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四、跨学科 文学作品中的冬天（2025·无锡金桥双语学校阶段调研）阅读理解
文学作品中的冬天是什么样子的，不同文学作品中冬天又有哪些含义呢？
词数：373 体裁：议论文 核心素养：文化意识
话题：文学作品中的冬天的含义 难度：中 建议用时：8分钟
The end of the year is drawing near, and winter is in full activity. The season brings along with its strong winds and snow—an environment that's never comfortable to be in.
This unpleasant and even frightening part of winter can be often seen in literature. In Shakespeare's King Lear (1606), the king has
given away his kingdom and been driven out by his two ungrateful daughters. He is out in the winter cold, suffering(遭受痛苦) things that are usually saved for the poorest and most unlucky human beings.
The winter is bad enough for Lear, but being driven out by his family is worse. A song from another Shakespeare's play, As You Like It (1599), is fitting for this poor old man's situation: "Blow, blow, thou winter wind/Thou art not so unkind/As man's ingratitude(忘恩负义)". Here, winter is used to bring out the ugliness of inhumanity(无人性). There aren't many things that are worse than winter, according to Shakespeare.
Once winter became less of a danger to human beings, it became more positive in literary works. Since Charles Dickens, the representation of the season in literature often has something to do with happy Christmas celebrations.
The cold of the winter weather provides a contrast(对比) to the fun going on indoors.
Dickens' A Christmas Carol (1843) was the start of this, but Christmas is still a common, cheery element(元素) in stories that feature winter scenes today. Consider the joy felt by Harry Potter and his friends in J. K. Rowling's Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone (1997) as they sit down for their festive meal:
"Harry had never in all his life had such a Christmas dinner. A hundred fat, roast turkeys; mountains of roast and boiled potatoes; platters(浅盘) of chipolatas; tureens(盖碗) of buttered peas, silver boats of thick, rich gravy(肉汁) and cranberry(蔓越莓) sauce."
It is almost as much a pleasure to read about the meal as it might have been to eat it.
Although winter still isn't the most cheerful season in novels and poems, it's safe to say that writers have surely "warmed up" since Shakespeare's days.
1. What can we learn from Shakespeare's works?
A. Winter is compared with the ugly side of humanity.
B. Shakespeare didn't like winter for its bad weather.
C. It's in winter when King Lear drove his two daughters off.
D. King Lear was forced to give away his kingdom in a cold winter.
2. The author mentions Charles Dickens in the passage because
A. a lot of his works are related to winter
B. he started a new way of representing winter
C. he is the most popular author of winter stories
D. his works make people feel cheerful in winter
3. The example of Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone is used mainly to show
A. Christmas is still a symbol of joy in modern stories
B. traditional Christmas food makes the winter cheery
C. it's a pleasure to read Christmas-related books in winter
D. winter has become the happiest season in literary works
4. 中考新考法 推断作者写作意图 The author's main purpose in writing this article is to
A. recommend some winter stories in literature
B. explain what winter is like in literary works
C. describe certain customs that are related to winter
D. tell us why winter is described as
unpleasant in literature
文学作品中的冬天是什么样子的，不同文学作品中冬天又有哪些含义呢？
词数：373 体裁：议论文 核心素养：文化意识
话题：文学作品中的冬天的含义 难度：中 建议用时：8分钟
The end of the year is drawing near, and winter is in full activity. The season brings along with its strong winds and snow—an environment that's never comfortable to be in.
This unpleasant and even frightening part of winter can be often seen in literature. In Shakespeare's King Lear (1606), the king has
given away his kingdom and been driven out by his two ungrateful daughters. He is out in the winter cold, suffering(遭受痛苦) things that are usually saved for the poorest and most unlucky human beings.
The winter is bad enough for Lear, but being driven out by his family is worse. A song from another Shakespeare's play, As You Like It (1599), is fitting for this poor old man's situation: "Blow, blow, thou winter wind/Thou art not so unkind/As man's ingratitude(忘恩负义)". Here, winter is used to bring out the ugliness of inhumanity(无人性). There aren't many things that are worse than winter, according to Shakespeare.
Once winter became less of a danger to human beings, it became more positive in literary works. Since Charles Dickens, the representation of the season in literature often has something to do with happy Christmas celebrations.
The cold of the winter weather provides a contrast(对比) to the fun going on indoors.
Dickens' A Christmas Carol (1843) was the start of this, but Christmas is still a common, cheery element(元素) in stories that feature winter scenes today. Consider the joy felt by Harry Potter and his friends in J. K. Rowling's Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone (1997) as they sit down for their festive meal:
"Harry had never in all his life had such a Christmas dinner. A hundred fat, roast turkeys; mountains of roast and boiled potatoes; platters(浅盘) of chipolatas; tureens(盖碗) of buttered peas, silver boats of thick, rich gravy(肉汁) and cranberry(蔓越莓) sauce."
It is almost as much a pleasure to read about the meal as it might have been to eat it.
Although winter still isn't the most cheerful season in novels and poems, it's safe to say that writers have surely "warmed up" since Shakespeare's days.
1. What can we learn from Shakespeare's works?
A. Winter is compared with the ugly side of humanity.
B. Shakespeare didn't like winter for its bad weather.
C. It's in winter when King Lear drove his two daughters off.
D. King Lear was forced to give away his kingdom in a cold winter.
2. The author mentions Charles Dickens in the passage because
B
.A. a lot of his works are related to winter
B. he started a new way of representing winter
C. he is the most popular author of winter stories
D. his works make people feel cheerful in winter
3. The example of Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone is used mainly to show
A
.A. Christmas is still a symbol of joy in modern stories
B. traditional Christmas food makes the winter cheery
C. it's a pleasure to read Christmas-related books in winter
D. winter has become the happiest season in literary works
4. 中考新考法 推断作者写作意图 The author's main purpose in writing this article is to
B
.A. recommend some winter stories in literature
B. explain what winter is like in literary works
C. describe certain customs that are related to winter
D. tell us why winter is described as
unpleasant in literature
答案
【文章大意】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要向我们描述了文学作品中的冬天是什么样子的,以及在不同文学作品中冬天的含义。
1. A [解析]细节理解题。根据“Here, winter is used to bring out the ugliness of inhumanity(无人性).”可知,在莎士比亚的作品中,冬天被比作人类丑陋的一面。故选 A。
2. B [解析]推理判断题。根据“Since Charles Dickens, the representation of the season in literature often has something to do with happy Christmas celebrations.”可推断出,文章提到查尔斯·狄更斯,是因为在他之前的作品对冬天的描述都是残忍的、不好的;自他以后,对冬天的描述变得不一样了。故选 B。
3. A [解析]细节理解题。根据“but Christmas is still a common, cheery element（元素）in stories that feature winter scenes today. Consider the joy felt by Harry Potter...”可知,作者用《哈利波特与魔法石》的例子主要是用来说明,圣诞节仍是现代故事中欢乐的象征。故选 A。
4. B [解析]写作意图题。通读全文可知,本文主要向我们描述了文学作品中的冬天是什么样子的,以及在不同文学作品中冬天的含义。由此推断出作者写这篇文章的目的是阐述文学作品中的冬天是什么样子。故选 B。
1. A [解析]细节理解题。根据“Here, winter is used to bring out the ugliness of inhumanity(无人性).”可知,在莎士比亚的作品中,冬天被比作人类丑陋的一面。故选 A。
2. B [解析]推理判断题。根据“Since Charles Dickens, the representation of the season in literature often has something to do with happy Christmas celebrations.”可推断出,文章提到查尔斯·狄更斯,是因为在他之前的作品对冬天的描述都是残忍的、不好的;自他以后,对冬天的描述变得不一样了。故选 B。
3. A [解析]细节理解题。根据“but Christmas is still a common, cheery element（元素）in stories that feature winter scenes today. Consider the joy felt by Harry Potter...”可知,作者用《哈利波特与魔法石》的例子主要是用来说明,圣诞节仍是现代故事中欢乐的象征。故选 A。
4. B [解析]写作意图题。通读全文可知,本文主要向我们描述了文学作品中的冬天是什么样子的,以及在不同文学作品中冬天的含义。由此推断出作者写这篇文章的目的是阐述文学作品中的冬天是什么样子。故选 B。
解析
【分析】这是一篇围绕文学作品中冬天含义展开的议论文，解题时需先通读全文梳理结构：文章先说明莎士比亚作品中冬天常用来体现人性的丑陋，接着指出狄更斯之后文学作品中冬天与欢乐的圣诞节庆祝相关，最后总结作家对冬天的描述逐渐“温暖”。针对每道题，需定位原文对应内容，结合题型（细节理解、推理判断、主旨大意）分析选项：第1题定位莎士比亚作品中冬天与人性丑陋的关联；第2题定位狄更斯相关语句，分析其对冬天表现方式的影响；第3题定位哈利波特例子的上下文，明确其作用；第4题通读全文归纳作者写作意图。
【解析】
1. 细节理解题：根据原文“Here, winter is used to bring out the ugliness of inhumanity(无人性).”可知，莎士比亚作品中冬天被比作人性丑陋的一面，对应选项A。B选项文中未提及莎士比亚不喜欢冬天的天气；C选项是李尔王被女儿驱逐，而非驱逐女儿；D选项是李尔王放弃王国后被驱逐，并非在寒冷冬天放弃王国，故排除B、C、D，选A。
2. 推理判断题：原文提到“Since Charles Dickens, the representation of the season in literature often has something to do with happy Christmas celebrations.”，说明狄更斯开启了文学作品中冬天与欢乐圣诞关联的新表现方式，对应选项B。A选项文中未说他很多作品与冬天相关；C选项“最受欢迎”无依据；D选项是狄更斯之后的作品，而非他的作品本身让冬天欢乐，故排除A、C、D，选B。
3. 细节理解题：原文指出“but Christmas is still a common, cheery element（元素）in stories that feature winter scenes today. Consider the joy felt by Harry Potter...”，可知哈利波特的例子是为了说明圣诞节仍是现代故事中欢乐的象征，对应选项A。B选项重点不是圣诞食物；C选项不是读圣诞书的乐趣；D选项“最欢乐”与原文“still isn't the most cheerful”不符，故排除B、C、D，选A。
4. 主旨大意题：通读全文，文章主要阐述文学作品中冬天的样子及不同含义，对应选项B。A选项“推荐故事”不是主要目的；C选项“描述习俗”未涉及；D选项只提到冬天被描述为不愉快，片面，故排除A、C、D，选B。
【答案】1.A 2.B 3.A 4.B
【知识点】阅读理解，议论文阅读，文学作品含义
【点评】本题为跨学科的议论文阅读理解题，围绕文学作品中冬天的不同象征意义展开，题目涵盖多种阅读题型，考查学生的信息定位、推理判断及主旨归纳能力，难度中等，需学生准确把握原文细节与整体结构。
【难度系数】0.5
【解析】
1. 细节理解题：根据原文“Here, winter is used to bring out the ugliness of inhumanity(无人性).”可知，莎士比亚作品中冬天被比作人性丑陋的一面，对应选项A。B选项文中未提及莎士比亚不喜欢冬天的天气；C选项是李尔王被女儿驱逐，而非驱逐女儿；D选项是李尔王放弃王国后被驱逐，并非在寒冷冬天放弃王国，故排除B、C、D，选A。
2. 推理判断题：原文提到“Since Charles Dickens, the representation of the season in literature often has something to do with happy Christmas celebrations.”，说明狄更斯开启了文学作品中冬天与欢乐圣诞关联的新表现方式，对应选项B。A选项文中未说他很多作品与冬天相关；C选项“最受欢迎”无依据；D选项是狄更斯之后的作品，而非他的作品本身让冬天欢乐，故排除A、C、D，选B。
3. 细节理解题：原文指出“but Christmas is still a common, cheery element（元素）in stories that feature winter scenes today. Consider the joy felt by Harry Potter...”，可知哈利波特的例子是为了说明圣诞节仍是现代故事中欢乐的象征，对应选项A。B选项重点不是圣诞食物；C选项不是读圣诞书的乐趣；D选项“最欢乐”与原文“still isn't the most cheerful”不符，故排除B、C、D，选A。
4. 主旨大意题：通读全文，文章主要阐述文学作品中冬天的样子及不同含义，对应选项B。A选项“推荐故事”不是主要目的；C选项“描述习俗”未涉及；D选项只提到冬天被描述为不愉快，片面，故排除A、C、D，选B。
【答案】1.A 2.B 3.A 4.B
【知识点】阅读理解，议论文阅读，文学作品含义
【点评】本题为跨学科的议论文阅读理解题，围绕文学作品中冬天的不同象征意义展开，题目涵盖多种阅读题型，考查学生的信息定位、推理判断及主旨归纳能力，难度中等，需学生准确把握原文细节与整体结构。
【难度系数】0.5
