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训练5 体裁：说明文 主题：食物 难度：★★★★★ 建议用时：8 min 正确率：/5
Shanxi Province is known as the “Home of Vinegar(醋)” and is the birthplace of Chinese vinegar culture. Shanxi aged vinegar has a history of over 3,000 years.
We know sorghum(高粱) is used to make vinegar. Qingxu County in Taiyuan grows high-quality sorghum. So Qingxu County becomes famous for vinegar. In 2006, the county's vinegar-making skills were regarded as a national cultural treasure. Now it already has 81 vinegar businesses.
Making good vinegar needs careful work. Even though machines can help, the vinegar still ages in the traditional way to keep its special flavour(味道). First, the sorghum is made into small pieces, and then they are mixed with water for steaming. Second, after steaming, the materials are placed in a big cup for fermentation. Next, smoking takes place in a special oven. This is a key step of making the colour and flavour better. Poured vinegar is called “smoked vinegar”. It is the fourth step, leaching. Finally, the new vinegar is placed outside to reduce the water in the vinegar. We call it aging. That is why it's called aged vinegar.
Step 1 Steaming Step 2 Fermentation Step 3 ① Step 4 Leaching Step 5 ②
Vinegar can be used in many ways. It has a lot of advantages(优点) in our daily life. It can help lower blood sugar levels. It also makes it easier for the body to break down the food. And vinegar can clean things because of its nature.
To make vinegar better, we can do some fun things.
●We can make vinegar-flavoured candies. Kids will love them!
●We can draw pictures of vinegar on handbags. It will make the handbags look more interesting.
●We can have vinegar-tasting parties at schools. Students can taste different kinds of vinegar and learn about its history.
In recent years, the vinegar industry has been changing with the times. While keeping old traditions, it has also added exciting new flavours. The aged vinegar produced in Shanxi so far has been sent to 36 countries, including the USA, Canada, Australia and Japan.
阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题，每题答案不超过8个词。
1. How long is the history of Shanxi aged vinegar?
2. Why is Qingxu County famous for vinegar?
3. According to the third paragraph, what can be put in the blanks “ ① ” and “ ② ”?
4. What can we learn from Paragraph 4?
5. How will you better promote(推广) Shanxi aged vinegar?
Shanxi Province is known as the “Home of Vinegar(醋)” and is the birthplace of Chinese vinegar culture. Shanxi aged vinegar has a history of over 3,000 years.
We know sorghum(高粱) is used to make vinegar. Qingxu County in Taiyuan grows high-quality sorghum. So Qingxu County becomes famous for vinegar. In 2006, the county's vinegar-making skills were regarded as a national cultural treasure. Now it already has 81 vinegar businesses.
Making good vinegar needs careful work. Even though machines can help, the vinegar still ages in the traditional way to keep its special flavour(味道). First, the sorghum is made into small pieces, and then they are mixed with water for steaming. Second, after steaming, the materials are placed in a big cup for fermentation. Next, smoking takes place in a special oven. This is a key step of making the colour and flavour better. Poured vinegar is called “smoked vinegar”. It is the fourth step, leaching. Finally, the new vinegar is placed outside to reduce the water in the vinegar. We call it aging. That is why it's called aged vinegar.
Step 1 Steaming Step 2 Fermentation Step 3 ① Step 4 Leaching Step 5 ②
Vinegar can be used in many ways. It has a lot of advantages(优点) in our daily life. It can help lower blood sugar levels. It also makes it easier for the body to break down the food. And vinegar can clean things because of its nature.
To make vinegar better, we can do some fun things.
●We can make vinegar-flavoured candies. Kids will love them!
●We can draw pictures of vinegar on handbags. It will make the handbags look more interesting.
●We can have vinegar-tasting parties at schools. Students can taste different kinds of vinegar and learn about its history.
In recent years, the vinegar industry has been changing with the times. While keeping old traditions, it has also added exciting new flavours. The aged vinegar produced in Shanxi so far has been sent to 36 countries, including the USA, Canada, Australia and Japan.
阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题，每题答案不超过8个词。
1. How long is the history of Shanxi aged vinegar?
Over 3,000 years.
2. Why is Qingxu County famous for vinegar?
Because it grows high-quality sorghum.
3. According to the third paragraph, what can be put in the blanks “ ① ” and “ ② ”?
① Smoking ② Aging
4. What can we learn from Paragraph 4?
The usages and advantages of vinegar.
5. How will you better promote(推广) Shanxi aged vinegar?
Holding vinegar-tasting parties and making vinegar-related products./Introducing its advantages and culture to more people.(答案不唯一，言之有理即可)
答案
1. Over 3,000 years. 【解析】根据第一段“Shanxi aged vinegar has a history of over 3,000 years.”可知山西陈醋有3000多年的历史。
2. Because it grows high-quality sorghum. 【解析】根据第二段“Qingxu County in Taiyuan grows high-quality sorghum. So Qingxu County becomes famous for vinegar.”可知清徐县以醋闻名是因为它种植优质的高粱。
3. ① Smoking ② Aging 【解析】根据第三段“Next, smoking takes place in a special oven.”和“Finally, the new vinegar is placed outside to reduce the water in the vinegar. We call it aging.”可知第三步是熏制，第五步是陈放。
4. The usages and advantages of vinegar. 【解析】根据第四段“Vinegar can be used in many ways. It has a lot of advantages in our daily life.”可知本段主要介绍了醋的用途和优点。
5. Holding vinegar-tasting parties and making vinegar-related products./Introducing its advantages and culture to more people.(答案不唯一，言之有理即可)
2. Because it grows high-quality sorghum. 【解析】根据第二段“Qingxu County in Taiyuan grows high-quality sorghum. So Qingxu County becomes famous for vinegar.”可知清徐县以醋闻名是因为它种植优质的高粱。
3. ① Smoking ② Aging 【解析】根据第三段“Next, smoking takes place in a special oven.”和“Finally, the new vinegar is placed outside to reduce the water in the vinegar. We call it aging.”可知第三步是熏制，第五步是陈放。
4. The usages and advantages of vinegar. 【解析】根据第四段“Vinegar can be used in many ways. It has a lot of advantages in our daily life.”可知本段主要介绍了醋的用途和优点。
5. Holding vinegar-tasting parties and making vinegar-related products./Introducing its advantages and culture to more people.(答案不唯一，言之有理即可)
解析
【分析】本题为说明文阅读理解题，需根据短文内容解答5个问题。解题时先通读全文，明确各问题对应的段落，定位关键语句，提炼或整理出符合要求（不超过8个词）的答案。其中第3题需对应山西陈醋的制作步骤，从第三段提取熏制、陈放两个步骤；其余题目多为细节查找，需精准定位原文信息。
【解析】1. 定位第一段关键句“Shanxi aged vinegar has a history of over 3,000 years.”，提取答案；2. 定位第二段关键句“Qingxu County in Taiyuan grows high-quality sorghum. So Qingxu County becomes famous for vinegar.”，整理原因；3. 定位第三段制作步骤：Step3对应“Next, smoking takes place in a special oven.”，Step5对应“Finally, the new vinegar is placed outside...We call it aging.”，得出答案；4. 定位第四段首句“Vinegar can be used in many ways. It has a lot of advantages in our daily life.”，总结段落内容；5. 为开放性题目，结合短文提到的推广方式作答，合理即可。
【答案】1. Over 3,000 years. 2. Because it grows high-quality sorghum. 3. ① Smoking ② Aging 4. The usages and advantages of vinegar. 5. Holding vinegar-tasting parties and making vinegar-related products.
【知识点】说明文阅读，信息提取，细节理解
【点评】本题围绕山西陈醋的文化、制作、用途等展开，既考查学生提取短文关键信息的能力，又设置开放性问题考查思维拓展，符合初中英语阅读考查要求。
【难度系数】0.5
【解析】1. 定位第一段关键句“Shanxi aged vinegar has a history of over 3,000 years.”，提取答案；2. 定位第二段关键句“Qingxu County in Taiyuan grows high-quality sorghum. So Qingxu County becomes famous for vinegar.”，整理原因；3. 定位第三段制作步骤：Step3对应“Next, smoking takes place in a special oven.”，Step5对应“Finally, the new vinegar is placed outside...We call it aging.”，得出答案；4. 定位第四段首句“Vinegar can be used in many ways. It has a lot of advantages in our daily life.”，总结段落内容；5. 为开放性题目，结合短文提到的推广方式作答，合理即可。
【答案】1. Over 3,000 years. 2. Because it grows high-quality sorghum. 3. ① Smoking ② Aging 4. The usages and advantages of vinegar. 5. Holding vinegar-tasting parties and making vinegar-related products.
【知识点】说明文阅读，信息提取，细节理解
【点评】本题围绕山西陈醋的文化、制作、用途等展开，既考查学生提取短文关键信息的能力，又设置开放性问题考查思维拓展，符合初中英语阅读考查要求。
【难度系数】0.5
