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D
Hot pot is very popular no matter in hot summer or cold winter in China. It has a history over 1,000 years and until now，it is still the most popular dish for social or family gatherings. People put a metal pot in the middle of a dining table，and while the water in the pot is boiling，ingredients are put into it and cooked in the pot. They are usually thinly sliced beef，pork，chicken，mutton，leaf vegetables，tofu and seafood. Many Chinese people like eating hot pot. Liu Yang is one of them.
Liu Yang went to university in England. Three days ago，he arrived there. He had three days of hamburgers，sandwiches and potatoes. Yesterday he was very excited when he heard that there was going to be a meal of hotpot to welcome the new students.
He went into the room and sat next to an American girl. To his surprise，he saw potatoes and bread in front of him. Where was the hot pot?
When the American girl found that Liu Yang was very surprised，she made an introduction to him that hotpot is not hot pot. China has hot pot in two words but English hotpot is written in one word. Hotpot is made with meat，potatoes and onions. People put them into the oven all day in a heavy pot and over a low heat. It is easy to cook.
Hotpot tastes fine. But Liu Yang still misses hot pot，two words!
12. Hot pot is usually made with
A. potatoes and bread
B. meat，potatoes and onions
C. hamburgers and sandwiches
D. sliced meat，leaf vegetables，tofu and seafood
13. Liu Yang was very excited because
A. he expected to eat hot pot in England
B. he wanted to go to the welcome party
C. he hoped to cook a meal for his new friends
D. he wanted to make friends with his classmates
14. We can learn from the passage that
A. hot pot is more delicious than hotpot
B. hot pot is difficult to make
C. hot pot is different from hotpot
D. hot pot is popular in many different countries
15. What can be the best title of this passage?
A. Hot Pot in China
B. Hot Pot and Hotpot
C. Amazing Hot Pot in England
D. A New Way to Make Hotpot
Hot pot is very popular no matter in hot summer or cold winter in China. It has a history over 1,000 years and until now，it is still the most popular dish for social or family gatherings. People put a metal pot in the middle of a dining table，and while the water in the pot is boiling，ingredients are put into it and cooked in the pot. They are usually thinly sliced beef，pork，chicken，mutton，leaf vegetables，tofu and seafood. Many Chinese people like eating hot pot. Liu Yang is one of them.
Liu Yang went to university in England. Three days ago，he arrived there. He had three days of hamburgers，sandwiches and potatoes. Yesterday he was very excited when he heard that there was going to be a meal of hotpot to welcome the new students.
He went into the room and sat next to an American girl. To his surprise，he saw potatoes and bread in front of him. Where was the hot pot?
When the American girl found that Liu Yang was very surprised，she made an introduction to him that hotpot is not hot pot. China has hot pot in two words but English hotpot is written in one word. Hotpot is made with meat，potatoes and onions. People put them into the oven all day in a heavy pot and over a low heat. It is easy to cook.
Hotpot tastes fine. But Liu Yang still misses hot pot，two words!
12. Hot pot is usually made with
sliced meat，leaf vegetables，tofu and seafood
.A. potatoes and bread
B. meat，potatoes and onions
C. hamburgers and sandwiches
D. sliced meat，leaf vegetables，tofu and seafood
13. Liu Yang was very excited because
he expected to eat hot pot in England
.A. he expected to eat hot pot in England
B. he wanted to go to the welcome party
C. he hoped to cook a meal for his new friends
D. he wanted to make friends with his classmates
14. We can learn from the passage that
hot pot is different from hotpot
.A. hot pot is more delicious than hotpot
B. hot pot is difficult to make
C. hot pot is different from hotpot
D. hot pot is popular in many different countries
15. What can be the best title of this passage?
A. Hot Pot in China
B. Hot Pot and Hotpot
C. Amazing Hot Pot in England
D. A New Way to Make Hotpot
答案
12.D 13.A 14.C 15.B
解析
【分析】
这是一篇介绍中英两种名称相近但含义完全不同的特色饮食的记叙文，解题时可以先浏览4道题干划出关键词，再带着问题回原文对应段落定位信息：细节题直接匹配原文表述排除干扰项，推理题和主旨题结合全文核心内容判断，注意不要把两种不同食物的属性混淆。
【解析】
12. 细节理解题：根据第一段原文"They are usually thinly sliced beef，pork，chicken，mutton，leaf vegetables，tofu and seafood." 可知中国的hot pot（火锅）的常用食材对应D选项。A选项是刘洋在英国欢迎宴上看到的食物，B选项是英国单字hotpot的食材，C选项是刘洋刚到英国前三天吃的食物，均不符合题意。
13. 细节理解题：前文提到刘洋本身很喜欢中国火锅，刚到英国连续三天吃汉堡、三明治等食物，听到即将有hot pot餐的时候非常兴奋，说明他是期盼在英国吃到中国的火锅，对应A选项。文中完全没有提到他想参加欢迎派对、给新朋友做饭、和同学交朋友的相关表述，其余选项无依据。
14. 推理判断题：全文明确说明中国的hot pot是两个单词，指涮煮火锅，英国的hotpot是单个单词，指用肉、土豆、洋葱慢炖的焖菜，二者完全不同，C选项正确。A选项文中没有对比二者谁更美味，仅提到刘洋想念中国的火锅；B选项文中仅提到英国的hotpot很容易做，没有说中国火锅制作难度高；D选项仅提到火锅在中国很流行，没有提到在多国流行，其余选项错误。
15. 主旨大意题：全文以刘洋的经历为切入点，核心是介绍两个拼写仅差一个空格、含义完全不同的饮食词汇hot pot和hotpot，B选项最贴合全文核心内容。A选项仅提到中国的火锅，内容覆盖不全；C选项英国的食物不是中国的hot pot，表述错误；D选项文中没有介绍新的制作hotpot的方法，均不符合要求。
【答案】
12.D 13.A 14.C 15.B
【知识点】
1. 阅读细节定位
2. 主旨大意判断
3. 跨文化词汇差异
【点评】
本篇阅读选材贴近生活、趣味性强，大部分题目都可以通过原文直接定位得到答案，易错点是学生容易混淆两种名称相近的食物的属性，错把英国hotpot的相关描述套到中国hot pot上，解题时只要注意区分两个词汇的不同表述就能轻松得分。
【难度系数】
0.7
这是一篇介绍中英两种名称相近但含义完全不同的特色饮食的记叙文，解题时可以先浏览4道题干划出关键词，再带着问题回原文对应段落定位信息：细节题直接匹配原文表述排除干扰项，推理题和主旨题结合全文核心内容判断，注意不要把两种不同食物的属性混淆。
【解析】
12. 细节理解题：根据第一段原文"They are usually thinly sliced beef，pork，chicken，mutton，leaf vegetables，tofu and seafood." 可知中国的hot pot（火锅）的常用食材对应D选项。A选项是刘洋在英国欢迎宴上看到的食物，B选项是英国单字hotpot的食材，C选项是刘洋刚到英国前三天吃的食物，均不符合题意。
13. 细节理解题：前文提到刘洋本身很喜欢中国火锅，刚到英国连续三天吃汉堡、三明治等食物，听到即将有hot pot餐的时候非常兴奋，说明他是期盼在英国吃到中国的火锅，对应A选项。文中完全没有提到他想参加欢迎派对、给新朋友做饭、和同学交朋友的相关表述，其余选项无依据。
14. 推理判断题：全文明确说明中国的hot pot是两个单词，指涮煮火锅，英国的hotpot是单个单词，指用肉、土豆、洋葱慢炖的焖菜，二者完全不同，C选项正确。A选项文中没有对比二者谁更美味，仅提到刘洋想念中国的火锅；B选项文中仅提到英国的hotpot很容易做，没有说中国火锅制作难度高；D选项仅提到火锅在中国很流行，没有提到在多国流行，其余选项错误。
15. 主旨大意题：全文以刘洋的经历为切入点，核心是介绍两个拼写仅差一个空格、含义完全不同的饮食词汇hot pot和hotpot，B选项最贴合全文核心内容。A选项仅提到中国的火锅，内容覆盖不全；C选项英国的食物不是中国的hot pot，表述错误；D选项文中没有介绍新的制作hotpot的方法，均不符合要求。
【答案】
12.D 13.A 14.C 15.B
【知识点】
1. 阅读细节定位
2. 主旨大意判断
3. 跨文化词汇差异
【点评】
本篇阅读选材贴近生活、趣味性强，大部分题目都可以通过原文直接定位得到答案，易错点是学生容易混淆两种名称相近的食物的属性，错把英国hotpot的相关描述套到中国hot pot上，解题时只要注意区分两个词汇的不同表述就能轻松得分。
【难度系数】
0.7
二、补全短文(10 分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。
A few months ago，I read a book. 16 So I started cleaning out and got a lot of things that I didn't need. And then I thought about what to do with them.
This made me think of a kind of special sale. It helps people clean out their houses and turn things into money to help homeless children all over the world. 17 So I asked my boys for help，and they loved the idea of helping others.
They walked from door to door to ask the neighbors for the things they didn't need. 18 At last，however，we had ten boxes full of different things.
It was time for the yard sale. Although we had ads in newspapers and online，I was still not sure whether anyone would come. 19 I planned to get ￥400 to ￥500 that day. At last we got ￥768.12! We sent money to the poor children in Haiti. Thanks for all the people who have helped us.
20 Everyone should try his or her best to help those in need.
A. I decided to learn from the special sale.
B. In my mind，helping others is just helping myself.
C. To our surprise，so many people came to our yard sale.
D. At first，I wondered if we were able to fill a box or two.
E. Helping others is one of the most meaningful things in the world.
F. It made me feel it was a shame to always buy more things than I needed.
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。
A few months ago，I read a book. 16 So I started cleaning out and got a lot of things that I didn't need. And then I thought about what to do with them.
This made me think of a kind of special sale. It helps people clean out their houses and turn things into money to help homeless children all over the world. 17 So I asked my boys for help，and they loved the idea of helping others.
They walked from door to door to ask the neighbors for the things they didn't need. 18 At last，however，we had ten boxes full of different things.
It was time for the yard sale. Although we had ads in newspapers and online，I was still not sure whether anyone would come. 19 I planned to get ￥400 to ￥500 that day. At last we got ￥768.12! We sent money to the poor children in Haiti. Thanks for all the people who have helped us.
20 Everyone should try his or her best to help those in need.
A. I decided to learn from the special sale.
B. In my mind，helping others is just helping myself.
C. To our surprise，so many people came to our yard sale.
D. At first，I wondered if we were able to fill a box or two.
E. Helping others is one of the most meaningful things in the world.
F. It made me feel it was a shame to always buy more things than I needed.
答案
16.F 17.A 18.D 19.C 20.E
解析
【分析】
做这类补全短文题，首先要先通读全文，理清文章的叙事主线：本文讲述作者受书籍启发清理闲置物品，效仿公益庭院售卖活动筹集善款帮助贫困儿童的经历，再逐空结合前后文的逻辑关联匹配选项：
1. 第16空：前文提到作者几个月前读了一本书，后文说作者开始清理出大量不需要的物品，空缺处需要承接书籍带来的影响，对应能解释作者为什么要清理闲置的选项。
2. 第17空：前文介绍了一种可以将闲置变现、帮助流浪儿童的特殊售卖形式，后文提到作者找儿子帮忙推进这件事，空缺处需要衔接作者做出的行动决定。
3. 第18空：后文出现转折词however，说明最终结果和前文的预期形成反差，后文说最后装满了10箱物品，空缺处要对应最初的低预期。
4. 第19空：前文提到作者即便投放了广告，还是不确定会不会有人来，后文说最终筹款额远超预期，空缺处要衔接售卖现场的实际情况，解释为什么筹款能超出计划。
5. 第20空：空缺处在文章结尾，是对全文的主旨升华，后文发出每个人都要尽力帮助有需要的人的呼吁，空缺处要对应点明帮助他人的价值的主旨句。
【解析】
16. 前文提到作者读了一本书，后文顺承作者开始清理闲置物品，F选项“这让我觉得总是买超出自己需求的东西是很羞愧的事”，正好解释了书籍给作者带来的触动，衔接后文清理闲置的行为，选F。
17. 前文介绍了这种公益特殊售卖的形式，后文作者就找家人帮忙推进活动，A选项“我决定效仿这个特殊售卖活动”，正好承接前文对特殊售卖的介绍，引出后续行动，选A。
18. 后文用however转折，说明最终有10箱装满的物品，和前文预期形成反差，D选项“一开始我还在想我们能不能装满一两箱”，正好和后文的10箱形成预期和实际的反差，逻辑通顺，选D。
19. 前文作者还在担心没人来，后文筹款远超预期，C选项“令我们惊讶的是，非常多人来参加我们的庭院售卖”，正好解释了为什么最终筹款额远高于计划，衔接前后文，选C。
20. 空缺处在文末升华主旨，后文呼吁大家帮助有需要的人，E选项“帮助他人是世界上最有意义的事情之一”，正好点明全文核心主旨，呼应结尾的呼吁，选E。
多余选项B和全文叙事逻辑的位置不匹配，为干扰项。
【答案】
16.F 17.A 18.D 19.C 20.E
【知识点】
补全短文，语境衔接，语篇逻辑
【点评】
本题属于记叙文类的阅读补全题型，按照事件发展的先后顺序设置考点，重点考查学生对上下文逻辑呼应、转折关系、主旨升华类语句位置的判断能力，整体叙事线索清晰，顺着事件发展的逻辑推导就能顺利匹配答案，多余干扰项也和主题相关，能有效区分学生的逻辑判断能力。
【难度系数】
0.7
做这类补全短文题，首先要先通读全文，理清文章的叙事主线：本文讲述作者受书籍启发清理闲置物品，效仿公益庭院售卖活动筹集善款帮助贫困儿童的经历，再逐空结合前后文的逻辑关联匹配选项：
1. 第16空：前文提到作者几个月前读了一本书，后文说作者开始清理出大量不需要的物品，空缺处需要承接书籍带来的影响，对应能解释作者为什么要清理闲置的选项。
2. 第17空：前文介绍了一种可以将闲置变现、帮助流浪儿童的特殊售卖形式，后文提到作者找儿子帮忙推进这件事，空缺处需要衔接作者做出的行动决定。
3. 第18空：后文出现转折词however，说明最终结果和前文的预期形成反差，后文说最后装满了10箱物品，空缺处要对应最初的低预期。
4. 第19空：前文提到作者即便投放了广告，还是不确定会不会有人来，后文说最终筹款额远超预期，空缺处要衔接售卖现场的实际情况，解释为什么筹款能超出计划。
5. 第20空：空缺处在文章结尾，是对全文的主旨升华，后文发出每个人都要尽力帮助有需要的人的呼吁，空缺处要对应点明帮助他人的价值的主旨句。
【解析】
16. 前文提到作者读了一本书，后文顺承作者开始清理闲置物品，F选项“这让我觉得总是买超出自己需求的东西是很羞愧的事”，正好解释了书籍给作者带来的触动，衔接后文清理闲置的行为，选F。
17. 前文介绍了这种公益特殊售卖的形式，后文作者就找家人帮忙推进活动，A选项“我决定效仿这个特殊售卖活动”，正好承接前文对特殊售卖的介绍，引出后续行动，选A。
18. 后文用however转折，说明最终有10箱装满的物品，和前文预期形成反差，D选项“一开始我还在想我们能不能装满一两箱”，正好和后文的10箱形成预期和实际的反差，逻辑通顺，选D。
19. 前文作者还在担心没人来，后文筹款远超预期，C选项“令我们惊讶的是，非常多人来参加我们的庭院售卖”，正好解释了为什么最终筹款额远高于计划，衔接前后文，选C。
20. 空缺处在文末升华主旨，后文呼吁大家帮助有需要的人，E选项“帮助他人是世界上最有意义的事情之一”，正好点明全文核心主旨，呼应结尾的呼吁，选E。
多余选项B和全文叙事逻辑的位置不匹配，为干扰项。
【答案】
16.F 17.A 18.D 19.C 20.E
【知识点】
补全短文，语境衔接，语篇逻辑
【点评】
本题属于记叙文类的阅读补全题型，按照事件发展的先后顺序设置考点，重点考查学生对上下文逻辑呼应、转折关系、主旨升华类语句位置的判断能力，整体叙事线索清晰，顺着事件发展的逻辑推导就能顺利匹配答案，多余干扰项也和主题相关，能有效区分学生的逻辑判断能力。
【难度系数】
0.7
