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五、阅读理解
Biodiversity Conservation(生物多样性保护) in China
China has always paid high attention to biodiversity conservation. And years of efforts have paid off.
★Protected areas
Protected Area System
Since the first nature reserve was set up in 1956, China has developed close to 10,000 protected areas. That's about 18% of China's total land area.
★Populations of some endangered animals in China
|Animal|Picture|Number (past)|Number (now)|
| ---- | ---- | ---- | ---- |
|Crested ibises
(朱鹮)||only 7 (1981)|about 4,400|
|Hainan gibbons
(长臂猿)||less than 10 in
2 groups (1980)|between 30 and 40 in
5 groups|
|Asian elephants
(in the wild)|
|than 200 (1980s)|about 300|
|Giant pandas
(in the wild)||1,114 (forty years ago)|1,864|
★The Eco-environment
$\underline{\quad 2016 \quad}\xrightarrow{\mathrm{PM 2.5 dropped 36\%} \mathrm{Days with good air quality grew 11\%}} \underline{\quad 2021 \quad}\rightarrow$
(
A. Crested ibises.
B. Hainan gibbons.
C. Asian elephants.
D. Giant pandas.
(
A. Protected areas take up half of China's land area.
B. The first nature reserve in China was set up 100 years ago.
C. Actions to fight air pollution proved useful.
D. The past forty years has seen over 2,000 newly born giant pandas.
(
A. The introduction to different nature reserves in China.
B. The numbers of some common animals in China.
C. China's achievements in biodiversity conservation.
D. The changes of the world's eco-environment.
Biodiversity Conservation(生物多样性保护) in China
China has always paid high attention to biodiversity conservation. And years of efforts have paid off.
★Protected areas
Protected Area System
Since the first nature reserve was set up in 1956, China has developed close to 10,000 protected areas. That's about 18% of China's total land area.
★Populations of some endangered animals in China
|Animal|Picture|Number (past)|Number (now)|
| ---- | ---- | ---- | ---- |
|Crested ibises
(朱鹮)||only 7 (1981)|about 4,400|
|Hainan gibbons
(长臂猿)||less than 10 in
2 groups (1980)|between 30 and 40 in
5 groups|
|Asian elephants
(in the wild)|
|than 200 (1980s)|about 300||Giant pandas
(in the wild)||1,114 (forty years ago)|1,864|
★The Eco-environment
$\underline{\quad 2016 \quad}\xrightarrow{\mathrm{PM 2.5 dropped 36\%} \mathrm{Days with good air quality grew 11\%}} \underline{\quad 2021 \quad}\rightarrow$
(
A
)1. Which kind of animal has the biggest number of all now?A. Crested ibises.
B. Hainan gibbons.
C. Asian elephants.
D. Giant pandas.
(
C
)2. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the report?A. Protected areas take up half of China's land area.
B. The first nature reserve in China was set up 100 years ago.
C. Actions to fight air pollution proved useful.
D. The past forty years has seen over 2,000 newly born giant pandas.
(
C
)3. What is the main idea of the report?A. The introduction to different nature reserves in China.
B. The numbers of some common animals in China.
C. China's achievements in biodiversity conservation.
D. The changes of the world's eco-environment.
答案
1.A 2.C 3.C
解析
【分析】
本题为信息类阅读理解，包含细节理解和主旨大意题型。解题思路为：1. 做细节题时，根据题干关键词定位原文对应信息，逐一比对选项排除错误；2. 做主旨题时，梳理全文核心内容，排除片面或偏离主题的选项。
【解析】
1. 题干问“现在数量最大的动物”，定位表格“Number (now)”列：朱鹮约4400只，海南长臂猿30-40只，亚洲象约300只，野生大熊猫1864只，对比后数量最大的是朱鹮，故选A。
2. 逐一核对选项：A项，原文提到保护区占中国陆地面积约18%，并非一半，错误；B项，第一个自然保护区1956年设立，距今不足100年，错误；C项，生态部分显示2016-2021年PM2.5下降36%、优良天气增加11%，说明治空气污染有效，正确；D项，野生大熊猫四十年前1114只，现在1864只，新增仅750只，错误，故选C。
3. 梳理全文：围绕中国生物多样性保护的成果展开，A项仅涉及自然保护区（片面），B项仅涉及部分动物数量（片面），D项主题为世界环境（偏离），故选C。
【答案】
1.A 2.C 3.C
【知识点】
阅读理解、细节理解、主旨大意
【点评】
本题为信息类阅读理解，文本清晰、信息明确，主要考查学生提取细节和概括主旨的能力，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6
本题为信息类阅读理解，包含细节理解和主旨大意题型。解题思路为：1. 做细节题时，根据题干关键词定位原文对应信息，逐一比对选项排除错误；2. 做主旨题时，梳理全文核心内容，排除片面或偏离主题的选项。
【解析】
1. 题干问“现在数量最大的动物”，定位表格“Number (now)”列：朱鹮约4400只，海南长臂猿30-40只，亚洲象约300只，野生大熊猫1864只，对比后数量最大的是朱鹮，故选A。
2. 逐一核对选项：A项，原文提到保护区占中国陆地面积约18%，并非一半，错误；B项，第一个自然保护区1956年设立，距今不足100年，错误；C项，生态部分显示2016-2021年PM2.5下降36%、优良天气增加11%，说明治空气污染有效，正确；D项，野生大熊猫四十年前1114只，现在1864只，新增仅750只，错误，故选C。
3. 梳理全文：围绕中国生物多样性保护的成果展开，A项仅涉及自然保护区（片面），B项仅涉及部分动物数量（片面），D项主题为世界环境（偏离），故选C。
【答案】
1.A 2.C 3.C
【知识点】
阅读理解、细节理解、主旨大意
【点评】
本题为信息类阅读理解，文本清晰、信息明确，主要考查学生提取细节和概括主旨的能力，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6
