三、2024·淮安盱眙期末完形填空共15小题,每小题2分,满分30分
小小的餐桌,大大的礼仪。一起阅读下文来学习如何做一个文明的人吧!
People should have good manners in public and at home. So we
are going to 1 a talk on good table manners. The purpose of the
talk is 2 students 3 for eating.
It will take place 4 10 a.m. on 12 May in the school hall.
There will be a lot of rules 5 table manners. We hope you
will find them useful. 6, when you are sitting at the table, you
should not start eating 7 everyone is ready, and it is 8 to
make 9 noise while eating or drinking. You should not eat with
your mouth 10 or talk with food in your mouth. 11, do not
reach 12 someone's plate for something. Before you leave, wait
for everyone to finish.
These rules are important 13 we should make sure that
14 guests and hosts are 15 at the table.
()1. A. held B. hold C. have D. had
()2. A. teach B. teaching C. to teach D. taught
()3. A. rules B. habits C. ways D. advice
()4. A. in B. on C. at D. to
()5. A. in B. to C. at D. on
()6. A. All in all B. Above all C. In all D. In fact
()7. A. before B. after C. until D. when
()8. A. polite B. impolite C. politely D. impolitely
()9. A. too many B. many C. too much D. much too
()10. A. open B. opened C. close D. closed
()11. A. However B. But C. Also D. For example
()12. A. over B. above C. on D. between
()13. A. so B. because C. but D. and
()14. A. whole B. your C. all D. both
()15. A. confident B. comfortable
C. uncomfortable D. relaxed

三、【文章大意】本文主要介绍了一场关于餐桌礼仪的讲座,包
括具体安排与用餐行为规范,提醒学生在家和公共场合都应
举止得体。
1.B [解析]考查动词辨析。句意:因此我们打算举办一场关
于良好餐桌礼仪的讲座。held举行,动词过去式;hold举
行,动词原形;have有,动词原形;had有,动词过去式。根
据“... a talk on good table manners”可知,此处是指举办
一场关于餐桌礼仪的讲座,且“are going to”后接动词原形。
故选B。
2.C [解析]考查动词不定式。句意:这场讲座的目的是教学
生用餐的规则。teach教,动词原形;teaching教,动名词或
现在分词;to teach教,动词不定式;taught教,动词过去式。
根据“The purpose of the talk is”可知,此处应用动词不定
式作表语。故选C。
3.A [解析]考查名词辨析。句意:这场讲座的目的是教学
生用餐的规则。rule规则;habit习惯;way方式;advice建
议。根据“There will be a lot of rules”可知,举办讲座的目
的是教学生用餐的规则。故选A。
4.C [解析]考查介词辨析。句意:讲座将于5月12日上午
10时在学校礼堂举行。in在某年/月/季节;on在具体某一
天;at在具体时刻;to离,差。空后的“10 a.m.”为具体时
刻,前面应用介词at。故选C。
5.D [解析]考查介词辨析。句意:会有很多关于餐桌礼仪
的规则。in在……内;to向;at在;on关于。根据“There
will be a lot of rules... table manners.”可知,此处是指有
很多关于餐桌礼仪的规则。故选D。
6.B [解析]考查短语辨析。句意:最重要的是,在桌旁就座
时,要等所有人都准备好再开始吃东西……all in all总而
言之;above all最重要的是;in all总共;in fact事实上。根
据“There will be a lot of rules... table manners.”可知,此
处开始讲餐桌礼仪,above all符合语境。故选B。
7.C [解析]考查连词辨析。句意:最重要的是,在桌旁就座
时,要等所有人都准备好再开始吃东西……before在……
之前;after在……之后;until直到……为止;when当……
的时候。not... until...意为“直到……才……”,为固定
用法。故选C。
8.B [解析]考查词语辨析。句意:……吃东西或喝水时发出
太多的噪声是不礼貌的。polite有礼貌的,形容词;impolite
不礼貌的,形容词;politely有礼貌地,副词;impolitely无礼
地,副词。根据“it is...”可知,此处应用形容词作表语,结
合“make... noise while eating or drinking”可知,此处是指发
出太多的噪声是不礼貌的。故选B。
9.C [解析]考查词语辨析。句意:……吃东西或喝水时发
出太多的噪声是不礼貌的。too many太多;many许多;too
much太多;much too太。根据空后的“noise”为不可数名
→ too many和many修饰可数名词复数;too much修
饰不可数名词或动词;much too修饰形容词或副词。
词可知,应用too much修饰。故选C。
10.A [解析]考查形容词作宾补。句意:你不应该张着嘴吃
东西或嘴里含着食物说话。open张开的;opened被打开
的;close亲密的;closed关闭。根据“You should not eat
with your mouth...”可知,此处是指不应该张着嘴吃东
西。故选A。
11.C [解析]考查词语辨析。句意:另外,不要伸手越过别
人的盘子拿东西。however然而;but但是;also此外;for
example例如。根据“do not reach... someone's plate for
something”可知,此处是在补充另一条规则,also符合语
境。故选C。
12.A [解析]考查介词辨析。句意:另外,不要伸手越过别
人的盘子拿东西。over在……之上;above在……上面;
→ over指在垂直的正上方;above指
高于或位于某物上方,且两者不接触。
on在……上;between在……之间。reach over意为“伸手
过去”,为固定用法。故选A。
13.B [解析]考查连词辨析。句意:这些规则很重要,因为
我们应该确保客人和主人就餐时都很舒适。so因此;
because因为;but但是;and并且。“These rules are
important”与“we should make sure that... guests and
hosts are... at the table”存在因果关系,空格后表示原
因。故选B。
14.D [解析]考查代词辨析。句意:这些规则很重要,因为
我们应该确保客人和主人就餐时都很舒适。whole整个
的;your你的;all全部的;both两者都。both... and...意
为“……和……都”,为固定用法。故选D。
15.B [解析]考查形容词辨析。句意:这些规则很重要,因
为我们应该确保客人和主人就餐时都很舒适。confident
自信的;comfortable舒适的;uncomfortable不舒服的;
relaxed放松的。根据“guests and hosts are... at the
table”可知,此处是指客人和主人就餐时都很舒适。故
选B。

【分析】
首先通读全文，明确文章围绕一场关于餐桌礼仪的讲座展开，核心是介绍讲座的目的、时间、地点及具体的餐桌礼仪规则。解题时需结合语境，运用语法知识（如动词形式、介词搭配、固定短语）和词义辨析来逐一确定每个空的答案。具体思路：1. 先理解每个空所在句子的句意；2. 分析考点（如动词、介词、连词、短语等）；3. 结合选项含义及语法规则选出最符合语境的答案。
【解析】
1. 考查动词辨析。be going to后接动词原形，hold a talk为固定搭配，意为“举办讲座”，故选B。
2. 考查动词不定式。The purpose of...后接动词不定式作表语，表目的，故选C。
3. 考查名词辨析。根据下文“There will be a lot of rules”可知，讲座目的是教学生用餐规则，故选A。
4. 考查介词辨析。具体时刻前用介词at，故选C。
5. 考查介词辨析。表示“关于餐桌礼仪的规则”，用介词on，故选D。
6. 考查短语辨析。above all意为“最重要的是”，用于引出关键礼仪规则，符合语境，故选B。
7. 考查连词辨析。not...until...为固定搭配，意为“直到……才……”，此处指直到所有人准备好才开始吃饭，故选C。
8. 考查词语辨析。此处需形容词作表语，结合句意“吃饭时发出太多噪音是不礼貌的”，故选B。
9. 考查词语辨析。noise为不可数名词，too much修饰不可数名词，故选C。
10. 考查形容词作宾补。此处指“张着嘴吃东西”，open为形容词，作with的复合结构的宾补，故选A。
11. 考查词语辨析。also意为“此外”，用于补充另一条礼仪规则，符合语境，故选C。
12. 考查介词辨析。reach over为固定搭配，意为“伸手越过”，故选A。
13. 考查连词辨析。此处表原因，用because，故选B。
14. 考查代词辨析。both...and...为固定搭配，意为“两者都”，此处指客人和主人，故选D。
15. 考查形容词辨析。此处指“客人和主人就餐时都很舒适”，comfortable符合语境，故选B。
【答案】
1.B 2.C 3.A 4.C 5.D 6.B 7.C 8.B 9.C 10.A 11.C 12.A 13.B 14.D 15.B
【知识点】
词义辨析、固定搭配、介词用法
【点评】
本文以餐桌礼仪讲座为主题，考察学生对词汇、语法及语境的综合运用能力，难度适中，既涉及基础语法知识，也需要结合上下文理解逻辑关系，有助于学生学习餐桌礼仪，培养文明素养。
【难度系数】
0.6

四、2025·宿迁宿城区期末改编阅读理解共3小题,每小题4分,满分12分
当我们去其他国家之前了解他们的语言和风俗很有用,英国的见面握手礼就有讲究,其中还有段趣事呢!
Before you go to another country, it is a great help if you know
the language and some of the customs风俗 of the country.
When people meet each other for the first time in Britain, they
say "How do you do?" and shake hands. Usually they do not shake
hands when they just meet or say goodbye. But they shake hands
when they haven't met for a long time or when they will be away
from each other for a long time.
Last year, a group of German students went to England for a
holiday. Their teacher told them that English people hardly ever
shake hands. So when they met their English friends at the station,
they kept their hands behind their backs. The English students had
learnt that Germans shake hands as often as possible, so they put
their hands in front and got ready to shake hands with them. It
made both of them laugh.
()1. English people usually shake hands when they .
A. meet every time
B. meet for the first time
C. say goodbye to each other
D. say hello to each other
()2. Which is right?
A. German people shake hands as often as possible.
B. English people like shaking hands very much.
C. German people hardly ever shake hands.
D. Both English people and Germans don't like shaking
hands.
()3. 中考新考法 主旨归纳 This story is about .
A. hands B. languages C. customs D. countries

四、【文章大意】本文主要介绍了英国和德国关于握手的一些
风俗习惯以及一段因误会而引发的趣事。
1.B [解析]细节理解题。根据“When people meet each
other for the first time in Britain, they say 'How do you
do?' and shake hands.”可知,在英国人们第一次见面时,
他们会问好并握手。故选B。
2.A [解析]细节理解题。根据“The English students had
learnt that Germans shake hands as often as possible, so
they put their hands in front and got ready to shake hands
with them.”可知,德国人经常握手。故选A。
3.C [解析]主旨大意题。根据“Before you go to another
country, it is a great help if you know the language and
some of the customs(风俗)of the country.”可知,本文主要
介绍了一些风俗习惯。故选C。

【分析】这是一篇关于不同国家风俗习惯的英语阅读理解题，解题时需先通读全文把握主旨，再针对不同题型采用对应方法：细节理解题需根据题干关键词定位原文对应语句，比对选项得出答案；主旨大意题需结合文章主题句归纳核心内容。
【解析】1. 细节理解题：根据原文第二段“When people meet each other for the first time in Britain, they say 'How do you do?' and shake hands.”可知，英国人第一次见面时会握手，对应选项B。2. 细节理解题：根据原文第三段“The English students had learnt that Germans shake hands as often as possible...”可知，德国人经常握手，对应选项A。3. 主旨大意题：根据原文开头“Before you go to another country, it is a great help if you know the language and some of the customs of the country.”及全文内容，可知文章围绕不同国家的风俗习惯展开，对应选项C。
【答案】1.B 2.A 3.C
【知识点】英语阅读理解、细节理解题、主旨大意题
【点评】本题选取涉及英德两国握手风俗的阅读材料，考查学生细节定位与主旨归纳能力，题型贴合初中英语考纲，兼具跨文化知识普及性。
【难度系数】0.7