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D(2024·江苏徐州三模)
Pillows have been used in China for thousands of years. It is interesting to explore what ancient Chinese people used as pillows. Let's discover more.
According to historical records, the development of pillows in China can be understood through different materials such as stone, wood, bamboo, copper, cotton and silk. Stone and wooden pillows appeared the earliest in history.
The earliest pillow discovered in China is a wooden one from a Chu state tomb, in the Warring States Period, in Jiangling of Hubei Province. It has simple decorations.
Silk pillows appeared in the Western Han dynasty. From the Warring States Period on, hard and soft pillows became the two main types of sleeping aids.
Porcelain(瓷) pillows were the most widely used in ancient China. They were first produced in the Sui dynasty, became popular in the Tang dynasty, and experienced a flourishing period in the Song dynasty. In the Song dynasty, the production of porcelain pillow reached a high level. There is a famous porcelain pillow made in the ding kiln(定窑) during the Northern Song dynasty. The pillow is shaped like a baby lying in a prone(俯卧的) position on the bed. It is completely covered with white glaze, displaying a slightly yellow colour and a smooth texture. As one of the representative works of that period, the pillow is housed in the Palace Museum in Beijing now.
During the Ming and Qing dynasties, porcelain pillows became less and less popular, gradually giving way to the preference for softer pillows. Various materials such as cloth, cotton and leather were used. Some cloth pillows were decorated with embroidered(刺绣的) patterns on the surface.
Today, Chinese pillows continue to be made with great care, combining traditional designs with modern materials, to make sure a comfortable sleeping experience.
注:每题答案不超过6个词。
1. What were the earliest pillows made of according to historical records?
2. What pillows were the most widely used in ancient China?
3. When did porcelain pillow production reach a high level?
4. During the Ming and Qing dynasties, did people prefer hard pillows or soft ones?
5. Please give the best title for the passage.
Pillows have been used in China for thousands of years. It is interesting to explore what ancient Chinese people used as pillows. Let's discover more.
According to historical records, the development of pillows in China can be understood through different materials such as stone, wood, bamboo, copper, cotton and silk. Stone and wooden pillows appeared the earliest in history.
The earliest pillow discovered in China is a wooden one from a Chu state tomb, in the Warring States Period, in Jiangling of Hubei Province. It has simple decorations.
Silk pillows appeared in the Western Han dynasty. From the Warring States Period on, hard and soft pillows became the two main types of sleeping aids.
Porcelain(瓷) pillows were the most widely used in ancient China. They were first produced in the Sui dynasty, became popular in the Tang dynasty, and experienced a flourishing period in the Song dynasty. In the Song dynasty, the production of porcelain pillow reached a high level. There is a famous porcelain pillow made in the ding kiln(定窑) during the Northern Song dynasty. The pillow is shaped like a baby lying in a prone(俯卧的) position on the bed. It is completely covered with white glaze, displaying a slightly yellow colour and a smooth texture. As one of the representative works of that period, the pillow is housed in the Palace Museum in Beijing now.
During the Ming and Qing dynasties, porcelain pillows became less and less popular, gradually giving way to the preference for softer pillows. Various materials such as cloth, cotton and leather were used. Some cloth pillows were decorated with embroidered(刺绣的) patterns on the surface.
Today, Chinese pillows continue to be made with great care, combining traditional designs with modern materials, to make sure a comfortable sleeping experience.
注:每题答案不超过6个词。
1. What were the earliest pillows made of according to historical records?
Stone and wood.
2. What pillows were the most widely used in ancient China?
Porcelain pillows.
3. When did porcelain pillow production reach a high level?
In the Song dynasty.
4. During the Ming and Qing dynasties, did people prefer hard pillows or soft ones?
Soft ones. /Soft pillows.
5. Please give the best title for the passage.
The development of pillows
答案
1. Stone and wood.
2. Porcelain pillows.
3. In the Song dynasty.
4. Soft ones. /Soft pillows.
5. The development of pillows
2. Porcelain pillows.
3. In the Song dynasty.
4. Soft ones. /Soft pillows.
5. The development of pillows
解析
【分析】
这是一篇介绍中国枕头发展的说明文阅读，解题时首先明确题干要求答案不超过6个词，优先用题干核心关键词回原文定位：1. 第一题抓取关键词the earliest pillows，查找对应材质描述；2. 第二题抓取the most widely used in ancient China定位对应枕头类型；3. 第三题抓取porcelain pillow production reach a high level定位对应时间；4. 第四题抓取Ming and Qing dynasties定位当时人们的枕头偏好；5. 最后一题梳理全文脉络，全文按时间顺序介绍中国枕头的演变历程，提炼出贴合内容且符合字数要求的标题即可。
【解析】
1. 定位原文第二段最后一句"Stone and wooden pillows appeared the earliest in history"，可知最早的枕头材质为石头和木头，表述符合字数要求。
2. 定位原文第五段第一句"Porcelain(瓷) pillows were the most widely used in ancient China"，直接提取对应答案即可。
3. 定位原文第五段"In the Song dynasty, the production of porcelain pillow reached a high level"，提取对应时间信息。
4. 定位原文第六段"During the Ming and Qing dynasties, porcelain pillows became less and less popular, gradually giving way to the preference for softer pillows"，可知当时人们更偏好软枕头。
5. 全文按时间线介绍了从古代到现代中国枕头的材质、类型演变，核心主题是枕头的发展，提炼出对应标题。
【答案】
1. Stone and wood.
2. Porcelain pillows.
3. In the Song dynasty.
4. Soft ones. /Soft pillows.
5. The development of pillows
【知识点】
细节信息定位，主旨大意归纳，说明文阅读
【点评】
本题整体难度偏低，绝大多数题目都可以直接在原文中找到对应原句提取答案，仅最后一题需要简单梳理全文核心脉络，解题时注意严格遵守题干给出的"答案不超过6个词"的要求，避免冗余表述即可顺利得分。
【难度系数】
0.8
这是一篇介绍中国枕头发展的说明文阅读，解题时首先明确题干要求答案不超过6个词，优先用题干核心关键词回原文定位：1. 第一题抓取关键词the earliest pillows，查找对应材质描述；2. 第二题抓取the most widely used in ancient China定位对应枕头类型；3. 第三题抓取porcelain pillow production reach a high level定位对应时间；4. 第四题抓取Ming and Qing dynasties定位当时人们的枕头偏好；5. 最后一题梳理全文脉络，全文按时间顺序介绍中国枕头的演变历程，提炼出贴合内容且符合字数要求的标题即可。
【解析】
1. 定位原文第二段最后一句"Stone and wooden pillows appeared the earliest in history"，可知最早的枕头材质为石头和木头，表述符合字数要求。
2. 定位原文第五段第一句"Porcelain(瓷) pillows were the most widely used in ancient China"，直接提取对应答案即可。
3. 定位原文第五段"In the Song dynasty, the production of porcelain pillow reached a high level"，提取对应时间信息。
4. 定位原文第六段"During the Ming and Qing dynasties, porcelain pillows became less and less popular, gradually giving way to the preference for softer pillows"，可知当时人们更偏好软枕头。
5. 全文按时间线介绍了从古代到现代中国枕头的材质、类型演变，核心主题是枕头的发展，提炼出对应标题。
【答案】
1. Stone and wood.
2. Porcelain pillows.
3. In the Song dynasty.
4. Soft ones. /Soft pillows.
5. The development of pillows
【知识点】
细节信息定位，主旨大意归纳，说明文阅读
【点评】
本题整体难度偏低，绝大多数题目都可以直接在原文中找到对应原句提取答案，仅最后一题需要简单梳理全文核心脉络，解题时注意严格遵守题干给出的"答案不超过6个词"的要求，避免冗余表述即可顺利得分。
【难度系数】
0.8
