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C
Balancing your diet（饮食） is important. But how to balance your diet? Let me tell you.
Breakfast is the most important meal of the day. If you don't have time to sit down and have a healthy breakfast，try vegetable juice before you go to school. This is better than coffee.
Eat less salt. Foods like hot dogs have a lot of salt in them. So eat less or give them up.
Stay away from foods with too much fat. You can eat vegetables，fruits，fish and chicken. They are healthy for you. For example，you can eat chicken hamburgers instead of beef hamburgers.
Don't often go out for lunch. You can let your mother make lunch at home and take it to school. Eat some cabbage or salads with chicken. Also，drink lots of water every day.
Balancing your diet to relax is as important as exercise.
8. Which of the following is TRUE?
A. Coffee is better than vegetable juice.
B. Hot dogs have less salt.
C. Chicken hamburgers have less fat than beef hamburgers.
D. Food with much salt is good for health.
9. How many ways to balance your diet does the writer talk about?
A. One.
B. Two.
C. Three.
D. Four.
10. What's the main idea of the passage?
A. Exercise is better than balancing diet.
B. Balancing diet is better than exercise.
C. Balancing diet can also help people relax.
D. Exercise and healthy diet.
11. Who is the passage written for?
A. Students.
B. Teachers.
C. Parents.
D. Doctors.
Balancing your diet（饮食） is important. But how to balance your diet? Let me tell you.
Breakfast is the most important meal of the day. If you don't have time to sit down and have a healthy breakfast，try vegetable juice before you go to school. This is better than coffee.
Eat less salt. Foods like hot dogs have a lot of salt in them. So eat less or give them up.
Stay away from foods with too much fat. You can eat vegetables，fruits，fish and chicken. They are healthy for you. For example，you can eat chicken hamburgers instead of beef hamburgers.
Don't often go out for lunch. You can let your mother make lunch at home and take it to school. Eat some cabbage or salads with chicken. Also，drink lots of water every day.
Balancing your diet to relax is as important as exercise.
8. Which of the following is TRUE?
A. Coffee is better than vegetable juice.
B. Hot dogs have less salt.
C. Chicken hamburgers have less fat than beef hamburgers.
D. Food with much salt is good for health.
9. How many ways to balance your diet does the writer talk about?
A. One.
B. Two.
C. Three.
D. Four.
10. What's the main idea of the passage?
A. Exercise is better than balancing diet.
B. Balancing diet is better than exercise.
C. Balancing diet can also help people relax.
D. Exercise and healthy diet.
11. Who is the passage written for?
A. Students.
B. Teachers.
C. Parents.
D. Doctors.
答案
8.C 9.D 10.C 11.A
解析
【分析】
这是一篇介绍均衡饮食相关知识的说明文阅读，解题思路如下：
1. 解答细节判断题（第8题）时，将每个选项的关键词带回对应原文段落逐一比对，排除和原文表述相悖的干扰项，选出符合原文内容的正确选项；
2. 解答计数类细节题（第9题）时，逐段梳理作者给出的所有均衡饮食的具体建议，统计总数量即可得到答案；
3. 解答主旨大意题（第10题）时，重点关注文章首尾段的核心表述，排除表述错误、内容片面的干扰选项，锁定全文核心观点；
4. 解答推理判断题（第11题）时，从文中指向受众的细节线索出发，推导文章的目标读者群体。
【解析】
8. 逐一核对选项：
A选项：原文第二段明确说明蔬菜汁比咖啡更适合当早餐，和A选项表述完全相反，错误；
B选项：原文第三段提到热狗这类食物含有大量盐分，并非含盐少，错误；
C选项：原文第四段提出要远离高脂肪食物，可以用鸡肉汉堡代替牛肉汉堡，说明鸡肉汉堡的脂肪含量比牛肉汉堡更低，表述符合原文，正确；
D选项：原文明确要求少吃盐，说明高盐食物对健康没有好处，表述错误。
9. 梳理作者给出的全部均衡饮食方法：① 重视早餐，没时间吃正餐可以选择蔬菜汁代替咖啡；② 减少盐分摄入，少吃或放弃高盐食物；③ 远离高脂肪食物，多吃蔬菜、水果、鱼、鸡肉这类健康食材；④ 不要经常外出吃午餐，尽量从家里带饭上学，同时每天足量饮水，一共4种方法。
10. 逐一排除干扰项：
A、B选项：原文仅说明均衡饮食和运动对放松的重要性相当，并没有对比二者谁更好，两个选项表述均不符合原文；
C选项：全文围绕均衡饮食的方法展开，最后点明均衡饮食和运动一样能帮助人放松，是全文核心观点，符合主旨；
D选项：文章核心是介绍均衡饮食的相关内容，运动仅在结尾处作为参照提及，并非并列的核心论述主体，内容片面。
11. 文中多次出现“上学前”“带去学校吃午饭”这类指向在校群体的表述，说明这篇文章的目标读者是学生。
【答案】
8.C 9.D 10.C 11.A
【知识点】
细节信息查找，主旨大意归纳，隐含信息推理
【点评】
本篇阅读选取贴近学生生活的健康饮食主题，大部分题目都可以通过回文定位直接找到对应依据，仅需要学生耐心比对选项和原文的表述差异，避开反向设置的干扰项，主旨题注意不要误把文中作为参照的运动当成核心论述对象即可，整体难度不高。
【难度系数】
0.75
这是一篇介绍均衡饮食相关知识的说明文阅读，解题思路如下：
1. 解答细节判断题（第8题）时，将每个选项的关键词带回对应原文段落逐一比对，排除和原文表述相悖的干扰项，选出符合原文内容的正确选项；
2. 解答计数类细节题（第9题）时，逐段梳理作者给出的所有均衡饮食的具体建议，统计总数量即可得到答案；
3. 解答主旨大意题（第10题）时，重点关注文章首尾段的核心表述，排除表述错误、内容片面的干扰选项，锁定全文核心观点；
4. 解答推理判断题（第11题）时，从文中指向受众的细节线索出发，推导文章的目标读者群体。
【解析】
8. 逐一核对选项：
A选项：原文第二段明确说明蔬菜汁比咖啡更适合当早餐，和A选项表述完全相反，错误；
B选项：原文第三段提到热狗这类食物含有大量盐分，并非含盐少，错误；
C选项：原文第四段提出要远离高脂肪食物，可以用鸡肉汉堡代替牛肉汉堡，说明鸡肉汉堡的脂肪含量比牛肉汉堡更低，表述符合原文，正确；
D选项：原文明确要求少吃盐，说明高盐食物对健康没有好处，表述错误。
9. 梳理作者给出的全部均衡饮食方法：① 重视早餐，没时间吃正餐可以选择蔬菜汁代替咖啡；② 减少盐分摄入，少吃或放弃高盐食物；③ 远离高脂肪食物，多吃蔬菜、水果、鱼、鸡肉这类健康食材；④ 不要经常外出吃午餐，尽量从家里带饭上学，同时每天足量饮水，一共4种方法。
10. 逐一排除干扰项：
A、B选项：原文仅说明均衡饮食和运动对放松的重要性相当，并没有对比二者谁更好，两个选项表述均不符合原文；
C选项：全文围绕均衡饮食的方法展开，最后点明均衡饮食和运动一样能帮助人放松，是全文核心观点，符合主旨；
D选项：文章核心是介绍均衡饮食的相关内容，运动仅在结尾处作为参照提及，并非并列的核心论述主体，内容片面。
11. 文中多次出现“上学前”“带去学校吃午饭”这类指向在校群体的表述，说明这篇文章的目标读者是学生。
【答案】
8.C 9.D 10.C 11.A
【知识点】
细节信息查找，主旨大意归纳，隐含信息推理
【点评】
本篇阅读选取贴近学生生活的健康饮食主题，大部分题目都可以通过回文定位直接找到对应依据，仅需要学生耐心比对选项和原文的表述差异，避开反向设置的干扰项，主旨题注意不要误把文中作为参照的运动当成核心论述对象即可，整体难度不高。
【难度系数】
0.75
