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三、阅读理解。（每小题2分，共30分）
A 跨学科 生物
You can find plants almost everywhere, in dark places and in sunny places. Plants have been on Earth for millions of years and there are about 400,000 kinds of plants. Grasses and trees are common plants.
Plants use photosynthesis to make their own food, and that means they use sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide to produce food (sugar) and oxygen. Plants produce most of the world's oxygen. They are important because many animals eat plants or other animals which eat plants.
Why are plants so important? Almost all living things need plants to live. Animals can't get their food through photosynthesis like plants, so they need plants (or other animals which eat plants) to get the sugar to live. They also need oxygen to breathe.
Plants have something in common. First, plants make their food through photosynthesis and they don't move from place to place. Second, plants have chlorophyll(叶绿素), and it makes leaves green and is also important to photosynthesis.
Light, temperature and water can influence the plant's growth. It's important to know how they influence the plant's growth.
1. Why does the writer write Paragraph 1?
A. To enjoy different plants.
B. To show the history of plants.
C. To introduce some kinds of plants.
D. To lead into(导入) the topic of plants.
2. 创新考法 图片选择 Which picture shows the underlined word "photosynthesis" in Paragraph 2?
A.
3. What can animals get from the plants according to the passage?
A. Water and oxygen.
B. Sugar and light.
C. Sugar and oxygen.
D. Fruit and water.
4. What is Paragraph 4 mainly about?
A. The importance of plants.
B. The common points of plants.
C. The shapes of plants.
D. The colours of plants.
5. 创新考法 情节推断 What will the writer talk about next?
A. Where plants can be found.
B. Why plants are everywhere.
C. Which plants animals like best.
D. How environmental factors influence plants.
A 跨学科 生物
You can find plants almost everywhere, in dark places and in sunny places. Plants have been on Earth for millions of years and there are about 400,000 kinds of plants. Grasses and trees are common plants.
Plants use photosynthesis to make their own food, and that means they use sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide to produce food (sugar) and oxygen. Plants produce most of the world's oxygen. They are important because many animals eat plants or other animals which eat plants.
Why are plants so important? Almost all living things need plants to live. Animals can't get their food through photosynthesis like plants, so they need plants (or other animals which eat plants) to get the sugar to live. They also need oxygen to breathe.
Plants have something in common. First, plants make their food through photosynthesis and they don't move from place to place. Second, plants have chlorophyll(叶绿素), and it makes leaves green and is also important to photosynthesis.
Light, temperature and water can influence the plant's growth. It's important to know how they influence the plant's growth.
1. Why does the writer write Paragraph 1?
A. To enjoy different plants.
B. To show the history of plants.
C. To introduce some kinds of plants.
D. To lead into(导入) the topic of plants.
2. 创新考法 图片选择 Which picture shows the underlined word "photosynthesis" in Paragraph 2?
A.
3. What can animals get from the plants according to the passage?
A. Water and oxygen.
B. Sugar and light.
C. Sugar and oxygen.
D. Fruit and water.
4. What is Paragraph 4 mainly about?
A. The importance of plants.
B. The common points of plants.
C. The shapes of plants.
D. The colours of plants.
5. 创新考法 情节推断 What will the writer talk about next?
A. Where plants can be found.
B. Why plants are everywhere.
C. Which plants animals like best.
D. How environmental factors influence plants.
答案
1. D 推理判断题。根据“You can find plants almost everywhere...there are about 400,000 kinds of plants.”可知,第一段介绍植物的广泛分布和多样性,引出下文对植物这个主题的介绍。
2. A 图片选择题。根据“Plants use photosynthesis to make their own food, and that means they use sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide to produce food(sugar) and oxygen.”可知,植物利用阳光、水和二氧化碳来产生食物(糖分)和氧气。
3. C 细节理解题。根据“so they need plants(or other animals which eat plants) to get the sugar to live. They also need oxygen to breathe.”可知,动物需要植物来获取糖分和氧气。
4. B 段落大意题。第一句是本段主旨句,根据“Plants have something in common.”可知,本段介绍植物的相似之处。
5. D 情节推断题。根据“Light, temperature and water can influence the plant's growth. It's important to know how they influence the plant's growth.”可知,最后一段指出光照、温度和水分会影响植物生长,所以接下来作者会讨论环境因素对植物的影响。
2. A 图片选择题。根据“Plants use photosynthesis to make their own food, and that means they use sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide to produce food(sugar) and oxygen.”可知,植物利用阳光、水和二氧化碳来产生食物(糖分)和氧气。
3. C 细节理解题。根据“so they need plants(or other animals which eat plants) to get the sugar to live. They also need oxygen to breathe.”可知,动物需要植物来获取糖分和氧气。
4. B 段落大意题。第一句是本段主旨句,根据“Plants have something in common.”可知,本段介绍植物的相似之处。
5. D 情节推断题。根据“Light, temperature and water can influence the plant's growth. It's important to know how they influence the plant's growth.”可知,最后一段指出光照、温度和水分会影响植物生长,所以接下来作者会讨论环境因素对植物的影响。
解析
【分析】
首先梳理各题解题思路：1. 第1题是推理判断题，需分析第一段写作目的，第一段介绍植物分布与种类，核心是引出植物相关主题，而非单纯介绍种类/历史；2. 第2题是图片选择题，需结合光合作用定义（利用阳光、水、二氧化碳产糖和氧气）匹配对应图片；3. 第3题是细节理解题，定位文中动物从植物获取的物质相关语句即可；4. 第4题是段落大意题，找第四段主旨句判断核心内容；5. 第5题是情节推断题，根据最后一段提及的环境因素对植物生长的影响，推断后续内容。
【解析】
1. 推理判断题：第一段介绍植物的广泛分布和种类多样性，目的是引出下文对植物的相关介绍，并非单纯介绍植物种类、历史或表达欣赏，因此选D。
2. 图片选择题：根据文中“Plants use photosynthesis to make their own food, and that means they use sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide to produce food (sugar) and oxygen”，图A展示了植物利用阳光、CO₂、水产生氧气的过程，符合光合作用的定义，因此选A。
3. 细节理解题：文中明确指出动物需要植物获取糖来生存，还需要氧气呼吸，因此动物从植物得到糖和氧气，选C。
4. 段落大意题：第四段首句“Plants have something in common”是主旨句，整段围绕植物的共同特征展开，因此选B。
5. 情节推断题：最后一段提到光照、温度、水分等环境因素会影响植物生长，因此作者接下来会讨论这些环境因素如何影响植物，选D。
【答案】
1.D 2.A 3.C 4.B 5.D
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、推理判断、生物光合作用
【点评】
本题为跨学科英语阅读理解题，结合生物光合作用知识，考查了推理判断、细节理解、段落大意、图片选择、情节推断等多种阅读题型，既要求掌握英语阅读解题技巧，也需结合生物常识，难度适中，能考查学生综合能力。
【难度系数】
0.6
首先梳理各题解题思路：1. 第1题是推理判断题，需分析第一段写作目的，第一段介绍植物分布与种类，核心是引出植物相关主题，而非单纯介绍种类/历史；2. 第2题是图片选择题，需结合光合作用定义（利用阳光、水、二氧化碳产糖和氧气）匹配对应图片；3. 第3题是细节理解题，定位文中动物从植物获取的物质相关语句即可；4. 第4题是段落大意题，找第四段主旨句判断核心内容；5. 第5题是情节推断题，根据最后一段提及的环境因素对植物生长的影响，推断后续内容。
【解析】
1. 推理判断题：第一段介绍植物的广泛分布和种类多样性，目的是引出下文对植物的相关介绍，并非单纯介绍植物种类、历史或表达欣赏，因此选D。
2. 图片选择题：根据文中“Plants use photosynthesis to make their own food, and that means they use sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide to produce food (sugar) and oxygen”，图A展示了植物利用阳光、CO₂、水产生氧气的过程，符合光合作用的定义，因此选A。
3. 细节理解题：文中明确指出动物需要植物获取糖来生存，还需要氧气呼吸，因此动物从植物得到糖和氧气，选C。
4. 段落大意题：第四段首句“Plants have something in common”是主旨句，整段围绕植物的共同特征展开，因此选B。
5. 情节推断题：最后一段提到光照、温度、水分等环境因素会影响植物生长，因此作者接下来会讨论这些环境因素如何影响植物，选D。
【答案】
1.D 2.A 3.C 4.B 5.D
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、推理判断、生物光合作用
【点评】
本题为跨学科英语阅读理解题，结合生物光合作用知识，考查了推理判断、细节理解、段落大意、图片选择、情节推断等多种阅读题型，既要求掌握英语阅读解题技巧，也需结合生物常识，难度适中，能考查学生综合能力。
【难度系数】
0.6
