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四、短文填空
请从方框内选择适当的词，并根据需要用其正确形式填空，使文章语法正确、完整连贯。注意：每空一词，每词仅用一次，有两词为多余项。
Bill was outgoing and always helpful. What's more, he worked very hard and did well in all his 36. So everyone in his class liked him.
One day, a new student named Harry came to his school. He was different 37 Bill. He was taller and stronger than Bill. But he was less 38 than Bill. As a result, he always got lower grades than Bill did. But Harry had the 39 hobby as Bill. Both of them liked tennis. They 40 lots of things together.
However, after a few months, Bill's schoolwork got a bit worse. In Bill's heart, he knew he spent less time on 41 study. He also wanted Harry to study hard, 42 he talked with Harry. Bill's words 43 Harry and he decided to work hard.
From Bill and Harry's story, we can know it is 44 to talk with friends when you have problems. And we can also know that a good friend can 45 bring out the best in you.
36.
41.
请从方框内选择适当的词，并根据需要用其正确形式填空，使文章语法正确、完整连贯。注意：每空一词，每词仅用一次，有两词为多余项。
Bill was outgoing and always helpful. What's more, he worked very hard and did well in all his 36. So everyone in his class liked him.
One day, a new student named Harry came to his school. He was different 37 Bill. He was taller and stronger than Bill. But he was less 38 than Bill. As a result, he always got lower grades than Bill did. But Harry had the 39 hobby as Bill. Both of them liked tennis. They 40 lots of things together.
However, after a few months, Bill's schoolwork got a bit worse. In Bill's heart, he knew he spent less time on 41 study. He also wanted Harry to study hard, 42 he talked with Harry. Bill's words 43 Harry and he decided to work hard.
From Bill and Harry's story, we can know it is 44 to talk with friends when you have problems. And we can also know that a good friend can 45 bring out the best in you.
36.
subjects
37. from
38. hard-working
39. same
40. shared
41.
his
42. so
43. touched
44. necessary
45. really
答案
36. subjects
37. from
38. hard-working
39. same
40. shared
41. his
42. so
43. touched
44. necessary
45. really
37. from
38. hard-working
39. same
40. shared
41. his
42. so
43. touched
44. necessary
45. really
解析
【分析】
首先通读短文，理解文章讲述Bill与Harry成为好友、互相影响的故事。接着分析每个空格的语法成分与语境需求：36空在all his后需名词复数；37空考查固定搭配；38空在less后需形容词原级；39空考查固定搭配；40空句子为过去时态，动词需用过去式；41空修饰名词study需形容词性物主代词；42空前后为因果关系需连词；43空句子为过去时态，动词需用过去式；44空是it is + adj + to do结构需形容词；45空修饰动词短语需副词。再从方框选词，注意形式变化，确保每词仅用一次。
【解析】
36. 空格前有all，后接可数名词复数，方框中subject的复数形式为subjects，符合“所有科目”的语境，故填subjects。
37. 固定搭配be different from表示“与……不同”，故填from。
38. less后接形容词原级，结合前文Bill很勤奋，此处指Harry不如Bill勤奋，方框中hard-working符合，故填hard-working。
39. 固定搭配the same as表示“和……一样”，故填same。
40. 文章整体为过去时态，谓语动词需用过去式，方框中share的过去式为shared，符合“一起分享”的语境，故填shared。
41. 空格后是名词study，需用形容词性物主代词修饰，方框中he的形容词性物主代词是his，故填his。
42. 前文说Bill想让Harry努力学习，后文说他和Harry交谈，前后是因果关系，用连词so，故填so。
43. 文章为过去时态，谓语动词用过去式，Bill的话“触动”了Harry，方框中touch的过去式是touched，故填touched。
44. 结构it is + adj + to do sth.表示“做某事是……的”，结合语境“和朋友交流是必要的”，方框中necessary符合，故填necessary。
45. 空格处修饰动词短语bring out，需用副词，方框中really是副词，符合语境，故填really。
【答案】
36. subjects 37. from 38. hard-working 39. same 40. shared 41. his 42. so 43. touched 44. necessary 45. really
【知识点】
形容词用法、固定搭配、动词过去式
【点评】
本题为短文填空题型，考查词汇在语境中的正确运用，需结合语法规则和上下文逻辑选择词汇并调整形式，是初中英语基础题型，注重词汇的综合运用能力。
【难度系数】
0.6
首先通读短文，理解文章讲述Bill与Harry成为好友、互相影响的故事。接着分析每个空格的语法成分与语境需求：36空在all his后需名词复数；37空考查固定搭配；38空在less后需形容词原级；39空考查固定搭配；40空句子为过去时态，动词需用过去式；41空修饰名词study需形容词性物主代词；42空前后为因果关系需连词；43空句子为过去时态，动词需用过去式；44空是it is + adj + to do结构需形容词；45空修饰动词短语需副词。再从方框选词，注意形式变化，确保每词仅用一次。
【解析】
36. 空格前有all，后接可数名词复数，方框中subject的复数形式为subjects，符合“所有科目”的语境，故填subjects。
37. 固定搭配be different from表示“与……不同”，故填from。
38. less后接形容词原级，结合前文Bill很勤奋，此处指Harry不如Bill勤奋，方框中hard-working符合，故填hard-working。
39. 固定搭配the same as表示“和……一样”，故填same。
40. 文章整体为过去时态，谓语动词需用过去式，方框中share的过去式为shared，符合“一起分享”的语境，故填shared。
41. 空格后是名词study，需用形容词性物主代词修饰，方框中he的形容词性物主代词是his，故填his。
42. 前文说Bill想让Harry努力学习，后文说他和Harry交谈，前后是因果关系，用连词so，故填so。
43. 文章为过去时态，谓语动词用过去式，Bill的话“触动”了Harry，方框中touch的过去式是touched，故填touched。
44. 结构it is + adj + to do sth.表示“做某事是……的”，结合语境“和朋友交流是必要的”，方框中necessary符合，故填necessary。
45. 空格处修饰动词短语bring out，需用副词，方框中really是副词，符合语境，故填really。
【答案】
36. subjects 37. from 38. hard-working 39. same 40. shared 41. his 42. so 43. touched 44. necessary 45. really
【知识点】
形容词用法、固定搭配、动词过去式
【点评】
本题为短文填空题型，考查词汇在语境中的正确运用，需结合语法规则和上下文逻辑选择词汇并调整形式，是初中英语基础题型，注重词汇的综合运用能力。
【难度系数】
0.6
五、读写综合
A. 回答问题
请阅读下面短文，根据所提供的信息，回答五个问题，要求所写答案语法正确、信息完整切题。
Too many people want others to be their friends, but they don't give friendship back. That is why some friendships do not last very long. To have a friend, you must learn to treat your friend the way you want your friend to treat you. Learning to be a good friend means learning three rules—be honest, be generous(慷慨的), and be understanding.
Honesty is where a good friendship starts. Friends must be able to trust one another. If you do not tell the truth, friends usually find it out. If a friend finds out that you haven't been honest, you may lose your friend's trust. Good friends always believe in one another as they always speak and act honestly.
Generosity means sharing, and it makes a friendship grow. You do not have to give your lunch money or your clothes. Instead, you have to learn how to share things you enjoy, like your hobbies and your interests. Then, naturally you will want to share your ideas and feelings. These can be very valuable to friends. You tell your friends what is important to you. By sharing them, you help your friends know you better.
Sooner or later, everyone needs understanding and help with a problem. Something may go wrong at school. Talking about the problem can make it easier to solve. As a friend, listening can be the first step to help solve the problem. Besides, you must also try to put yourself in your friends' place so you can understand the problem better.
No two friendships are ever the same, but all true friendships have three things in common. If you plan to keep your friends, you must be honest, generous, and understanding.
46. Why can't some friendships last very long?
47. What does a good friendship begin with?
48. How can you help your friends know you better?
49. What can be the first step in solving the problem?
50. What is the passage mainly about?
A. 回答问题
请阅读下面短文，根据所提供的信息，回答五个问题，要求所写答案语法正确、信息完整切题。
Too many people want others to be their friends, but they don't give friendship back. That is why some friendships do not last very long. To have a friend, you must learn to treat your friend the way you want your friend to treat you. Learning to be a good friend means learning three rules—be honest, be generous(慷慨的), and be understanding.
Honesty is where a good friendship starts. Friends must be able to trust one another. If you do not tell the truth, friends usually find it out. If a friend finds out that you haven't been honest, you may lose your friend's trust. Good friends always believe in one another as they always speak and act honestly.
Generosity means sharing, and it makes a friendship grow. You do not have to give your lunch money or your clothes. Instead, you have to learn how to share things you enjoy, like your hobbies and your interests. Then, naturally you will want to share your ideas and feelings. These can be very valuable to friends. You tell your friends what is important to you. By sharing them, you help your friends know you better.
Sooner or later, everyone needs understanding and help with a problem. Something may go wrong at school. Talking about the problem can make it easier to solve. As a friend, listening can be the first step to help solve the problem. Besides, you must also try to put yourself in your friends' place so you can understand the problem better.
No two friendships are ever the same, but all true friendships have three things in common. If you plan to keep your friends, you must be honest, generous, and understanding.
46. Why can't some friendships last very long?
Because too many people want others to be their friends, but they don't give friendship back.
47. What does a good friendship begin with?
Honesty is where a good friendship starts.
48. How can you help your friends know you better?
By sharing hobbies, interests, ideas and feelings.
49. What can be the first step in solving the problem?
Listening can be the first step.
50. What is the passage mainly about?
The three rules that help people keep their friends.
答案
46. Because too many people want others to be their friends, but they don't give friendship back.
47. Honesty is where a good friendship starts.
48. By sharing hobbies, interests, ideas and feelings.
49. Listening can be the first step.
50. The three rules that help people keep their friends.
47. Honesty is where a good friendship starts.
48. By sharing hobbies, interests, ideas and feelings.
49. Listening can be the first step.
50. The three rules that help people keep their friends.
解析
【分析】
本题为英语阅读理解回答问题题型，解题思路为：先通读短文把握核心内容，再针对每个问题定位原文对应段落，提取关键信息，确保答案语法正确、信息完整切题。具体步骤：1. 问题46定位短文第一段，查找友谊无法长久的原因；2. 问题47定位第二段，明确好的友谊的开端；3. 问题48定位第三段，找到让朋友更了解自己的方式；4. 问题49定位第四段，确定解决问题的第一步；5. 问题50总结全文核心主旨。
【解析】
46题：根据短文第一段前两句“Too many people want others to be their friends, but they don't give friendship back. That is why some friendships do not last very long.”，提取原因整理为答案；
47题：直接提取短文第二段第一句“Honesty is where a good friendship starts.”作为答案；
48题：根据短文第三段中关于分享爱好、兴趣、想法和感受的描述，整理为答案；
49题：提取短文第四段“As a friend, listening can be the first step to help solve the problem.”作为答案；
50题：全文围绕帮助人们保持友谊的三个规则展开，总结主旨为答案。
【答案】
46. Because too many people want others to be their friends, but they don't give friendship back.
47. Honesty is where a good friendship starts.
48. By sharing hobbies, interests, ideas and feelings.
49. Listening can be the first step.
50. The three rules that help people keep their friends.
【知识点】
阅读理解（回答问题）、细节理解、主旨大意
【点评】
本题考查英语阅读理解的信息定位与提取能力，属于基础题型，学生通过定位原文对应内容即可完成作答，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.5
本题为英语阅读理解回答问题题型，解题思路为：先通读短文把握核心内容，再针对每个问题定位原文对应段落，提取关键信息，确保答案语法正确、信息完整切题。具体步骤：1. 问题46定位短文第一段，查找友谊无法长久的原因；2. 问题47定位第二段，明确好的友谊的开端；3. 问题48定位第三段，找到让朋友更了解自己的方式；4. 问题49定位第四段，确定解决问题的第一步；5. 问题50总结全文核心主旨。
【解析】
46题：根据短文第一段前两句“Too many people want others to be their friends, but they don't give friendship back. That is why some friendships do not last very long.”，提取原因整理为答案；
47题：直接提取短文第二段第一句“Honesty is where a good friendship starts.”作为答案；
48题：根据短文第三段中关于分享爱好、兴趣、想法和感受的描述，整理为答案；
49题：提取短文第四段“As a friend, listening can be the first step to help solve the problem.”作为答案；
50题：全文围绕帮助人们保持友谊的三个规则展开，总结主旨为答案。
【答案】
46. Because too many people want others to be their friends, but they don't give friendship back.
47. Honesty is where a good friendship starts.
48. By sharing hobbies, interests, ideas and feelings.
49. Listening can be the first step.
50. The three rules that help people keep their friends.
【知识点】
阅读理解（回答问题）、细节理解、主旨大意
【点评】
本题考查英语阅读理解的信息定位与提取能力，属于基础题型，学生通过定位原文对应内容即可完成作答，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.5
