体裁:说明文 题材:世界与环境 词数:268 难度:★★★ 建议用时:7 分钟
You might not think much about where your garbage goes. But now you might want to know. On 1 July, Shanghai introduced a garbage-sorting policy (垃圾分类政策). People there should put different kinds of garbage into different bins. Other cities in China did the same then.
Garbage sorting is a big problem because there is too much garbage these days. It is bad for our environment. In fact, we can make use of some garbage again. But first, we need to sort it.
For example, if you put an old battery (电池) into the "harmful waste" bin, people can use it to make new batteries. But if you don't, the battery will end up somewhere else. Then, it will pollute the environment.
Garbage sorting and recycling around the world
Germany: There are big machines in supermarkets. You can put bottles in the machines and get money back.
Japan: A truck playing music comes to people's doors to pick up their garbage. There are eight or more kinds of garbage. If you sort any of them wrong, you will get a notice on your door.
Indonesia: People can take buses for free if they give plastic bottles. An hour-long bus ride costs three large bottles.
Four kinds of garbage in Shanghai
Recyclable garbage includes paper, books, plastic items, and glass bottles. Harmful garbage includes lamps, batteries, and other things with harmful chemicals (化学品). Wet garbage usually comes from the kitchen, such as fruit and vegetables. Dry garbage is anything you cannot put into the other three bins, pens and towels, for example.
()1. What can we learn from Paragraph 1?
A. Many countries take Shanghai's garbage-sorting policy.
B. Many cities in China had garbage-sorting policies before Shanghai.
C. Shanghai is the first city in China to make a garbage-sorting policy.
D. China is the first country in the world to make a garbage-sorting policy.
()2. The writer gives the "battery" example to tell us .
A. how to sort our garbage
B. how important garbage sorting is
C. how harmful waste is
D. how difficult garbage sorting is
()3. 新考法图示理解 Which bin should old newspapers go to?

()4. Which is the best title for the passage?
A. Different Countries, Different Policies
B. Less Garbage, Cleaner Environment
C. Clean Shanghai, Beautiful China
D. Sort Garbage, Save the Earth

刷能力
阅读选择·语篇导读 文章介绍了垃圾分类的原因、世界上部分国家垃圾分类和回收的政策以及上海对垃圾的分类。
快速对答案 1—4 C B A D
1. C 细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知,上海是中国第一个制定垃圾分类政策的城市。
2. B 推理判断题。根据第二、三段的内容可知,作者通过电池的例子来说明垃圾分类的重要性。
批注式详答与详析
3. A 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Recyclable garbage includes paper, books, plastic items, and glass bottles.”可知,报纸属于纸张,应该放在可回收垃圾的垃圾箱中。
4. D 主旨大意题。通读全文可知,文章介绍了垃圾分类的原因、世界上部分国家垃圾分类和回收的政策以及上海对垃圾的分类。故 D 项作标题最合适。

【分析】
1. 第1题是细节理解题，需定位第一段内容，明确上海是中国首个推行垃圾分类政策的城市，其他城市随后跟进，据此选出答案。
2. 第2题是推理判断题，通过电池的例子，对比分类与不分类的不同结果，体现垃圾分类的重要性，据此推断答案。
3. 第3题是图示理解题，根据最后一段说明报纸属于可回收垃圾，对应图示A的可回收垃圾箱，选出答案。
4. 第4题是主旨大意题，需通读全文，把握核心内容围绕垃圾分类展开，选出最贴合的标题。
【解析】
1. 第1题：根据第一段“On 1 July, Shanghai introduced a garbage-sorting policy... Other cities in China did the same then.”可知，上海是中国第一个制定垃圾分类政策的城市，故选C。
2. 第2题：第二段指出垃圾分类很重要，第三段用电池举例，说明分类后可再利用，不分类会污染环境，以此强调垃圾分类的重要性，故选B。
3. 第3题：根据最后一段“Recyclable garbage includes paper, books, plastic items, and glass bottles.”可知，旧报纸属于可回收垃圾，对应图示A（Recyclable waste），故选A。
4. 第4题：全文围绕垃圾分类的原因、各国政策及上海的分类标准展开，核心是倡导垃圾分类，对应标题“Sort Garbage, Save the Earth”，故选D。
【答案】
1. C 2. B 3. A 4. D
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、细节理解、推理判断、主旨大意
【点评】
本文是一篇关于垃圾分类的说明文，贴近生活热点，题目设置涵盖细节理解、推理判断、主旨大意及图示理解，考查学生的语篇信息提取与逻辑推理能力，难度适中，有助于学生了解垃圾分类的重要性及相关知识。
【难度系数】
0.6