五、阅读理解
We know that many animals do not stay in one place. Birds, fish and other animals move from one place to another at a certain time. They move for different reasons. Most of them move to find food more easily, but others move to get away from places that are too crowded.
When cold weather comes, many birds move to warmer places to find food. Some fishes give birth in warm water and move to cold water to feed. The most famous migration(迁徙）is probably the migration of the fish which is called “salmon”. This fish is born in fresh water but it travels many miles to salt water. There it spends most of its life. When it is old, it returns to its birthplace in fresh water. Then it gives birth and dies there.
In the north of Europe, there is a kind of mouse. They leave their mountain homes when their homes become too crowded. They move down to the low land. Sometimes they move all the way to the seaside and many of them are killed when they fall into the sea.
Recently scientists have studied the migration of a special kind of lobster(龙虾). Every year when the season of bad weather arrives, the lobsters get into a long line and start to walk across the floor of the ocean. Nobody knows where they go.
So sometimes we know why animals move from one place to another but sometimes we don't. Maybe living things just like to travel.
()1. Why do most animals move from one place to another at a certain time?
A. To enjoy warmer weather.
B. To get food more easily.
C. To find fresh water.
D. To find beautiful places.
()2. Where does the fish called “salmon” spend a long life?
A. In salt water.
B. In fresh water.
C. In its birthplace.
D. In rivers.
()3. When do the mice in northern Europe move?
A. When they give birth.
B. When the place gets too crowded.
C. When they don't have enough food.
D. When the weather is bad.
()4. What's the passage mainly about?
A. Why animals move from one place to another.
B. How animals can find food easily.
C. New discoveries of animals' travelling.
D. Some problems of animals' travelling.

1.B 2.A 3.B 4.A

【分析】
做这篇阅读理解题时，需先通读原文把握大意，再针对每个题目回到原文定位关键信息：第1题问多数动物迁徙的原因，定位第一段最后一句；第2题问鲑鱼的生活环境，定位第二段关于salmon的描述；第3题问北欧老鼠迁徙的时机，定位第三段老鼠的相关内容；第4题问文章主旨，需梳理全文核心内容。通过定位原文对应句，即可选出正确答案。
【解析】
1. 细节理解题：根据原文第一段最后一句“Most of them move to find food more easily”，可知大多数动物迁徙是为了更容易获取食物，对应选项B。
2. 细节理解题：根据原文第二段关于鲑鱼的描述“This fish is born in fresh water but it travels many miles to salt water. There it spends most of its life”，可知鲑鱼大部分时间在咸水中度过，对应选项A。
3. 细节理解题：根据原文第三段关于北欧老鼠的描述“They leave their mountain homes when their homes become too crowded”，可知北欧老鼠在栖息地过于拥挤时迁徙，对应选项B。
4. 主旨大意题：全文围绕动物迁徙的原因展开，介绍了不同动物迁徙的缘由，对应选项A。
【答案】
1.B 2.A 3.B 4.A
【知识点】
英语阅读理解，细节理解题，主旨大意题
【点评】
本题是关于动物迁徙的英语阅读理解，侧重考查学生快速定位原文信息的能力，题型基础，只要学生认真阅读原文，找准对应关键句即可解答，属于常规的阅读理解练习题。
【难度系数】
0.3

读后词汇拓展 猜出画波浪线单词的词性和中文意思，并收入自己的小词典。
swallow

v. 吞下

【分析】首先回忆单词swallow的不同词性及对应词义，它可作名词和动词，结合词汇拓展的常见考查方向，确定此处需要的是动词词性的含义，进而推导得出结果。
【解析】swallow兼具名词和动词词性，结合题目要求的词汇拓展语境，此处其为动词，中文意思是“吞下”。
【答案】v. 吞下
【知识点】词汇的词性与词义
【点评】本题为基础词汇拓展题，考查常用动词的词性与含义，帮助学生积累核心词汇，夯实英语基础。
【难度系数】0.8