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五、传统文化阅读理解。
Weiqi, also known as Go in English, is a black and white board game from ancient China. The game is considered one of the Four Arts for ancient Chinese literators(文人) to master. Besides Weiqi, they had to learn Chinese calligraphy(shu), painting(hua) and guqin playing(qin).
Weiqi has a history of over 4,000 years, even older than Chinese chess. According to some historical records, Weiqi was known as Yi in its early years. It is said to have been invented by Emperor Yao. Seeing that his son got angry easily and didn't like to study, the emperor was quite worried. So he decided to find something to educate his son, and a board game came to him.
The rules of Weiqi are simple: using black and white stones, two players take turns putting their stones on empty cross points of the board. The aim is to surround(包围) a larger total area on the board while stopping one's own stones from being taken by the other side. Stones do not move and are only taken off the board if they are completely surrounded.
The scene of two people playing Weiqi appears in many traditional Chinese paintings. The image(形象) of a player holding a stone over the board, looking for a place to put it, was later turned into a famous Chinese idiom(成语), which means "unsure about making a move". The idiom is still widely used today.
With its development, Weiqi grew more popular. Later, it spread to other Asian countries and Western countries. Today, it has become an international board game.
(
①Weiqi. ②Painting. ③Chinese calligraphy. ④Guqin playing. ⑤Dancing.
A. ①②③④ B. ①②③⑤ C. ①②④⑤ D. ①③④⑤
(
A. To have some fun. B. To teach himself.
C. To educate his son. D. To help his people.
(
A. Music. B. News. C. Movies. D. Culture.
(
A. History of Chinese chess B. Game of black and white
C. Beauty of Four Arts in China D. Development of Chinese idioms
Weiqi, also known as Go in English, is a black and white board game from ancient China. The game is considered one of the Four Arts for ancient Chinese literators(文人) to master. Besides Weiqi, they had to learn Chinese calligraphy(shu), painting(hua) and guqin playing(qin).
Weiqi has a history of over 4,000 years, even older than Chinese chess. According to some historical records, Weiqi was known as Yi in its early years. It is said to have been invented by Emperor Yao. Seeing that his son got angry easily and didn't like to study, the emperor was quite worried. So he decided to find something to educate his son, and a board game came to him.
The rules of Weiqi are simple: using black and white stones, two players take turns putting their stones on empty cross points of the board. The aim is to surround(包围) a larger total area on the board while stopping one's own stones from being taken by the other side. Stones do not move and are only taken off the board if they are completely surrounded.
The scene of two people playing Weiqi appears in many traditional Chinese paintings. The image(形象) of a player holding a stone over the board, looking for a place to put it, was later turned into a famous Chinese idiom(成语), which means "unsure about making a move". The idiom is still widely used today.
With its development, Weiqi grew more popular. Later, it spread to other Asian countries and Western countries. Today, it has become an international board game.
(
A
)1. What are the Four Arts mentioned in the passage?①Weiqi. ②Painting. ③Chinese calligraphy. ④Guqin playing. ⑤Dancing.
A. ①②③④ B. ①②③⑤ C. ①②④⑤ D. ①③④⑤
(
C
)2. Why did Emperor Yao invent Weiqi according to Paragraph 2?A. To have some fun. B. To teach himself.
C. To educate his son. D. To help his people.
(
D
)3. In which part of a newspaper can you probably read this passage?A. Music. B. News. C. Movies. D. Culture.
(
B
)4. What is the best title for the passage?A. History of Chinese chess B. Game of black and white
C. Beauty of Four Arts in China D. Development of Chinese idioms
答案
1. A 【点拨】根据“Besides Weiqi, they had to learn Chinese calligraphy(shu), painting(hua) and guqin playing(qin).”可知,琴棋书画被称为“四艺”。故选 A。
2. C 【点拨】根据第二段的内容可知,尧帝发明围棋是为了教育他的儿子。故选 C。
3. D 【点拨】本文主要介绍了围棋的历史、规则以及其在文化中的地位,属于文化类内容。故选 D。
4. B 【点拨】本文主要介绍了围棋的历史、规则以及其在文化中的地位,强调了围棋作为一种黑白棋类游戏的特点。B项概括了文章主旨,适合作文章标题。故选 B。
2. C 【点拨】根据第二段的内容可知,尧帝发明围棋是为了教育他的儿子。故选 C。
3. D 【点拨】本文主要介绍了围棋的历史、规则以及其在文化中的地位,属于文化类内容。故选 D。
4. B 【点拨】本文主要介绍了围棋的历史、规则以及其在文化中的地位,强调了围棋作为一种黑白棋类游戏的特点。B项概括了文章主旨,适合作文章标题。故选 B。
解析
【分析】
本题为传统文化类阅读理解题，需结合原文内容逐一分析各题：
1题：定位原文关于“四艺”的描述，找出对应选项；
2题：锁定第二段尧帝发明围棋的原因，匹配选项；
3题：根据文章介绍的围棋相关文化内容，判断所属报纸板块；
4题：梳理文章主旨，选择最贴合的标题。
【解析】
1. 根据文中“Besides Weiqi, they had to learn Chinese calligraphy(shu), painting(hua) and guqin playing(qin).”可知，古代文人的“四艺”是围棋、书法、绘画、古琴，对应①②③④，故选A。
2. 由第二段“Seeing that his son got angry easily and didn't like to study... So he decided to find something to educate his son”可知，尧帝发明围棋是为了教育儿子，故选C。
3. 本文主要介绍围棋的历史、规则及文化地位，属于文化类内容，因此最可能在报纸的文化板块读到，故选D。
4. 文章围绕黑白棋类游戏围棋展开，B项“Game of black and white”准确概括文章主旨，故选B。
【答案】
1.A 2.C 3.D 4.B
【知识点】
阅读理解（传统文化）、细节理解、主旨大意
【点评】
本题考查学生对传统文化类阅读理解的信息定位和主旨概括能力，题目以细节题和主旨题为主，需学生仔细阅读原文，精准查找关键信息，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.7
本题为传统文化类阅读理解题，需结合原文内容逐一分析各题：
1题：定位原文关于“四艺”的描述，找出对应选项；
2题：锁定第二段尧帝发明围棋的原因，匹配选项；
3题：根据文章介绍的围棋相关文化内容，判断所属报纸板块；
4题：梳理文章主旨，选择最贴合的标题。
【解析】
1. 根据文中“Besides Weiqi, they had to learn Chinese calligraphy(shu), painting(hua) and guqin playing(qin).”可知，古代文人的“四艺”是围棋、书法、绘画、古琴，对应①②③④，故选A。
2. 由第二段“Seeing that his son got angry easily and didn't like to study... So he decided to find something to educate his son”可知，尧帝发明围棋是为了教育儿子，故选C。
3. 本文主要介绍围棋的历史、规则及文化地位，属于文化类内容，因此最可能在报纸的文化板块读到，故选D。
4. 文章围绕黑白棋类游戏围棋展开，B项“Game of black and white”准确概括文章主旨，故选B。
【答案】
1.A 2.C 3.D 4.B
【知识点】
阅读理解（传统文化）、细节理解、主旨大意
【点评】
本题考查学生对传统文化类阅读理解的信息定位和主旨概括能力，题目以细节题和主旨题为主，需学生仔细阅读原文，精准查找关键信息，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.7
