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2026年能力培养与测试八年级英语下册人教版第117页答案
Ⅰ. 根据句意及汉语提示完成句子。
1. We should show more respect and patience to the
elderly
(年纪较大的).
2. Thousands of fans filled the
stadium
(体育馆) to watch the final match.
3. The
owner
(主人) of the shop greeted customers with a warm smile every morning.
4. She keeps her pet parrot in a large
cage
(笼子).
5. Some
interviewers
(面试官) prefer to start the conversation with light - hearted questions.

答案

Ⅰ. 1. elderly 2. stadium 3. owner 4. cage 5. interviewers

解析

【解析】
1. “年纪较大的”对应的英文是elderly,此处作名词指代年纪较大的一类人,符合语境。
2. “体育馆”的英文是stadium,根据语境此处用单数形式即可。
3. “主人”的英文是owner,由后面的谓语动词greeted可知主语为单数,故填owner。
4. “笼子”的英文是cage,前面有不定冠词a,所以用单数形式。
5. “面试官”的英文是interviewer,前面有some修饰,所以用复数形式interviewers。
【答案】
Ⅰ. 1. elderly 2. stadium 3. owner 4. cage 5. interviewers
【知识点】
1. 汉译英词汇运用
2. 可数名词单复数变化
3. 形容词作名词用法
【点评】
本题主要考查基础英语词汇的汉译英,结合语境考查了可数名词单复数变化以及形容词作名词指代群体的用法,旨在检测学生对常见词汇的掌握和灵活运用能力。
【难度系数】
0.8
Ⅱ. 用所给词的适当形式填空。
1. The government is planning to build more
shelters
(shelter) for the homeless.
2. These touching stories inspired me
to volunteer
(volunteer) and experience the joy of giving back.
3. She
has been
(be) a teacher for many years.
4. Let's talk to one of the
volunteers
(volunteer) with the beach clean - up organization.
5. I
have picked
(pick) up three bags of bottles since our team arrived this morning.

答案

Ⅱ. 1. shelters 2. to volunteer 3. has been 4. volunteers 5. have picked

解析

【解析】
1. 空格前的more后接可数名词复数,shelter为可数名词,故填shelters。
2. 固定搭配inspire sb. to do sth.意为“激励某人做某事”,因此填to volunteer。
3. 时间状语for many years是现在完成时的标志,主语she是第三人称单数,现在完成时结构为has+过去分词,故填has been。
4. 固定结构one of + 可数名词复数,表示“……之一”,所以volunteer用复数形式volunteers。
5. since引导时间状语从句时,主句要用现在完成时,主语I对应的现在完成时结构为have+过去分词,故填have picked。
【答案】
Ⅱ. 1. shelters 2. to volunteer 3. has been 4. volunteers 5. have picked
【知识点】
可数名词复数变化、不定式固定搭配、现在完成时
【点评】
本题考查英语基础语法知识,涵盖可数名词复数、动词不定式固定搭配及现在完成时的用法,侧重对常用语法点和固定搭配的掌握,有助于巩固基础英语知识。
【难度系数】
0.8
Ⅲ. 用方框内单词或短语的适当形式完成句子。
provide donation make a difference organization offer
1. The football
organization
needs more volunteers to help clean up after matches.
2. The volunteer
provides
detailed information about the paintings because he studies art history.
3. Rose collects
donations
every week to support the animals in the shelter.
4. My friend
offered
to listen whenever I needed to talk about my worries.
5. “Even small actions can
make a difference
and protect our environment,” said the volunteer during the beach clean - up.

答案

Ⅲ. 1. organization 2. provides 3. donations 4. offered 5. make a difference

解析

【解析】
1. 句意:这个足球组织需要更多志愿者在赛后帮忙打扫。此处需填表示“组织”的名词,故填organization。
2. 主语the volunteer是第三人称单数,时态为一般现在时,结合句意“这位志愿者提供关于画作的详细信息,因为他学习艺术史”,故填provides。
3. collect后接名词,结合句意“罗斯每周收集捐款来支持收容所里的动物”,donation为可数名词,此处用复数形式donations。
4. 根据后面的needed可知时态为一般过去时,结合句意“每当我需要倾诉烦恼时,我的朋友都愿意倾听”,offer to do sth.表示“主动提出做某事”,故填offered。
5. can后接动词原形,结合句意“‘即使微小的行动也能产生影响,保护我们的环境’,志愿者在海滩清理活动中说道”,make a difference表示“有影响;起作用”,故填make a difference。
【答案】
Ⅲ. 1. organization 2. provides 3. donations 4. offered 5. make a difference
【知识点】
名词词义辨析、动词时态运用、固定短语搭配
【点评】
本题考查词汇在语境中的灵活运用,需结合句意、时态、词性及固定搭配来确定词汇的适当形式,要求学生掌握所学词汇的不同形式及常用搭配。
【难度系数】
0.6
Ⅳ. 连词成句。
1. have, you, how, a, long, volunteer, been (?)
How long have you been a volunteer?

2. did, choose, the, elderly, why, you, help, to (?)
Why did you choose to help the elderly?

3. taken, of, animals, Rose, has, care, many, for, years (.)
Rose has taken care of animals for many years.

4. show, inspiring, it's, for, us, about, to, watch, the, volunteering (.)
It's inspiring for us to watch the show about volunteering.

5. that, every, animal, love, and, special, needs, I, is, learnt (.)
I learnt that every animal is special and needs love. (答案不唯一,合理即可)

答案

Ⅳ. 1. How long have you been a volunteer? 2. Why did you choose to help the elderly? 3. Rose has taken care of animals for many years. 4. It's inspiring for us to watch the show about volunteering. 5. I learnt that every animal is special and needs love. (答案不唯一,合理即可)

解析

【解析】
1. 这是特殊疑问句,以疑问词组How long开头,后接现在完成时的一般疑问句语序have you been,最后接表语a volunteer,构成完整问句。
2. 以疑问词Why开头,后接一般过去时的一般疑问句语序did you choose,再接不定式短语to help the elderly作宾语。
3. 主语为Rose,现在完成时结构has taken care of作谓语,animals为宾语,for many years作时间状语,构成陈述句。
4. 运用It's + adj. + for sb. to do sth.的固定句型,it作形式主语,真正主语是to watch the show about volunteering,inspiring作表语。
5. 主句为I learnt,后接that引导的宾语从句,从句中every animal是主语,is special和needs love为并列的谓语部分,构成复合句。
【答案】
1. How long have you been a volunteer?
2. Why did you choose to help the elderly?
3. Rose has taken care of animals for many years.
4. It's inspiring for us to watch the show about volunteering.
5. I learnt that every animal is special and needs love.(答案不唯一,合理即可)
【知识点】
特殊疑问句构成、现在完成时用法、宾语从句结构
【点评】
本题考查英语句子语序、不同时态运用及固定句型的掌握,要求学生熟悉疑问词引导的问句结构、宾语从句语序和常用句式,提升对英语句子整体架构的构建能力。
【难度系数】
0.7