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Ⅵ. 阅读与回答问题
根据短文内容，回答下列问题。
新素材 呼吸式机械臂 Did you find it hard to do something because two arms just weren't enough? If so, you might be interested in a new device, a robotic arm. You can wear this robotic arm in the middle of the chest and control it through the muscle you use to breathe. It can move above your shoulders or to your side, depending on what you want to do, says engineer Giulia Domi from the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology. The arm is designed to be used as an extra arm.
It's difficult to control the extra arm while still using your real arms. That's why Domi's team made it breath-controlled. Taking a deep breath tells the arm to extend, while breathing out deeply pulls it back. Breathing normally keeps the arm in place.
Before building the real robotic arm, Domi's team first made one in virtual reality(虚拟现实), or VR. The team found that people seemed to naturally learn to control the virtual arm. The researchers then built a real robotic arm to work like the virtual one had done. Participants who had learned to use the extra virtual arm had a success rate of about 90% using the real one. So it is easy for people to learn to use it.
The extra robotic arms could help people to do extra things. For example, workers could use them to control machinery for risky jobs more easily. Doctors could use the extra arms for surgeries(外科手术). Also, they could be helpful for disabled people or people recovering from accidents or strokes.
However, there is still room for improvement. Although people could use the robotic arm in everyday tasks, they are as expensive as some devices like the VR glasses. Early tests showed that people could look around and talk while using the extra arm. But it's still not clear how well people can control their two natural arms along with an extra robotic one. "When you add something new, it's uncertain how much the brain can do with that," says Jacob George from the University of Utah's robotics centre.
1. Where do people wear this robotic arm?
2. Why did Domi's team design the robotic arm to be breath-controlled?
3. What did Domi's team do before building the real robotic arm?
4. 新考法 开放性试题 What do you think of the robotic arm? Why do you think so? (Give 2 reasons.)
根据短文内容，回答下列问题。
新素材 呼吸式机械臂 Did you find it hard to do something because two arms just weren't enough? If so, you might be interested in a new device, a robotic arm. You can wear this robotic arm in the middle of the chest and control it through the muscle you use to breathe. It can move above your shoulders or to your side, depending on what you want to do, says engineer Giulia Domi from the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology. The arm is designed to be used as an extra arm.
It's difficult to control the extra arm while still using your real arms. That's why Domi's team made it breath-controlled. Taking a deep breath tells the arm to extend, while breathing out deeply pulls it back. Breathing normally keeps the arm in place.
Before building the real robotic arm, Domi's team first made one in virtual reality(虚拟现实), or VR. The team found that people seemed to naturally learn to control the virtual arm. The researchers then built a real robotic arm to work like the virtual one had done. Participants who had learned to use the extra virtual arm had a success rate of about 90% using the real one. So it is easy for people to learn to use it.
The extra robotic arms could help people to do extra things. For example, workers could use them to control machinery for risky jobs more easily. Doctors could use the extra arms for surgeries(外科手术). Also, they could be helpful for disabled people or people recovering from accidents or strokes.
However, there is still room for improvement. Although people could use the robotic arm in everyday tasks, they are as expensive as some devices like the VR glasses. Early tests showed that people could look around and talk while using the extra arm. But it's still not clear how well people can control their two natural arms along with an extra robotic one. "When you add something new, it's uncertain how much the brain can do with that," says Jacob George from the University of Utah's robotics centre.
1. Where do people wear this robotic arm?
People wear it in the middle of the chest.
2. Why did Domi's team design the robotic arm to be breath-controlled?
Because it's difficult to control the extra arm while still using real arms.
3. What did Domi's team do before building the real robotic arm?
They first made one in virtual reality.
4. 新考法 开放性试题 What do you think of the robotic arm? Why do you think so? (Give 2 reasons.)
I think it's useful and creative. First, it can help people do extra things, like helping workers with risky jobs. Second, it's easy to learn to use because people can control it naturally after VR practice.
答案
Ⅵ.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一款创新的、由呼吸控制的额外机器臂,包括它的工作原理、研发过程、潜在用途以及面临的挑战。
1. People wear it in the middle of the chest. 解析:根据第一段“You can wear this robotic arm in the middle of the chest”可知,人们可以将机器臂佩戴在胸部中央。
2. Because it's difficult to control the extra arm while still using real arms. 解析:根据第二段“It's difficult to control the extra arm while still using your real arms. That's why Domi's team made it breath-controlled.”可知,设计成呼吸控制是为了解决人们在用双手的同时难以控制额外手臂的问题。
3. They first made one in virtual reality. 解析:根据第三段“Before building the real robotic arm, Domi's team first made one in virtual reality ...”可知,在研究团队制造真实的机器臂之前,他们先在虚拟现实中制造了一个。
4. 开放性试题,答案不唯一,言之有理即可。故答案为:I think it's useful and creative. First, it can help people do extra things, like helping workers with risky jobs. Second, it's easy to learn to use because people can control it naturally after VR practice.
1. People wear it in the middle of the chest. 解析:根据第一段“You can wear this robotic arm in the middle of the chest”可知,人们可以将机器臂佩戴在胸部中央。
2. Because it's difficult to control the extra arm while still using real arms. 解析:根据第二段“It's difficult to control the extra arm while still using your real arms. That's why Domi's team made it breath-controlled.”可知,设计成呼吸控制是为了解决人们在用双手的同时难以控制额外手臂的问题。
3. They first made one in virtual reality. 解析:根据第三段“Before building the real robotic arm, Domi's team first made one in virtual reality ...”可知,在研究团队制造真实的机器臂之前,他们先在虚拟现实中制造了一个。
4. 开放性试题,答案不唯一,言之有理即可。故答案为:I think it's useful and creative. First, it can help people do extra things, like helping workers with risky jobs. Second, it's easy to learn to use because people can control it naturally after VR practice.
解析
【分析】
本题为说明文阅读理解题，前3道为细节理解题，解题思路是带着问题中的关键词回原文对应段落定位，找到相关句子后提取准确答案；第4道为开放性试题，需结合文本中提到的机械臂的优点（如用途广泛、易学习等），给出2个合理理由，观点需贴合原文内容。
【解析】
1. 问题问机械臂的佩戴位置，定位第一段关键句“You can wear this robotic arm in the middle of the chest”，直接提取答案；
2. 问题问设计成呼吸控制的原因，定位第二段关键句“It's difficult to control the extra arm while still using your real arms. That's why Domi's team made it breath-controlled”，提取原因；
3. 问题问制造真实机械臂前的准备工作，定位第三段关键句“Before building the real robotic arm, Domi's team first made one in virtual reality”，提取内容；
4. 开放性试题，结合原文提到的机械臂可帮助完成额外任务、易学习使用等优点，组织语言给出2个合理理由，符合要求即可。
【答案】
1. People wear it in the middle of the chest.
2. Because it's difficult to control the extra arm while still using real arms.
3. They first made one in virtual reality.
4. I think it's useful and creative. First, it can help people do extra things, like helping workers with risky jobs. Second, it's easy to learn to use because people can control it naturally after VR practice.
【知识点】
阅读理解细节查找、开放性试题解答、说明文阅读
【点评】
本题围绕呼吸式机械臂展开，前3题聚焦文本细节信息提取，考查学生快速定位关键信息的能力；第4题侧重结合文本的观点表达，难度适中，能有效考查学生的阅读理解与语言运用能力。
【难度系数】
0.6
本题为说明文阅读理解题，前3道为细节理解题，解题思路是带着问题中的关键词回原文对应段落定位，找到相关句子后提取准确答案；第4道为开放性试题，需结合文本中提到的机械臂的优点（如用途广泛、易学习等），给出2个合理理由，观点需贴合原文内容。
【解析】
1. 问题问机械臂的佩戴位置，定位第一段关键句“You can wear this robotic arm in the middle of the chest”，直接提取答案；
2. 问题问设计成呼吸控制的原因，定位第二段关键句“It's difficult to control the extra arm while still using your real arms. That's why Domi's team made it breath-controlled”，提取原因；
3. 问题问制造真实机械臂前的准备工作，定位第三段关键句“Before building the real robotic arm, Domi's team first made one in virtual reality”，提取内容；
4. 开放性试题，结合原文提到的机械臂可帮助完成额外任务、易学习使用等优点，组织语言给出2个合理理由，符合要求即可。
【答案】
1. People wear it in the middle of the chest.
2. Because it's difficult to control the extra arm while still using real arms.
3. They first made one in virtual reality.
4. I think it's useful and creative. First, it can help people do extra things, like helping workers with risky jobs. Second, it's easy to learn to use because people can control it naturally after VR practice.
【知识点】
阅读理解细节查找、开放性试题解答、说明文阅读
【点评】
本题围绕呼吸式机械臂展开，前3题聚焦文本细节信息提取，考查学生快速定位关键信息的能力；第4题侧重结合文本的观点表达，难度适中，能有效考查学生的阅读理解与语言运用能力。
【难度系数】
0.6
