' choices
4. The writer probably agrees that .
A. many cute animals may have serious health problems
B. flat-faced dogs face health problems because of breeding choices
C. dog owners do not understand their pets rightly
D. people are choosing pets in a more scientific way

【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文，主要从科学的角度介绍了以法国斗牛犬为代表的扁脸狗更容易犯困的原因。
1. C 细节理解题。根据第五段“During their sleep, they can't get enough air and may find it difficult to breathe, which makes them constantly wake up.”可知，它们在睡眠时，无法获得足够的空气，可能会发现呼吸困难，这使得它们不断醒来。据此可推断，扁脸狗有严重的睡眠问题。故选 C。
2. D 细节理解题。根据第六段“Some French bulldogs may sleep while holding a toy ball … to keep their airways open so that they can breathe more easily.”可知，一些扁脸狗在睡觉时嘴里含着一个玩具球，以帮助它们更好地呼吸。故选 D。
3. C 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Breeders must take the health of their dogs seriously instead of just for cuteness, Australian vet Karen Hedberg told ABC News.”可知，澳大利亚兽医凯伦·赫德伯格呼吁培育者必须认真对待狗的健康，而不仅仅是为了狗的可爱。故选 C。
4. B 推理判断题。根据第七段“This, however, is only one of the health problems dogs have because of breeding … Bulldogs are one of the victims.”可推断，作者认为宠物狗因为培育选择而面临健康问题，斗牛犬就是受害者之一。故选 B。

【分析】首先通读全文，明确文章主题是介绍扁脸狗因人类培育面临的健康问题，尤其是睡眠相关问题。解答各题时，需根据题干关键词定位原文对应段落，对比选项与原文信息，排除错误选项，得出正确答案。
【解析】
1. 细节理解题：根据原文第五段“During their sleep, they can't get enough air and may find it difficult to breathe, which makes them constantly wake up.”可知，扁脸狗睡眠时呼吸困难、频繁醒来，存在严重睡眠问题，对应选项C。A选项“夜间太活跃”与原文“夜间睡眠不足”不符；B选项“白天懒惰不工作”是人们的误解，并非扁脸狗的问题；D选项“市场不再受欢迎”原文未提及，故选C。
2. 细节理解题：根据原文第六段“Some French bulldogs may sleep while holding a toy ball in their mouths...to keep their airways open so that they can breathe more easily.”可知，扁脸狗含玩具是为了保持呼吸道通畅，帮助更好呼吸，对应选项D。A、B、C选项均与原文不符，故选D。
3. 细节理解题：根据原文最后一段“Breeders must take the health of their dogs seriously instead of just for cuteness”可知，Karen Hedberg呼吁培育者将狗的健康放在首位，对应选项C。A选项“停止培育扁脸狗”、B选项“培育更可爱的狗”、D选项“尊重主人选择”均不符合原文，故选C。
4. 推理判断题：根据原文第七段“...a lot of pet dogs are bred based on what people like...Bulldogs are one of the victims.”可知，作者认为宠物狗因人类的培育选择面临健康问题，斗牛犬是受害者之一，对应选项B。A选项“许多可爱动物有严重健康问题”扩大范围，原文仅针对扁脸狗；C选项“主人不理解宠物”原文未重点提及；D选项“人们选宠物更科学”与原文呼吁重视健康相悖，故选B。
【答案】1.C 2.D 3.C 4.B
【知识点】阅读理解（细节理解、推理判断）、说明文阅读
【点评】本文是关于扁脸狗健康问题的说明文，题目侧重考查细节查找和推理判断，需要学生精准定位原文信息，准确理解作者观点，难度适中。
【难度系数】0.5