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Ⅶ. 首字母填空(每小题1分,共10分)
根据短文内容及首字母提示,在空格处填入一个适当的词使短文完整。
新素材 加州大火 Recently, the wildfires in California, USA, have caught the world's eye. On January 7, 2025, a fire started near Palisades in western Los Angeles County. Driven by the strong Santa Ana winds, which blew at over 100 kilometres per hour, the fire s1 quickly.
It may take a long time to bring a wildfire under control. And some wildfires are even i2 to stop. They usually happen in areas where few people live. They are most common in wooded areas in the USA, Canada and Australia. They are also known as forest fires or grass fires, or as bush fires in Australia.
Lightning and volcanoes can l3 to wildfires. However, 90 per cent of wildfires are caused by humans, according to the USA National Park Service. Burning campfires and rubbish, cigarette butts and acts of arson can e4 cause wildfires. Dry and hot weather, as well as winds, creates perfect wildfire c5. They help wildfires grow quickly and last for weeks.
Wildfires can burn at $900°\mathrm{C}$ and reach a h6 of more than 50 metres. They can move at a speed of up to 23 kilometres an hour, burning everything, such as trees, brush, homes and even people. The fires are also d7 to animals because they have no place to hide. They have to l8 their homes and find water somewhere else.
Fires have burned on Earth throughout its history. But rising temperatures caused by human activities make wildfires more and more frequent(频繁的). As a result, an i9 number of cities are suffering from wildfires. The scientists w10 that these wildfires have already developed into a global event, rather than just wildfires happening in California.
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根据短文内容及首字母提示,在空格处填入一个适当的词使短文完整。
新素材 加州大火 Recently, the wildfires in California, USA, have caught the world's eye. On January 7, 2025, a fire started near Palisades in western Los Angeles County. Driven by the strong Santa Ana winds, which blew at over 100 kilometres per hour, the fire s1 quickly.
It may take a long time to bring a wildfire under control. And some wildfires are even i2 to stop. They usually happen in areas where few people live. They are most common in wooded areas in the USA, Canada and Australia. They are also known as forest fires or grass fires, or as bush fires in Australia.
Lightning and volcanoes can l3 to wildfires. However, 90 per cent of wildfires are caused by humans, according to the USA National Park Service. Burning campfires and rubbish, cigarette butts and acts of arson can e4 cause wildfires. Dry and hot weather, as well as winds, creates perfect wildfire c5. They help wildfires grow quickly and last for weeks.
Wildfires can burn at $900°\mathrm{C}$ and reach a h6 of more than 50 metres. They can move at a speed of up to 23 kilometres an hour, burning everything, such as trees, brush, homes and even people. The fires are also d7 to animals because they have no place to hide. They have to l8 their homes and find water somewhere else.
Fires have burned on Earth throughout its history. But rising temperatures caused by human activities make wildfires more and more frequent(频繁的). As a result, an i9 number of cities are suffering from wildfires. The scientists w10 that these wildfires have already developed into a global event, rather than just wildfires happening in California.
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spread
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impossible
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lead
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easily
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conditions
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height
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dangerous
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leave
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increasing
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warn
答案
Ⅶ.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章通过介绍 2025 年美国加州山火这一具体事件,系统地阐述了山火的成因、特征、巨大破坏力以及日益全球化的趋势。
1. spread 解析:根据"Driven by the strong Santa Ana winds(在强劲的圣安娜风驱动下)"以及首字母提示 s 可知,此处是指火势迅速"蔓延"。spread 意为"蔓延、传播",其过去式与原形一致,仍为 spread。故填 spread。
2. impossible 解析:根据前一句"It may take a long time to bring a wildfire under control.(控制山火可能需要很长时间)"以及首字母提示 i 可知,有些山火甚至"不可能"被阻止。impossible 意为"不可能的"。故填 impossible。
3. lead 解析:考查固定短语 lead to,意为"导致、引起"。句意为"闪电和火山爆发会导致山火"。情态动词 can 后接动词原形。故填 lead。
4. easily 解析:根据"Burning campfires ... acts of arson(营火、纵火行为等)"以及首字母提示 e 可知,这些人为因素能"容易地"引发火灾。easily 意为"容易地",在句中作状语。故填 easily。
5. conditions 解析:根据"Dry and hot weather, as well as winds(干热的天气和风)"以及首字母提示 c 可知,这些因素创造了完美的火灾"条件"。condition 意为"条件、环境",此处常用复数形式。故填 conditions。
6. height 解析:根据"reach a ... of more than 50 metres(达到 50 多米的……)"以及首字母提示 h 可知,此处是指火焰的"高度"。high 的名词形式为 height。故填 height。
7. dangerous 解析:根据"because they have no place to hide(因为它们没有地方躲藏)"以及首字母提示 d 可知,大火对动物也是"危险的"。dangerous 意为"危险的"。故填 dangerous。
8. leave 解析:根据"find water somewhere else(去别处找水)"以及首字母提示 l 可知,动物们不得不"离开"家园。leave 意为"离开",have to 后接动词原形。故填 leave。
9. increasing 解析:考查固定搭配 an increasing number of,意为"越来越多的"。句意:越来越多的城市正在遭受山火之苦。故填 increasing。
10. warn 解析:根据句意"科学家们……这些山火已经演变成全球性事件"以及首字母提示 w 可知,此处是指科学家的"警告"。warn 意为"警告",主语是 scientists,用动词原形。故填 warn。
1. spread 解析:根据"Driven by the strong Santa Ana winds(在强劲的圣安娜风驱动下)"以及首字母提示 s 可知,此处是指火势迅速"蔓延"。spread 意为"蔓延、传播",其过去式与原形一致,仍为 spread。故填 spread。
2. impossible 解析:根据前一句"It may take a long time to bring a wildfire under control.(控制山火可能需要很长时间)"以及首字母提示 i 可知,有些山火甚至"不可能"被阻止。impossible 意为"不可能的"。故填 impossible。
3. lead 解析:考查固定短语 lead to,意为"导致、引起"。句意为"闪电和火山爆发会导致山火"。情态动词 can 后接动词原形。故填 lead。
4. easily 解析:根据"Burning campfires ... acts of arson(营火、纵火行为等)"以及首字母提示 e 可知,这些人为因素能"容易地"引发火灾。easily 意为"容易地",在句中作状语。故填 easily。
5. conditions 解析:根据"Dry and hot weather, as well as winds(干热的天气和风)"以及首字母提示 c 可知,这些因素创造了完美的火灾"条件"。condition 意为"条件、环境",此处常用复数形式。故填 conditions。
6. height 解析:根据"reach a ... of more than 50 metres(达到 50 多米的……)"以及首字母提示 h 可知,此处是指火焰的"高度"。high 的名词形式为 height。故填 height。
7. dangerous 解析:根据"because they have no place to hide(因为它们没有地方躲藏)"以及首字母提示 d 可知,大火对动物也是"危险的"。dangerous 意为"危险的"。故填 dangerous。
8. leave 解析:根据"find water somewhere else(去别处找水)"以及首字母提示 l 可知,动物们不得不"离开"家园。leave 意为"离开",have to 后接动词原形。故填 leave。
9. increasing 解析:考查固定搭配 an increasing number of,意为"越来越多的"。句意:越来越多的城市正在遭受山火之苦。故填 increasing。
10. warn 解析:根据句意"科学家们……这些山火已经演变成全球性事件"以及首字母提示 w 可知,此处是指科学家的"警告"。warn 意为"警告",主语是 scientists,用动词原形。故填 warn。
解析
【分析】首先通读全文，明确短文围绕2025年美国加州山火展开，理解文章主旨；接着针对每个空格，结合上下文语境分析所需词汇的词性，再联系首字母提示，通过逻辑关系、固定搭配或常用短语筛选出合适的词汇，确保填入后语句通顺、语义连贯。
【解析】1. 根据“在强劲的圣安娜风驱动下”及首字母s，可知火势迅速“蔓延”，spread意为“蔓延”，符合语境；2. 根据“控制山火可能需要很长时间”及首字母i，可知有些山火甚至“不可能”被阻止，impossible意为“不可能的”，符合；3. 考查固定短语lead to，意为“导致”，情态动词can后接动词原形，故填lead；4. 根据“营火、纵火行为等”及首字母e，可知这些人为因素能“容易地”引发火灾，easily为副词作状语，符合；5. 根据“干热的天气和风”及首字母c，可知这些因素创造了完美的火灾“条件”，condition此处用复数形式conditions；6. 根据“达到50多米的……”及首字母h，可知此处指火焰的“高度”，high的名词形式为height；7. 根据“因为它们没有地方躲藏”及首字母d，可知大火对动物“危险的”，dangerous意为“危险的”；8. 根据“去别处找水”及首字母l，可知动物们不得不“离开”家园，have to后接动词原形leave；9. 考查固定搭配an increasing number of，意为“越来越多的”，符合句意；10. 根据“这些山火已经演变成全球性事件”及首字母w，可知科学家们“警告”，主语scientists为复数，用动词原形warn。
【答案】1.spread 2.impossible 3.lead 4.easily 5.conditions 6.height 7.dangerous 8.leave 9.increasing 10.warn
【知识点】首字母填空解题技巧；词汇运用；固定搭配
【点评】本题结合新素材“加州大火”设置首字母填空，既考查学生对基础词汇的掌握，又要求学生结合语境、首字母提示及语法规则完成填空，同时传递了关注环境问题的意识，符合初中英语的考查要求。
【难度系数】0.6
【解析】1. 根据“在强劲的圣安娜风驱动下”及首字母s，可知火势迅速“蔓延”，spread意为“蔓延”，符合语境；2. 根据“控制山火可能需要很长时间”及首字母i，可知有些山火甚至“不可能”被阻止，impossible意为“不可能的”，符合；3. 考查固定短语lead to，意为“导致”，情态动词can后接动词原形，故填lead；4. 根据“营火、纵火行为等”及首字母e，可知这些人为因素能“容易地”引发火灾，easily为副词作状语，符合；5. 根据“干热的天气和风”及首字母c，可知这些因素创造了完美的火灾“条件”，condition此处用复数形式conditions；6. 根据“达到50多米的……”及首字母h，可知此处指火焰的“高度”，high的名词形式为height；7. 根据“因为它们没有地方躲藏”及首字母d，可知大火对动物“危险的”，dangerous意为“危险的”；8. 根据“去别处找水”及首字母l，可知动物们不得不“离开”家园，have to后接动词原形leave；9. 考查固定搭配an increasing number of，意为“越来越多的”，符合句意；10. 根据“这些山火已经演变成全球性事件”及首字母w，可知科学家们“警告”，主语scientists为复数，用动词原形warn。
【答案】1.spread 2.impossible 3.lead 4.easily 5.conditions 6.height 7.dangerous 8.leave 9.increasing 10.warn
【知识点】首字母填空解题技巧；词汇运用；固定搭配
【点评】本题结合新素材“加州大火”设置首字母填空，既考查学生对基础词汇的掌握，又要求学生结合语境、首字母提示及语法规则完成填空，同时传递了关注环境问题的意识，符合初中英语的考查要求。
【难度系数】0.6
Ⅷ. 书面表达(共19分)
假设你校英文网站的学生论坛近期发起了一场关于如何在自然灾害中保护自己的讨论。请你根据下面表格的提示写一篇短文。
要求:1.短文须包含表格内的所有提示内容,可适当发挥;2.语言表达要准确,语意要通顺、连贯;3.词数100左右,短文的开头和结尾已经给出,不计入总词数。
Natural disasters happen from time to time.
If we do so, I believe we can protect ourselves from natural disasters.
假设你校英文网站的学生论坛近期发起了一场关于如何在自然灾害中保护自己的讨论。请你根据下面表格的提示写一篇短文。
要求:1.短文须包含表格内的所有提示内容,可适当发挥;2.语言表达要准确,语意要通顺、连贯;3.词数100左右,短文的开头和结尾已经给出,不计入总词数。
Natural disasters happen from time to time.
If we do so, I believe we can protect ourselves from natural disasters.
答案
Ⅷ. One possible version:
Natural disasters happen from time to time. So it's of great importance for us to know what to do when they happen. Here are some tips.
When a flood happens, we'd better get to a higher place. We shouldn't walk or swim through the flood water. If an earthquake happens, we should hide under a strong desk or table and run out of the building when the ground stops shaking. We shouldn't stand near a tall building. If we are outside when a thunderstorm begins, we should look for cover in a large building or lie down in a hole. We shouldn't stand under a tree, or we will be easily hit by lightning. Last but not least, we should be brave and stay calm.
If we do so, I believe we can protect ourselves from natural disasters.
思路梳理 这篇范文以"总起——分述三类灾害——补充原则——总结"为核心逻辑,衔接开头后用 When/If 分别引出洪水、地震、雷雨,每类灾害均先写 should/had better 的正确避险做法,再用 shouldn't 明确禁止行为,还对雷雨错误行为用 or 点明后果,中间补充 Last but not least 的通用避险原则(勇敢冷静),最后用条件句收尾。
Natural disasters happen from time to time. So it's of great importance for us to know what to do when they happen. Here are some tips.
When a flood happens, we'd better get to a higher place. We shouldn't walk or swim through the flood water. If an earthquake happens, we should hide under a strong desk or table and run out of the building when the ground stops shaking. We shouldn't stand near a tall building. If we are outside when a thunderstorm begins, we should look for cover in a large building or lie down in a hole. We shouldn't stand under a tree, or we will be easily hit by lightning. Last but not least, we should be brave and stay calm.
If we do so, I believe we can protect ourselves from natural disasters.
思路梳理 这篇范文以"总起——分述三类灾害——补充原则——总结"为核心逻辑,衔接开头后用 When/If 分别引出洪水、地震、雷雨,每类灾害均先写 should/had better 的正确避险做法,再用 shouldn't 明确禁止行为,还对雷雨错误行为用 or 点明后果,中间补充 Last but not least 的通用避险原则(勇敢冷静),最后用条件句收尾。
解析
【分析】
本题是关于自然灾害中自我保护的英语书面表达题，解题思路如下：首先承接给定开头，总述了解灾害应对方法的重要性；接着分别针对表格中的洪水、地震、雷暴三类灾害，对应写出“应该做”和“不应该做”的避险措施，每类措施需符合实际避险常识；适当补充通用避险原则（如保持冷静），最后衔接给定结尾，确保覆盖所有表格提示，语言通顺连贯，词数符合要求。
【解析】
按照“总起—分述三类灾害应对—补充通用原则—总结”的结构写作：1. 承接给定开头，引出分享灾害应对技巧；2. 写洪水应对：应到高处，不应蹚洪水；3. 写地震应对：应躲在坚固桌下，震停后有序撤离，不应靠近高楼；4. 写雷暴应对：户外时应找坚固建筑或躲进坑中，不应站在树下（避免雷击）；5. 补充要保持勇敢冷静的通用原则；6. 衔接给定结尾，完成短文。
【答案】
One possible version:
Natural disasters happen from time to time. So it's of great importance for us to know what to do when they happen. Here are some tips.
When a flood happens, we'd better get to a higher place. We shouldn't walk or swim through the flood water. If an earthquake happens, we should hide under a strong desk or table and run out of the building when the ground stops shaking. We shouldn't stand near a tall building. If we are outside when a thunderstorm begins, we should look for cover in a large building or lie down in a hole. We shouldn't stand under a tree, or we will be easily hit by lightning. Last but not least, we should be brave and stay calm.
If we do so, I believe we can protect ourselves from natural disasters.
【知识点】
英语书面表达、情态动词用法、自然灾害相关表达
【点评】
范文紧扣题目要求，完整覆盖表格中三类自然灾害的“应该做”与“不应该做”内容，结构清晰、逻辑连贯，语言准确规范，符合初中英语书面表达的要求，兼具实用性与规范性。
【难度系数】
0.6
本题是关于自然灾害中自我保护的英语书面表达题，解题思路如下：首先承接给定开头，总述了解灾害应对方法的重要性；接着分别针对表格中的洪水、地震、雷暴三类灾害，对应写出“应该做”和“不应该做”的避险措施，每类措施需符合实际避险常识；适当补充通用避险原则（如保持冷静），最后衔接给定结尾，确保覆盖所有表格提示，语言通顺连贯，词数符合要求。
【解析】
按照“总起—分述三类灾害应对—补充通用原则—总结”的结构写作：1. 承接给定开头，引出分享灾害应对技巧；2. 写洪水应对：应到高处，不应蹚洪水；3. 写地震应对：应躲在坚固桌下，震停后有序撤离，不应靠近高楼；4. 写雷暴应对：户外时应找坚固建筑或躲进坑中，不应站在树下（避免雷击）；5. 补充要保持勇敢冷静的通用原则；6. 衔接给定结尾，完成短文。
【答案】
One possible version:
Natural disasters happen from time to time. So it's of great importance for us to know what to do when they happen. Here are some tips.
When a flood happens, we'd better get to a higher place. We shouldn't walk or swim through the flood water. If an earthquake happens, we should hide under a strong desk or table and run out of the building when the ground stops shaking. We shouldn't stand near a tall building. If we are outside when a thunderstorm begins, we should look for cover in a large building or lie down in a hole. We shouldn't stand under a tree, or we will be easily hit by lightning. Last but not least, we should be brave and stay calm.
If we do so, I believe we can protect ourselves from natural disasters.
【知识点】
英语书面表达、情态动词用法、自然灾害相关表达
【点评】
范文紧扣题目要求，完整覆盖表格中三类自然灾害的“应该做”与“不应该做”内容，结构清晰、逻辑连贯，语言准确规范，符合初中英语书面表达的要求，兼具实用性与规范性。
【难度系数】
0.6
