五、阅读短文,在文中空白处填入1个适当的单词,或用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空。(2025·江苏宿迁·调研)
Hello, everyone. I'd like to share something about my summer vacation with you. My last summer vacation was full 1 pleasant memories. I went to my 2(grandparent) farm and had a good time with them.
The average temperature during these days was high—above 30 degrees, 3 it didn't stop me from 4(have) fun. In the morning, I would get around the farm, exploring every corner. The fresh air and beautiful scenery made me 5(feel) so relaxed.
One day, a heavy rain 6(sudden) came. At first, I was a bit worried, but it turned out to have 7 positive effect. After the rain, the plants in the fields grew 8(fast), and it was a sign of a good harvest.
During my stay, I helped my grandparents with the farm work. I saw how the vegetables and fruit grew day by day. It was not only the 9(grow) of the plants but also mine. I learnt a lot about farming and became even more independent(独立的).
When autumn arrived, we had a rich harvest. Picking fruit and vegetables made me feel the joy of labour. I am looking forward to 10(visit) the farm again next summer!
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

1. of 2. grandparents' 3. but 4. having 5. feel
6. suddenly 7. a 8. faster 9. growth 10. visiting

【分析】
做此类短文填空时，需先分析每个空格前后的语法结构、固定搭配或逻辑关系，再结合语境或括号内提示词确定正确形式：
1. 空格前是full，考查固定搭配be full of（充满）；
2. 空格后是名词farm，需用名词所有格表示“祖父母的”，grandparent复数为grandparents，所有格为grandparents'；
3. 前半句说温度高，后半句说不影响游玩，是转折逻辑，用连词but；
4. 考查固定搭配stop sb from doing sth，from是介词，后接动名词；
5. 考查make的用法，make sb do sth（让某人做某事），用省略to的不定式；
6. 空格修饰动词came，需用副词，对应sudden的副词形式；
7. 考查固定搭配have a positive effect，需用不定冠词；
8. 此处表示雨后植物与之前的生长速度对比，需用比较级；
9. 空格前是定冠词the，后需接名词，对应grow的名词形式；
10. 考查固定搭配look forward to doing sth，to是介词，后接动名词。
【解析】
1. 固定搭配be full of意为“充满”，故填of；
2. 修饰名词farm需用名词所有格，“祖父母的”对应grandparents'，故填grandparents'；
3. 前后句为转折关系，用连词but，故填but；
4. stop sb from doing sth是固定结构，from后接动名词，故填having；
5. make sb do sth是固定用法，省略to的不定式作宾补，故填feel；
6. 修饰动词came需用副词，sudden的副词形式为suddenly，故填suddenly；
7. have a positive effect是固定搭配，意为“有积极影响”，故填a；
8. 此处表示雨后植物比之前长得更快，用fast的比较级faster，故填faster；
9. 定冠词the后需接名词，grow的名词形式为growth，故填growth；
10. look forward to中to为介词，后接动名词，故填visiting。
【答案】
1. of 2. grandparents' 3. but 4. having 5. feel 6. suddenly 7. a 8. faster 9. growth 10. visiting
【知识点】
固定搭配、名词所有格、词形转换
【点评】
本题为英语短文填空基础题型，聚焦核心语法与常用词汇运用，涵盖固定搭配、名词所有格、副词转换、比较级等考点，侧重考查学生对基础语法规则的掌握，难度适中，是初中英语常见的巩固类题型。
【难度系数】
0.6

六、跨生物·蝴蝶 阅读理解。（2025·江苏宿迁·调研）
Nature is amazing! Take a close look at the world of insects(昆虫), and you'll find many unbelievable things. Think about butterflies, for example. They have beautiful colourful wings and strong fantastic flying skills. In summer, you can see them flying freely over flower gardens and wild fields.
But do you know how butterflies become flying insects? It's one of the amazing wonders of nature. In the beginning, female butterflies lay a small and colourful egg on a leaf or stem(茎) of a plant.
It's hard to believe that the egg will become something completely different in a few days. It turns into a walking insect. This insect is called a caterpillar(幼虫). It now has legs, eyes and a large body. A new life has begun. The caterpillar can eat, walk and see, but it is still not a butterfly.
Soon, after growing big, the caterpillar makes a cover for itself. It covers itself in a protective blanket(保护层) and goes to sleep. This stage is known as the “pupa(蛹)” stage.
After a period of time, the blanket breaks and a wet, weak butterfly appears. It now has six legs, a mouth, eyes and wings. Shortly, the wings fill with blood, and the beautiful, colourful butterfly spreads its wings and flies away.
After a few weeks, this adult butterfly lays her eggs, and the cycle begins all over again. This is just one example of the wonders of nature. Look into the woods and mountains and see what you can find next.
()1. What is NOT mentioned in Paragraph 1?
A. Butterflies are a kind of insect.
B. Butterflies are good at flying.
C. Butterflies have colourful wings.
D. Butterflies have a good sense of smell.
()2. What does the underlined word “cover” mean in Paragraph 4?
A. A thing that the caterpillar discovers to hide under.
B. A thing that the caterpillar makes to protect itself.
C. A thing that the caterpillar uses to hide its food.
D. A thing that the caterpillar finds to clean itself.
()3. What can be the best title for the text?
A. One insect, different colours
B. One insect, four lives
C. The kinds of butterflies
D. The habits of butterflies
()4. What's the structure of this passage? (Paragraph 1=①...)
A. ①/②③④⑤/⑥
B. ①②③/④⑤/⑥
C. ①②/③④/⑤⑥
D. ①②/③④⑤/⑥

1. D 【点拨】根据第一段中的“Take a close look at the world of insects(昆虫), and you'll find many unbelievable things. Think about butterflies, for example.”可知,符合A项内容;根据“They have beautiful colourful wings and strong fantastic flying skills.”可知,符合B项和C项内容。只有D项未提及。故选D。
2. B 【点拨】根据第四段“Soon, after growing big, the caterpillar makes a cover for itself. It covers itself in a protective blanket(保护层) and goes to sleep. This stage is known as the 'pupa(蛹)' stage.”可知,“cover”是毛虫为了在蛹期保护自己而制作的东西。故选B。
3. B 【点拨】文章介绍了蝴蝶的四个生命阶段(卵、幼虫、蛹、成虫),“One insect, four lives”(一种昆虫,四种生命形态)能概括文章核心内容。故选B。
4. A 【点拨】通读全文可知,①为总起,举例说明大自然中的昆虫世界很神奇,引出下文;②③④⑤介绍了蝴蝶从卵变成蝴蝶的过程;⑥为总结,介绍了自然世界中还有很多神奇的东西。故选A。

【分析】
本题为英语阅读理解题，涵盖细节理解、词义猜测、主旨大意、文章结构四类常见题型，解题思路如下：
1. 第1题是细节理解题，需定位到第一段，逐一核对选项内容，排除提及的选项，找到未提及的即为答案；
2. 第2题是词义猜测题，需结合划线词所在句的上下文，特别是后文提到的“protective blanket（保护层）”，推断划线词的含义；
3. 第3题是主旨大意题，需梳理全文内容，明确文章核心是介绍蝴蝶的四个生命阶段，选择能概括核心的标题；
4. 第4题是文章结构题，需划分段落，分析每段的作用，确定总起、分述、总结的结构划分。
【解析】
1. 第1题：根据第一段内容，“Take a close look at the world of insects... Think about butterflies, for example”对应A项（蝴蝶是昆虫）；“They have beautiful colourful wings and strong fantastic flying skills”对应B项（擅长飞行）和C项（有彩色翅膀），只有D项（嗅觉好）未提及，故选D。
2. 第2题：根据第四段，“the caterpillar makes a cover for itself. It covers itself in a protective blanket and goes to sleep”，可知cover是毛虫为保护自己制作的东西，故选B。
3. 第3题：文章介绍了蝴蝶从卵、幼虫、蛹到成虫的四个生命阶段，“One insect, four lives”能概括核心内容，故选B。
4. 第4题：①段总起，引出昆虫世界的神奇；②-⑤段介绍蝴蝶的生长过程；⑥段总结自然的神奇，结构为①/②③④⑤/⑥，故选A。
【答案】
1.D 2.B 3.B 4.A
【知识点】
英语阅读理解；细节理解；主旨大意
【点评】
本题以蝴蝶生长发育为主题，考察英语阅读核心能力，题材贴近自然科普，符合初中英语阅读考察方向，能有效检验学生的语篇理解与信息提取能力。
【难度系数】
0.6