Ⅲ. 根据汉语意思完成句子。每空一词。
1. 他很勇敢，敢于挑战权威。
It was him to challenge the authority.
2. 他早期退学，但最终成长为一名科学家。
He early, but he became a great scientist.
3. 他和他的学生们在研究癌症的成因。
He and his students are the causes of cancer.
4. 他的梦想是成为一名像屠呦呦一样的科学家，阻止疾病的传播。
His dream is to become a scientist like Tu Youyou to stop the of .
5. 这位历史学家的著作让我们了解了更多古代的历史。
The book helps us ancient history.

1. brave of
2. dropped out of school
3. doing research on
4. spread; diseases
5. historian’s; learn more about

【分析】做此类根据汉语意思完成句子的题目，需先理解汉语句意，再结合英语的固定句型、动词短语、词性变化等知识点，逐空匹配对应的英语表达，同时注意时态、语态及每空一词的要求，确保答案准确符合语法和语境。
【解析】1. 考查固定句型“It is + adj. + of sb. to do sth.”，表示某人做某事具有某种特质，“勇敢”对应形容词brave，故填brave of；2. “退学”的固定短语为drop out of school，句子描述过去的动作，用一般过去时，故填dropped out of school；3. “研究”的固定短语为do research on，句子为现在进行时（are + 现在分词），故填doing research on；4. “传播”对应名词spread，“疾病”对应名词diseases，“the spread of diseases”表示“疾病的传播”，故填spread; diseases；5. “历史学家的”用名词所有格historian’s，“了解更多”对应learn more about，符合“help sb do sth”结构，故填historian’s; learn more about。
【答案】1. brave of 2. dropped out of school 3. doing research on 4. spread; diseases 5. historian’s; learn more about
【知识点】固定句型；动词短语；名词所有格
【点评】本题考查初中英语核心的固定搭配、句型及词性用法，侧重基础词汇的运用，难度适中，适合巩固基础知识点。
【难度系数】0.6

Ⅳ. 完形填空。
Everyone needs someone to admire. Admiring great people can give us courage and strength to keep going. Here are some ways to learn from inspiring people.
First, learn about their life stories. Many admirable people went through hard times. For example, Yuan Longping spent years doing research in the fields. He faced many 1 but never gave up. His contributions to agriculture have helped 2 millions of people around the world.
Second, understand their 3. Marie Curie was 4 about science. She kept doing experiments even when she was in poor health. Her 5 for science encourages us to pursue our own interests.
Third, follow their good qualities. Sima Qian was very 6. He didn’t stop writing *Shiji* even after facing great difficulties. We should learn his perseverance when we meet challenges in life.
Finally, put their spirit into practice. Admiring people is not just about talking about them. We should 7 their examples. For instance, if we admire a person who is kind to others, we should try to be kind too.
In 8, inspiring people are like stars that guide us. By learning from them, we can become better people and make our own contributions to the world.
()1. A. failures B. challenges C. chances
()2. A. admire B. inspire C. feed
()3. A. hobbies B. interests C. discoveries
()4. A. curious B. worried C. nervous
()5. A. passion B. fear C. doubt
()6. A. brave B. proud C. selfish
()7. A. forget B. follow C. refuse
()8. A. short B. fact C. person

1.B 2.C 3.B 4.A 5.A 6.A 7.B 8.A

【分析】
本题是围绕“向榜样学习”主题的完形填空，解题时需先通读全文把握主旨，再结合每个空的上下文语境、词义辨析及固定搭配逐一分析选项，选出最符合文意的答案。
【解析】
1. 前文提到袁隆平经历艰难时期，此处指他面对诸多挑战，故选B（challenges）；
2. 袁隆平对农业的贡献是养活全球数百万人，feed有“养活”之意，故选C；
3. 后文提到居里夫人追求自身兴趣，此处指理解榜样的兴趣，故选B（interests）；
4. 固定搭配be curious about表示“对……好奇”，符合居里夫人对科学的态度，故选A；
5. 居里夫人对科学的热情激励我们追求兴趣，passion意为“热情”，故选A；
6. 司马迁面对困难仍坚持写《史记》，体现他的勇敢，故选A（brave）；
7. 固定搭配follow examples表示“效仿榜样”，符合文意，故选B；
8. 固定短语in short意为“总之”，用于总结全文，故选A。
【答案】
1.B 2.C 3.B 4.A 5.A 6.A 7.B 8.A
【知识点】
完形填空解题技巧、词义辨析、固定搭配
【点评】
本题围绕向榜样学习的主题，考查学生对词汇的语境运用及固定搭配的掌握，需结合上下文逻辑分析，整体难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6