一、(2024 苏州期末)完形填空。
新素养·行为导向
建议用时：8 分钟
难度：★★★★☆
Little Mary was a lovely and beautiful girl, but she had one 1 habit. If you asked her to do anything, she would say, “In a 2 .” If her mother said, “Mary, bring me the coat.”, she would say, “Yes, Mother, in a minute.” And even if (即使) her father called her for a ride (兜风), it was not 3 . Mary 4 did the things at once.
One day Mary’s bird flew about in the room. Someone went out and left the 5 open.
“Close the door, my dear,” said Mother.
“Yes, Mother, in a minute. I only want to 6 the story,” said Mary.
7 the cat did not wait. It jumped in and had the bird in its 8 . Mary ran after the cat, and the book went on the floor. Soon poor Mary came back with the 9 bird in her hands. Mary and her mother were both sad.
“My dear little girl, you see that many things may happen in a minute,” said Mother.
It was a sad 10 for Mary, but it was one she would not forget.
()1. A. funny
B. bad
C. good
D. new
()2. A. second
B. day
C. minute
D. year
()3. A. important
B. difficult
C. interesting
D. different
()4. A. always
B. usually
C. sometimes
D. never
()5. A. door
B. house
C. room
D. window
()6. A. write
B. know
C. read
D. learn
()7. A. So
B. But
C. Because
D. And
()8. A. arm
B. foot
C. hand
D. mouth
()9. A. happy
B. excited
C. dead
D. sad
()10. A. week
B. month
C. year
D. day

1. B 2. C 3. D 4. D 5. A 6. C 7. B 8. D 9. C 10. D

【分析】
做完形填空首先要先通读全文，理清故事整体脉络：本文讲述了小女孩Mary有凡事都要等“一分钟”再做的拖延坏习惯，最终因为没有及时关门导致自己的宠物鸟被猫叼走，得到了深刻教训的故事。解题时不需要急于逐个选答案，先抓住核心线索“Mary总爱说等一分钟”，再逐空对应上下文的提示信息，比如后文出现的原句复现、前后句的逻辑关系、生活常识等，逐一匹配最符合语境的选项，避免脱离全文语境孤立选词。
【解析】
1. 根据后文描述Mary不管别人让她做什么都要拖延一会儿才行动，这是个不好的坏习惯，因此选B. bad。
2. 后文多处出现Mary的回答"in a minute"的原句复现，对应此处她总爱说“等一分钟”，因此选C. minute。
3. 前文提到Mary对所有要求都要回应等一分钟，哪怕是爸爸叫她去兜风，情况也没有什么不同，她还是要拖延，因此选D. different。
4. 结合前文Mary事事都要等一分钟的表现，可知她从来不会立刻去做事情，因此选D. never。
5. 后文妈妈直接对Mary说"Close the door"，对应前文有人出门之后没有把门关上，因此选A. door。
6. 后文提到Mary追猫的时候书掉到了地上，说明当时Mary正捧着书读故事，因此选C. read。
7. 前一句Mary说想要等读完故事再关门，后一句说猫根本不等，前后是转折逻辑关系，因此选B. But。
8. 根据生活常识，猫抓住小鸟之后，会把鸟叼在嘴里，因此选D. mouth。
9. 小鸟被猫叼住之后已经死亡，所以Mary和妈妈都非常难过，因此选C. dead。
10. 整个事件都发生在同一天里，对Mary来说这是非常难过的一天，也是她永远不会忘记的经历，因此选D. day。
【答案】
1.B 2.C 3.D 4.D 5.A 6.C 7.B 8.D 9.C 10.D
【知识点】
完形语境推理，词义辨析，固定短语
【点评】
本题属于故事类完形填空，情节简单易懂，还融入了“拒绝拖延”的行为导向素养，多数题目都有明确的上下文线索提示，学生解题时要注意利用原句复现、前后呼应的逻辑判断选项，不要仅凭单句的语感盲目选择，同时也能从故事中得到做事不拖沓的启发。
【难度系数】
0.6

二、阅读短文，选择最佳选项。
新素养·价值导向
建议用时：9 分钟
难度：★★★★★
①We all want to have nice neighbours because most of us think that it is helpful to live with some good neighbours. But what kinds of neighbours are good? The answers are different from people to people. Here are my answers.
②First, it is very important to respect (尊重) each other. If our neighbours try to know more about our lives, how will we feel? He or she may also talk with others about our lives. Do you want to live with him or her anymore? The answer is “No”. We will feel very annoyed to have this kind of neighbours and move away quickly.
③Next, a good neighbour is always ready to give us a hand when we need him or her. For example, if we are not at home, our good neighbours will help watch the house for us.
④Finally, a good neighbour should love the environment. He or she who never throws rubbish everywhere can make us feel comfortable and happy.
⑤I think we all should learn to be good neighbours, and I hope everyone can have good neighbours and live a happy life.
()1. The writer thinks having nice neighbours is for people’s lives.
A. difficult
B. helpful
C. different
D. interesting
()2. The underlined word “annoyed” in Paragraph 2 means “”.
A. lucky
B. bored
C. unhappy
D. wonderful
()3. A good neighbour can do many things EXCEPT (除……之外) .
A. helping you
B. watching the house for you
C. respecting you
D. throwing rubbish everywhere
()4. What’s the structure (结构) of this passage?

A.
B.
C.
D.
()5. Which is the best title for the passage?
A. Learn to Be a Good Neighbour
B. Keep Our Neighbourhood Clean
C. Buy a House with Nice Neighbours
D. Get Ready to Help Your Neighbours
词汇积累：never adv. 从不
poor adj. 可怜的
comfortable adj. 舒适的

1. B 2. C 3. D 4. B 5. A

【分析】
这是一篇介绍好邻居评判标准的说明文，解题时可以按题型逐个梳理思路：
1. 细节类题目优先定位原文对应语句，直接匹配原文给出的明确表述即可选出答案；
2. 词义猜测题要结合上下文的场景描述，推导人物对应的情绪状态，排除语义明显不符的选项；
3. 细节排除题需要逐一核对每个选项是否符合文中对好邻居的正向描述，找出文中明确说明好邻居不会做出的行为；
4. 篇章结构题先梳理每一段的功能：第①段总起引出话题，第②③④段是三个并列的分论点介绍好邻居的特质，第⑤段总结全文发出呼吁，匹配对应的结构示意图即可；
5. 主旨大意题结合首尾段的核心表述，选出能覆盖全文所有内容的标题，排除只对应局部段落内容的片面选项。
【解析】
1. 定位原文第一段第一句"because most of us think that it is helpful to live with some good neighbours"，可知作者认为拥有好邻居对人们的生活是有帮助的，对应选项B。
2. 第二段描述邻居过度打探我们的隐私，还对外传播我们的生活信息，这类行为会让我们感到不快，划线词annoyed意为恼怒的、不高兴的，和选项C的unhappy（不开心的）语义匹配，A幸运的、B无聊的、D极好的都不符合语境。
3. 根据第四段"a good neighbour should love the environment. He or she who never throws rubbish everywhere"，可知好邻居不会到处乱扔垃圾，D选项是好邻居不会做的行为，其余A乐于助人、B帮忙看房、C尊重他人都是文中明确提到的好邻居的特质。
4. 梳理段落功能：①段是总起段，提出要介绍好邻居的评判标准；②③④是三个并列的分述段落，分别从尊重他人、乐于助人、爱护环境三个维度介绍好邻居的特点；⑤段是总结段，收束全文并呼吁大家都做合格的好邻居，该逻辑完全对应选项B的结构。
5. 全文围绕“什么样的邻居是好邻居”展开，最后一段点明核心观点"we all should learn to be good neighbours"，A选项最贴合全文主旨；B仅对应爱护环境的局部内容，C文中未提及相关表述，D仅对应乐于助人的局部内容，三个选项都过于片面。
【答案】
1. B 2. C 3. D 4. B 5. A
【知识点】
细节信息查找，词义猜测，篇章结构分析
【点评】
本篇阅读贴合日常生活场景，渗透了构建和谐邻里关系的正向价值导向，覆盖了初中英语阅读的核心常考题型，既考察学生精准定位原文信息的基础能力，也考察学生对文本整体逻辑和主旨的归纳能力，引导学生在生活中践行文明友善的邻里相处准则。
【难度系数】
0.6