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Ⅴ.Cloze test.完形填空。
British people are famous for apologizing in almost every situation. Whether they are apologizing for asking a question, for the bad weather
18 sneezing打喷嚏, they are probably the number one nation for apologies.
British people take pride in 19 because of their polite manners towards one another in public. As a result,they often use the word "sorry"—even when they don't really 20 it! Usually,if they want to ask a stranger for the time, they will 21 by saying "Sorry to trouble you. " If they're five minutes late
22 an appointment约会,they will 23 the person by saying "Sorry,I'm late!"
Why do British people use "sorry" so much? Well,in the British 24,saying "sorry" is a manner to be polite, 25 to people whom they don't know very well. It's also a smart way to get what they want. In a study,an actor got close to 26 strangers on a rainy day to ask if he could use their mobile phones. When he walked to a group of strangers and asked them without apologising first,he was only 9 percent successful in 27 their phones. However,when he apologised to another group of strangers about the bad weather before asking,he was 47 percent successful.
()18. A. or B. and C. unless
()19. A. themselves B. yourselves C. himself
()20. A. imagine B. mean C. bow
()21. A. stop B. leave C. start
()22. A. before B. for C. Of
()23. A. ask B. answer C. greet
()24. A. shock B. occasion C. culture
()25. A. possibly B. especially C. suddenly
()26. A. strange B. different C. relaxed
()27. A. buying B. lending C. borrowing
British people are famous for apologizing in almost every situation. Whether they are apologizing for asking a question, for the bad weather
18 sneezing打喷嚏, they are probably the number one nation for apologies.
British people take pride in 19 because of their polite manners towards one another in public. As a result,they often use the word "sorry"—even when they don't really 20 it! Usually,if they want to ask a stranger for the time, they will 21 by saying "Sorry to trouble you. " If they're five minutes late
22 an appointment约会,they will 23 the person by saying "Sorry,I'm late!"
Why do British people use "sorry" so much? Well,in the British 24,saying "sorry" is a manner to be polite, 25 to people whom they don't know very well. It's also a smart way to get what they want. In a study,an actor got close to 26 strangers on a rainy day to ask if he could use their mobile phones. When he walked to a group of strangers and asked them without apologising first,he was only 9 percent successful in 27 their phones. However,when he apologised to another group of strangers about the bad weather before asking,he was 47 percent successful.
()18. A. or B. and C. unless
()19. A. themselves B. yourselves C. himself
()20. A. imagine B. mean C. bow
()21. A. stop B. leave C. start
()22. A. before B. for C. Of
()23. A. ask B. answer C. greet
()24. A. shock B. occasion C. culture
()25. A. possibly B. especially C. suddenly
()26. A. strange B. different C. relaxed
()27. A. buying B. lending C. borrowing
答案
Ⅴ.18.A 19.A 20.B 21.C 22.B 23.C
24.C 25.B 26.B 27.C
24.C 25.B 26.B 27.C
解析
【分析】
做完形填空首先要先通读全文，抓住本文核心主旨：介绍英国人日常频繁使用“sorry”的社交文化特点。接下来逐空结合上下文逻辑、固定搭配、指代关系和词义辨析逐一筛选选项，遇到不确定的空可以先跳过，做完其余空再回头结合整体语境验证，最后把所有选项代入全文通读检查语句是否通顺、逻辑是否自洽。比如第18空看到开头的Whether就可以联想到whether...or...的固定搭配，第22空看到late和appointment直接对应be late for的常用搭配，结合这样的思路就能快速锁定正确答案。
【解析】
18. 前文出现结构Whether they are apologizing for...，表示列举多个不同的道歉场景，whether...or...是固定搭配，意为“不管是……还是……”，符合“为问问题道歉、为坏天气道歉、为打喷嚏道歉”的并列选择逻辑，选A。and无法和whether搭配，unless“除非”不符合语境。
19. 句子主语是复数的British people（英国人），句意为“英国人因为在公共场合对彼此的礼貌举止而为自己感到骄傲”，反身代词要和主语对应，用themselves，选A。yourselves“你们自己”、himself“他自己”都不符合指代逻辑。
20. 句意为“他们经常使用sorry这个词，甚至有时候他们根本不是真心觉得有错”，固定表达mean it意为“是认真的、当真”，符合句意，选B。imagine“想象”、bow“鞠躬”都不符合语境。
21. 句意为“如果他们想问陌生人时间，会以说‘抱歉打扰你’作为开场”，start by doing sth表示“以做某事作为开端”，符合问路前先致歉的场景，选C。stop“停止”、leave“离开”不符合逻辑。
22. 固定搭配be late for sth意为“做某事迟到”，这里指约会迟到，选B。before“在……之前”、of表所属都不符合搭配规则。
23. 句意为“如果约会迟到5分钟，他们和对方打招呼的时候会说‘抱歉我迟到了’”，greet意为“问候、打招呼”，符合见面致歉的场景，选C。ask“询问”、answer“回答”不符合场景逻辑。
24. 句意为“在英国文化中，说sorry是一种表达礼貌的方式”，culture“文化”契合全文介绍英国社交习惯的主题，选C。shock“震惊”、occasion“场合”不符合句意。
25. 这里是递进强调，句意为“尤其是对他们不太熟悉的人”，especially“尤其”用来突出强调特定对象，选B。possibly“可能”、suddenly“突然”不符合递进逻辑。
26. 句意为“一项研究里，演员在雨天接近不同的陌生人，询问能否借用他们的手机”，different“不同的”修饰陌生人，符合对照实验需要多组不同测试对象的设定，选B。strange“奇怪的”、relaxed“放松的”不符合实验场景。
27. 句意为“他成功借到手机的概率只有9%”，borrow表示“借入”，符合向陌生人借手机的动作指向，选C。buy“购买”不符合场景，lend是“（主语）借出给别人”，和句意相反。
【答案】
18.A 19.A 20.B 21.C 22.B 23.C 24.C 25.B 26.B 27.C
【知识点】
固定搭配辨析，语境词义辨析，西方社交文化
【点评】
本题选材贴近生活，围绕英国道歉文化的趣味主题展开，考点以初中阶段核心词汇和常用固定搭配为主，没有偏难怪的干扰项，学生只要结合上下文逻辑和日常短语积累就可以顺利完成，同时还能补充了解英国的社交礼仪小常识。
【难度系数】
0.7
做完形填空首先要先通读全文，抓住本文核心主旨：介绍英国人日常频繁使用“sorry”的社交文化特点。接下来逐空结合上下文逻辑、固定搭配、指代关系和词义辨析逐一筛选选项，遇到不确定的空可以先跳过，做完其余空再回头结合整体语境验证，最后把所有选项代入全文通读检查语句是否通顺、逻辑是否自洽。比如第18空看到开头的Whether就可以联想到whether...or...的固定搭配，第22空看到late和appointment直接对应be late for的常用搭配，结合这样的思路就能快速锁定正确答案。
【解析】
18. 前文出现结构Whether they are apologizing for...，表示列举多个不同的道歉场景，whether...or...是固定搭配，意为“不管是……还是……”，符合“为问问题道歉、为坏天气道歉、为打喷嚏道歉”的并列选择逻辑，选A。and无法和whether搭配，unless“除非”不符合语境。
19. 句子主语是复数的British people（英国人），句意为“英国人因为在公共场合对彼此的礼貌举止而为自己感到骄傲”，反身代词要和主语对应，用themselves，选A。yourselves“你们自己”、himself“他自己”都不符合指代逻辑。
20. 句意为“他们经常使用sorry这个词，甚至有时候他们根本不是真心觉得有错”，固定表达mean it意为“是认真的、当真”，符合句意，选B。imagine“想象”、bow“鞠躬”都不符合语境。
21. 句意为“如果他们想问陌生人时间，会以说‘抱歉打扰你’作为开场”，start by doing sth表示“以做某事作为开端”，符合问路前先致歉的场景，选C。stop“停止”、leave“离开”不符合逻辑。
22. 固定搭配be late for sth意为“做某事迟到”，这里指约会迟到，选B。before“在……之前”、of表所属都不符合搭配规则。
23. 句意为“如果约会迟到5分钟，他们和对方打招呼的时候会说‘抱歉我迟到了’”，greet意为“问候、打招呼”，符合见面致歉的场景，选C。ask“询问”、answer“回答”不符合场景逻辑。
24. 句意为“在英国文化中，说sorry是一种表达礼貌的方式”，culture“文化”契合全文介绍英国社交习惯的主题，选C。shock“震惊”、occasion“场合”不符合句意。
25. 这里是递进强调，句意为“尤其是对他们不太熟悉的人”，especially“尤其”用来突出强调特定对象，选B。possibly“可能”、suddenly“突然”不符合递进逻辑。
26. 句意为“一项研究里，演员在雨天接近不同的陌生人，询问能否借用他们的手机”，different“不同的”修饰陌生人，符合对照实验需要多组不同测试对象的设定，选B。strange“奇怪的”、relaxed“放松的”不符合实验场景。
27. 句意为“他成功借到手机的概率只有9%”，borrow表示“借入”，符合向陌生人借手机的动作指向，选C。buy“购买”不符合场景，lend是“（主语）借出给别人”，和句意相反。
【答案】
18.A 19.A 20.B 21.C 22.B 23.C 24.C 25.B 26.B 27.C
【知识点】
固定搭配辨析，语境词义辨析，西方社交文化
【点评】
本题选材贴近生活，围绕英国道歉文化的趣味主题展开，考点以初中阶段核心词汇和常用固定搭配为主，没有偏难怪的干扰项，学生只要结合上下文逻辑和日常短语积累就可以顺利完成，同时还能补充了解英国的社交礼仪小常识。
【难度系数】
0.7
