四、阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
主题群:生活与学习 子主题:学习方法 语篇类型:说明文 难度:★★
Here are four good learning habits which will help you to be a good learner. First, show an interest in what you learn. If you are interested in something, your brain is 1. (active) and it is also easier for you to pay attention to it for a long time. This is because when you have 2. (driver) for a subject, you are more motivated(积极的) to explore and understand it. For example, 3. you love history, you'll read historical books without feeling bored. Second, practise and learn from mistakes. Keep practising what you have learned and don't be afraid of 4. (make) mistakes. Instead, you should learn from them. Mistakes are like stepping stones on the path 5. success. Each mistake you make gives you a chance to grow and improve. Third, it is important 6. (develop) your study skills. You should know the 7. (good) way to learn. For example, you may review what you have learned by reading 8. (you) notes every day. 9. (four), do remember to ask questions during or after class. By asking questions, you can get a deeper understanding of the subject.
Learning is 10. lifelong journey. Everything that you learn becomes a part of you and changes you, so learn wisely and learn well.

1. more active 2. drive 3. if 4. making 5. to 6. to develop 7. best 8. your 9. Fourth 10. a

【分析】本题为围绕学习方法主题的说明文填空，需结合语境、语法规则（词性转换、比较级、固定搭配等）解题。逐空分析：1. 由“感兴趣时大脑更活跃”的比较含义，用形容词比较级；2. 需名词作have的宾语，将driver转换为表“动力”的名词；3. 引导条件状语从句，用连词；4. 介词of后接动名词；5. 考查固定搭配；6. 考查固定句型；7. 表“最好的方法”用形容词最高级；8. 修饰名词用形容词性物主代词；9. 对应前文序数词用序数词；10. 表泛指用不定冠词。
【解析】1. 考查形容词比较级：根据语境“如果你对某事感兴趣，你的大脑会更活跃”，active的比较级为more active，故填more active；2. 考查名词：此处需名词作have的宾语，driver对应的名词是drive（动力），故填drive；3. 考查连词：引导条件状语从句，意为“如果”，故填if；4. 考查非谓语动词：介词of后接动名词，make的动名词是making，故填making；5. 考查固定搭配：path to success是固定短语，意为“通往成功的路”，故填to；6. 考查固定句型：it's important to do sth是固定句型，意为“做某事很重要”，故填to develop；7. 考查形容词最高级：表示“最好的学习方法”，good的最高级是best，故填best；8. 考查物主代词：修饰名词notes，用形容词性物主代词your，故填your；9. 考查序数词：对应前文的First、Second、Third，此处用Fourth（首字母大写），故填Fourth；10. 考查冠词：lifelong以辅音音素开头，表泛指“一段旅程”，用不定冠词a，故填a。
【答案】1. more active 2. drive 3. if 4. making 5. to 6. to develop 7. best 8. your 9. Fourth 10. a
【知识点】形容词比较级与最高级、固定句型及搭配、代词与冠词用法
【点评】本题考查初中英语基础语法与词汇运用，结合语境分析即可解答，难度适中，贴合学习方法主题的语篇设计，有助于巩固基础知识点。
【难度系数】0.7

五、核心素养 学习能力 任务型阅读。
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。
主题群:生活与学习 子主题:学习策略 语篇类型:说明文 难度:★★★
We usually have to spend a lot of time learning, but the learning outcome cannot always meet what we expect. 1. Here, let's try Feynman's learning method.
As the name suggests, it was proposed by a Nobel Prize winner Richard Feynman. It is an effective way to help people learn and understand anything new. 2.
First of all, choose a concept(概念) as your learning aim. Read the material and try to understand it. 3. For example, suppose(假设) you are trying to explain the concept to a 5-year-old boy. You use simple language in order to make him fully understand it. If you have trouble explaining it clearly, then come to the third step. 4. Explain it to the boy bit by bit in your own words until he completely understands it. Finally, you should be able to answer questions about the concept. 5.
Feynman thinks that understanding is important. His learning method encourages students to think deeply and solve problems with their own understanding.
A. Next, explain it to others.
B. There are four main steps included.
C. Why can't we make big progress in a short time?
D. Look back at the material and divide it into smaller parts.
E. That is possibly because you don't have good learning methods.
F. Try to teach it to more people and be ready to answer any of their questions.

1. E 前文提到“我们通常花很多时间学习，但效果未必符合预期”，后文引出“费曼学习法”。E选项解释了学习效果不佳的原因，同时自然引出下文的学习方法。
2. B 后文用First of all、Finally等词分步骤介绍费曼学习法，B选项概括了下文的内容，起到承上启下的作用。
3. A 前文提及第一步是“选择概念并理解”，后文举例“向5岁孩子解释概念”，A选项是第二步的主题句，符合步骤的逻辑顺序。
4. D 前文提到“如果无法清晰解释，就进入第三步”，后文说“用自己的话一步步解释直到对方完全理解”，D选项是解决“解释困难”的具体方法，承接前文的问题，引出后文的操作。
5. F 前文提及最后一步是“能够回答关于概念的问题”，F选项是对最后一步的补充和延伸，符合费曼学习法“以教促学”的核心逻辑。

【分析】本题为任务型阅读的句子补全题，需结合上下文的逻辑关系（因果、顺承、举例、总分等）选择最佳选项。解题思路：1. 先通读全文，明确语篇主题是介绍费曼学习法；2. 逐个分析空白处前后句的内容，判断需填句子的功能（如解释原因、承上启下、步骤衔接、解决方法、延伸内容等）；3. 匹配选项，确保所选句子与上下文语义连贯、逻辑通顺。
【解析】1. 空白处前句提到“花很多时间学习但效果不符合预期”，后句引出“费曼学习法”，E选项“那可能是因为你没有好的学习方法”既解释了学习效果不佳的原因，又自然引出下文的学习方法，故1选E；2. 空白处后句用“First of all”“Finally”等词分步骤介绍费曼学习法，B选项“它包含四个主要步骤”起到承上启下的作用，概括了下文内容，故2选B；3. 空白处前句是第一步“选择概念并理解”，后句举例“向5岁孩子解释概念”，A选项“接下来，向他人解释”是第二步的主题句，符合步骤的顺承逻辑，故3选A；4. 空白处前句提到“如果无法清晰解释，就进入第三步”，后句说“用自己的话一步步解释直到对方完全理解”，D选项“回顾材料并分成更小的部分”是解决“解释困难”的具体方法，承接前文问题，引出后文操作，故4选D；5. 空白处前句提到最后一步“能够回答关于概念的问题”，F选项“试着教给更多人并准备好回答他们的任何问题”是对最后一步的延伸，符合费曼学习法“以教促学”的核心，故5选F。
【答案】1.E 2.B 3.A 4.D 5.F
【知识点】任务型阅读（句子补全）、语篇逻辑衔接、学习策略语篇理解
【点评】本题围绕费曼学习法展开句子补全，考查学生的语篇理解能力与逻辑推理能力，需把握上下文的因果、顺承等逻辑关系，难度适中，是典型的任务型阅读基础题型。
【难度系数】0.5