time and start with morning chores. Then they exercise for about two hours in a special gym. This is important because without gravity, muscles can get weak quickly. They use machines that pull on their bodies to simulate (模拟) weightlifting.
After exercise, it's time for breakfast. Space food has come a long way. Astronauts can now enjoy meals like beef stew, seafood pasta, and even ice cream! But they have to be careful not to let food float away. Everything is served in special packages. They also have to drink water from bags with straws.
The main part of the day is spent doing experiments in the lab. They might study how plants grow in space or test new materials. They also communicate with scientists on Earth, sending data and receiving instructions. Sometimes they have to repair equipment or fix something that was broken by mistake.
In the evening, they have some free time. They can look out the window at Earth, read books, or video call their families. But they cannot afford to stay up late because tomorrow is another busy day. At night, they sleep in sleeping bags attached to the wall to avoid floating around.
Life in space is challenging, but also full of wonder. Every day, astronauts learn something new about our universe. And that makes all the effort worthwhile.
1. Why do astronauts exercise every day?
A. To lose weight.
B. To pass the time.
C. To keep their muscles strong.
D. To prepare for spacewalks.
2. Which statement is TURE about astronauts' eating in space?
A. They cannot eat hot food.
B. They only drink liquid food.
C. They eat normal food at a table.
D. They use special packages to prevent floating.
3. What do astronauts do in the evening?
A. Repair equipment.
B. Send data to Earth.
C. Perform experiments.
D. Talk with their families.
4. What can we learn from the passage?
A. Astronauts have an easy and relaxing life.
B. Astronauts never get to see their families.
C. Space food is exactly the same as on Earth.
D. Space life requires careful planning and hard work.
5. What is the best title of the passage?
A. Delicious Food in Space
B. The History of Space Travel
C. The Way of Exercising in Space
D. A Day in the Life of an Astronaut

1. C 2. D 3. D 4. D 5. D

【分析】
做本题需先通读全文把握宇航员太空生活的整体内容，再针对每道题的题干关键词，回原文定位对应段落，将选项与原文信息逐一比对，排除错误选项后选出正确答案。具体来说：第1题定位锻炼的原因，第2题定位太空饮食的注意事项，第3题定位宇航员晚上的活动，第4题结合全文及最后一段归纳太空生活的特点，第5题归纳全文核心内容确定标题。
【解析】
1. 解析：根据第一段“This is important because without gravity, muscles can get weak quickly.”可知，宇航员锻炼是为了防止肌肉变弱，即保持肌肉强壮，对应选项C。
2. 解析：根据第二段“But they have to be careful not to let food float away. Everything is served in special packages.”可知，宇航员用特殊包装盛放食物以防止漂浮，对应选项D。
3. 解析：根据第四段“In the evening, they have some free time... or video call their families.”可知，宇航员晚上会和家人通话，对应选项D。
4. 解析：根据最后一段“Life in space is challenging... makes all the effort worthwhile”及全文内容可知，太空生活需要精心规划和付出努力，对应选项D。
5. 解析：全文从早晨家务、锻炼、早餐、实验到晚上活动，完整介绍了宇航员一天的生活，对应选项D。
【答案】
1. C 2. D 3. D 4. D 5. D
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、细节理解题、主旨大意题
【点评】
本文是介绍宇航员太空日常的说明文，题目侧重考查学生对文章细节信息的定位能力和对主旨内容的归纳能力，整体难度适中，需学生仔细比对原文与选项。
【难度系数】
0.6

Ⅴ. 阅读表达
阅读下面短文，简略回答问题。
Gui Haichao became the country's first payload expert（载荷专家）in space and the first Chinese civilian to go on a space flight. He went into space in the Shenzhou-16 together with Jing Haipeng and Zhu Yangzhu. They set out for the space station from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch centre.
Gui's interest in science started when he was a child. He read a lot about space from a set of books he had at home. After finishing his studies at Beihang University, Gui went to Canada to do research and wrote many papers. Since then, he has been working at Beihang University as a teacher. In 2018, China planned to choose its third group of astronauts. Gui was chosen and went through really hard training for his body and mind. He even had to learn how to deal with high G-force during his training. Gui and his team also went to the Badain Jaran Desert in northwest China to learn living skills. They had to collect water and repair their tools in very difficult situations. During the training, Gui's shoes broke and he had to walk on the hot sand for two hours, which was very painful.
The Shenzhou-16 is the first crewed mission since China's space station entered its application and development stage（阶段）. Gui Haichao is a member of the team, and he did lots of research to help scientists learn more about space. "I'm sure we can finish the mission successfully," he said.
1. Where did the Shenzhou-16 set out from?

2. What did Gui Haichao do in Canada?

3. What was Gui Haichao before going on a space flight?

4. What difficulties did Gui Haichao face during his training? (Give two examples.)

5. How do you like Gui Haichao?

1. From the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center. 2. He went to Canada to do research and wrote many papers. 3. A teacher at Beihang University. 4. 示例：He had to learn how to deal with high G-force, and he had to collect water and repair their tools in very difficult situations. 5. 示例：He is hard-working/great/excellent/physically and mentally strong.

【分析】
解答本题需先通读短文把握大意，再针对每个问题的关键词回原文定位对应信息：1. 定位神舟十六号的出发地点；2. 定位Gui在加拿大的经历；3. 定位他进入太空前的身份；4. 定位训练中的困难事例；5. 结合人物事迹给出合理评价，注意答案需与原文信息一致，主观题需贴合人物特点。
【解析】
1. 问题问神舟十六号的出发地，定位原文第一段最后一句“They set out for the space station from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch centre.”，整理为答案；
2. 问题问Gui在加拿大的行为，定位原文第二段“After finishing his studies at Beihang University, Gui went to Canada to do research and wrote many papers.”，直接提取信息；
3. 问题问他上天前的身份，定位原文第二段“Since then, he has been working at Beihang University as a teacher.”，提取身份信息；
4. 问题问训练中的困难，定位原文第二段提到的训练内容，选取两个典型事例即可；
5. 问题问对Gui的看法，结合他刻苦训练、完成任务的事迹，给出合理评价。
【答案】
1. From the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center.
2. He went to Canada to do research and wrote many papers.
3. A teacher at Beihang University.
4. 示例：He had to learn how to deal with high G-force, and he had to collect water and repair their tools in very difficult situations.
5. 示例：He is hard-working/great/excellent/physically and mentally strong.
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、细节信息提取、观点表达
【点评】
本题为英语阅读表达题，既考查学生从原文精准定位细节信息的能力，也考查对人物的主观评价能力，整体难度适中，学生只要仔细阅读原文即可完成大部分题目，主观题需结合人物事迹合理作答。
【难度系数】
0.6