四、阅读短文，在文中空白处填入1个适当的单词，或用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空。
I like reading books, especially novels. I enjoy reading the books of Robert Louis Stevenson because I find them really （excite）. For example, Treasure Island tells the story of a young boy who sails the sea to look for （hide）treasure. Jim, the main character in the book, is very brave. His story （give）me a lot of confidence. After reading the book, I am not as shy as before I am willing to try new things. I also want to travel and have nice （experience）in the future. Moreover, I have decided to write （me）own stories. Maybe I can become a （write）when I am older!
I always have a wonderful time when reading. I often meet my friends and we discuss what （read）. Books help me relax a hard day’s work. They also open up whole new world to me.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

1. exciting 2. hidden 3. gives 4. and 5. experiences 6. my 7. writer 8. to read 9. after 10. a

【分析】
这是一道基础短文语法填空题，解题时首先要通读全文，把握文章主旨（介绍作者的阅读爱好与读书的收获），明确全文整体以一般现在时为核心时态。之后逐个判断每个空格的考点：先区分空格需要的词性，再结合词性转换规则、谓语动词变形规则、固定搭配、上下文逻辑关系推导正确答案，最后把答案代入全文通读，验证语义通顺、语法合规即可。
【解析】
1. 第一空：此处是find sth+形容词的宾补结构，修饰指代书籍的代词them，描述事物的属性，需要用excite的-ing形式形容词exciting，意为“令人兴奋的”。
2. 第二空：此处作定语修饰名词treasure，表达“被隐藏的”含义，用hide的过去分词转化而来的形容词hidden。
3. 第三空：全文为一般现在时，主语His story是第三人称单数，谓语动词要变为第三人称单数形式gives。
4. 第四空：空前“我不像以前那么害羞”和空后“我愿意尝试新事物”是并列顺承的逻辑关系，用并列连词and连接两个分句。
5. 第五空：此处experience表示“具体的经历”，属于可数名词，结合语境指多段美好的经历，要变为复数形式experiences。
6. 第六空：固定搭配one's own sth表示“某人自己的某物”，需要用形容词性物主代词修饰后面的名词stories，me对应的形容词性物主代词是my。
7. 第七空：不定冠词a后接可数名词单数，此处表达“作家”的含义，动词write对应的职业名词是writer。
8. 第八空：此处是“疑问词+不定式”的固定结构作discuss的宾语，填to read。
9. 第九空：句意为“在一整天的辛苦工作之后，书籍帮我放松”，表达“在……之后”的含义用介词after。
10. 第十空：此处泛指“一个全新的世界”，whole以辅音音素开头，填入不定冠词a。
【答案】
1. exciting 2. hidden 3. gives 4. and 5. experiences 6. my 7. writer 8. to read 9. after 10. a
【知识点】
词性转换，动词时态，固定搭配
【点评】
本题属于初中阶段典型的基础语法填空题型，考点覆盖了常见的形容词变形、谓语单复数、非谓语结构、连词/介词/冠词基础用法，整体难度适中，重点考察学生对基础英语语法规则的掌握，需要学生注意区分-ing和-ed形容词、可数名词单复数等高频易错点，结合上下文语义推导答案。
【难度系数】
0.7

五、传统文化阅读理解。
The brush pen, one of the “Four Treasures of the Study”, was invented(发明) thousands of years ago. However, the oldest pen was just a stick or a piece of bamboo. It was difficult for people to write well on thin silk.
It is said that Meng Tian, a general(将军) of the Kingdom of Qin, improved(改进) the pen. When Meng was leading an army to fight against the Kingdom of Chu, he had to write reports to his king in time. But his pen was too hard and caused him much trouble, so he was thinking of ways to improve it.
One day after hunting, Meng made his way home with some wild rabbits on the back of his horse. Fat and heavy, one rabbit’s tail left a long trail(痕迹) on the ground when it moved on. Suddenly a good idea came to his mind when he saw it. “If I tie the rabbit’s hair to a stick, would it be easy to write with?”
On arriving home, he tied the rabbit’s hair to a stick and tried writing with it. But the rabbit’s hair was too smooth to write well and wasted a lot of silk. Meng was so disappointed(失望的) that he threw away his “invention” into a stone hole in the yard.
However, Meng never gave up and kept trying all the time. A few rainy days later, he happened to find his “invention” fatter in the stone hole. He picked it up with hope. The brush worked smoothly on silk. It turned out that the special water had cleaned the oil from the hair. Meng succeeded(成功) at last.
Thanks to Meng, the brush pen is playing a key role in Chinese culture. Today, students are taught to use brush pens in school. It helps them better understand Chinese culture.
()1. Why did Meng Tian want to improve the pen?
A. Because the king asked him to do so.
B. Because he wanted to be an inventor.
C. Because the pen brought him much trouble.
D. Because he didn’t have silk to write on.
()2. 新考法Which is the RIGHT order of improving the brush pen?
a. The brush pen could write well.
b. Meng tied the rabbit’s hair to a stick.
c. The special water washed the oil away.
d. Meng dropped the stick into a stone hole.
e. Meng came up with a new idea on the way home after hunting.
A. e-b-d-c-a
B. d-b-a-c-e
C. e-b-d-a-c
D. d-b-c-a-e
()3. How can the students understand Chinese culture better according to the passage?
A. By learning to use brush pens.
B. By inventing new things.
C. By making pens with animal hair.
D. By planting more bamboo.
()4. What can we learn from the passage?
A. Learn from animals.
B. Value wonderful memories.
C. Think twice before taking action.
D. Keep trying and never give up.

1. C 【点拨】根据“But his pen was too hard and caused him much trouble, so he was thinking of ways to improve it.”可知，蒙恬改进笔的原因是原来的笔给他带来了很多麻烦。故选 C。
2. A 【点拨】根据文章内容可知，改进毛笔的顺序是：蒙恬打猎回家的路上想到新主意（e）→他把兔毛绑在棍子上（b）→因不好用把它扔进院子的石洞里（d）→雨后石洞里特殊的水洗掉了兔毛上的油脂（c）→毛笔能很好地写字了（a）。故选 A。
3. A 【点拨】根据“Today, students are taught to use brush pens in school. It helps them better understand Chinese culture.”可知，学生通过学会使用毛笔可以更好地理解中国文化。故选 A。
4. D 【点拨】根据“However, Meng never gave up and kept trying all the time.”以及整个故事的发展可知，我们可以从文章中学到的是：不断尝试，永不放弃。故选 D。

【分析】
这是一篇结合中国传统文化的记叙文阅读理解，解题时首先通读全文，梳理清楚蒙恬改进毛笔的完整故事脉络，再针对不同题型的特点逐一突破：第一题属于细节题，带着“蒙恬改进笔的原因”的关键词回到原文第二段定位对应描述即可；第二题是排序类新考法，需要逐个定位a到e五个事件在文中出现的先后位置，匹配出正确顺序后排除错误选项；第三题同样是细节题，回到最后一段查找学生理解中国文化的相关描述即可；第四题是主旨道理题，结合全文蒙恬遭遇失败仍坚持尝试最终成功的核心情节，提炼文章传递的核心道理即可。
【解析】
1. 细节理解题：根据原文第二段最后一句"But his pen was too hard and caused him much trouble, so he was thinking of ways to improve it."可知，蒙恬想要改进笔是因为旧笔给他带来了很多麻烦。A选项“国王要求他这么做”、B选项“他想成为发明家”、D选项“他没有可以书写的丝绸”均不符合原文描述，因此选C。
2. 事件排序题：梳理全文事件先后：①第三段提到蒙恬打猎回家的路上想到了把兔毛绑在棍子上写字的新主意，对应事件e；②第四段提到他到家后把兔毛绑到棍子上尝试书写，对应事件b；③之后因为兔毛书写效果太差，他把这个半成品扔进了院子的石洞里，对应事件d；④第五段提到几天后石洞里的特殊水去掉了兔毛上的油脂，对应事件c；⑤最后改造后的毛笔可以顺滑地在丝绸上书写，对应事件a。完整顺序为e-b-d-c-a，对应选项A，其余选项的事件顺序均不符合原文叙事逻辑。
3. 细节理解题：根据原文最后一段"Today, students are taught to use brush pens in school. It helps them better understand Chinese culture."可知，学生通过学习使用毛笔可以更好地理解中国文化。B选项“发明新事物”、C选项“用动物毛制作笔”、D选项“种植更多竹子”均未在文中提及，因此选A。
4. 主旨归纳题：全文讲述了蒙恬改进毛笔时遭遇失败，但始终没有放弃、不断尝试最终成功的故事，传递出“不断尝试、永不放弃”的道理。A选项“向动物学习”、B选项“珍惜美好回忆”、C选项“三思而后行”均不符合文章核心表达的内涵，因此选D。
【答案】
1. C 2. A 3. A 4. D
【知识点】
阅读理解细节定位,文房四宝常识,主旨大意归纳
【点评】
本题将英语阅读能力考察和中国传统毛笔文化知识相结合，既考察学生快速定位文本信息、梳理叙事脉络的阅读能力，排序类新考法也锻炼了学生的逻辑梳理能力，同时借助蒙恬改进毛笔的故事向学生传递坚持不放弃的正向价值观，整体考察维度丰富。
【难度系数】
0.8