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五、阅读理解。(2024·四川南充)跨学科
Sugar painting, as the name means, is a painting made of sugar. It’s the sugar for us to taste, and the painting for us to admire.
Since the Warring States Period(战国时代), the ancient people loved sweets and developed methods of producing sugar. In the Tang dynasty, there was huge progress in the technology of sugar making. And sugar, the precious product once only served to the emperors and princes, also went into common people’s homes. With the cultural and economic (经济的) development of Song and Yuan dynasties, people became less interested in only tasting sweetness. In the Ming dynasty, some people added pictures with good luck into the bowl of sugar, and sugar painting appeared.
Sugar painting is different from normal painting. Sugar painters use syrup(糖浆) as the material, a spoon as the “paintbrush”, and a smooth table as the “paper”. To make syrup, they have to make sugar hot before painting. Since syrup may become hard if it cools, the painters have to produce the work very quickly. They move the spoon full of syrup up and down, left and right. Soon a sugar painting is done.
However, it’s a pity that this folk art is dying recently. The sugar painting that used to be rich in shapes has become poorer and poorer because of fewer needs. What’s worse, few people seem to be willing to pass on the art except those aging sugar painters.
For most people, painting is a kind of art and difficult to understand. However, sugar painting has pulled the art down into people’s daily lives. Through it, we may see the spiritual support of the ancient people across centuries. Now, sugar painting has been listed as an intangible cultural heritage (非物质文化遗产) in China. Therefore, the art should be remembered, missed and passed on.
(
A. Valuable and expensive.
B. Useful and cheap.
C. Special but worthless.
D. Simple but priceless.
(
A. In the Warring States Period.
B. In the Tang dynasty.
C. In the Yuan dynasty.
D. In the Ming dynasty.
(
A. To show their excellent skills.
B. To avoid syrup becoming hard.
C. To protect the spoon and the table.
D. To reduce people’s waiting time.
(
A. Uncaring.
B. Doubtful.
C. Worried.
D. Unclear.
(
A. Exploring the Art of Sugar Painting
B. Improving the Taste of Sugar Painting
C. Effects of the Sugar Producing Technology
D. Ways to Change the Future of Sugar Painting
Sugar painting, as the name means, is a painting made of sugar. It’s the sugar for us to taste, and the painting for us to admire.
Since the Warring States Period(战国时代), the ancient people loved sweets and developed methods of producing sugar. In the Tang dynasty, there was huge progress in the technology of sugar making. And sugar, the precious product once only served to the emperors and princes, also went into common people’s homes. With the cultural and economic (经济的) development of Song and Yuan dynasties, people became less interested in only tasting sweetness. In the Ming dynasty, some people added pictures with good luck into the bowl of sugar, and sugar painting appeared.
Sugar painting is different from normal painting. Sugar painters use syrup(糖浆) as the material, a spoon as the “paintbrush”, and a smooth table as the “paper”. To make syrup, they have to make sugar hot before painting. Since syrup may become hard if it cools, the painters have to produce the work very quickly. They move the spoon full of syrup up and down, left and right. Soon a sugar painting is done.
However, it’s a pity that this folk art is dying recently. The sugar painting that used to be rich in shapes has become poorer and poorer because of fewer needs. What’s worse, few people seem to be willing to pass on the art except those aging sugar painters.
For most people, painting is a kind of art and difficult to understand. However, sugar painting has pulled the art down into people’s daily lives. Through it, we may see the spiritual support of the ancient people across centuries. Now, sugar painting has been listed as an intangible cultural heritage (非物质文化遗产) in China. Therefore, the art should be remembered, missed and passed on.
(
A
)1. What does the underlined word “precious” in Paragraph 2 probably mean?A. Valuable and expensive.
B. Useful and cheap.
C. Special but worthless.
D. Simple but priceless.
(
D
)2. When did sugar painting appear?A. In the Warring States Period.
B. In the Tang dynasty.
C. In the Yuan dynasty.
D. In the Ming dynasty.
(
B
)3. Why should sugar painters make the work very quickly?A. To show their excellent skills.
B. To avoid syrup becoming hard.
C. To protect the spoon and the table.
D. To reduce people’s waiting time.
(
C
)4. What’s the writer’s attitude (态度) towards today’s sugar painting according to Paragraph 4?A. Uncaring.
B. Doubtful.
C. Worried.
D. Unclear.
(
A
)5. Which can be a suitable title for the passage?A. Exploring the Art of Sugar Painting
B. Improving the Taste of Sugar Painting
C. Effects of the Sugar Producing Technology
D. Ways to Change the Future of Sugar Painting
答案
1. A 【点拨】根据“And sugar, the precious product once only served to the emperors and princes, also went into common people's homes.”可知,糖曾经只供皇帝和王子食用,可推知是非常珍贵的。故选A。
2. D 【点拨】根据第二段最后一句“In the Ming dynasty, some people added pictures with good luck into the bowl of sugar, and sugar painting appeared.”可知,糖画出现于明朝。故选D。
3. B 【点拨】根据第三段中的“Since syrup may become hard if it cools, the painters have to produce the work very quickly.”可知,由于糖浆冷却后可能会变硬,所以画家们必须迅速完成作品。故选B。
4. C 【点拨】根据“However, it's a pity that this folk art is dying recently.”和“What's worse, few people seem to be willing to pass on the art except those aging sugar painters.”可知,作者对糖画这种艺术形式的未来是感到担忧的。故选C。
5. A 【点拨】本文主要介绍了一种中国传统艺术形式兼小吃——糖画。因此,A项“探索糖画的艺术”为最佳标题。故选A。
2. D 【点拨】根据第二段最后一句“In the Ming dynasty, some people added pictures with good luck into the bowl of sugar, and sugar painting appeared.”可知,糖画出现于明朝。故选D。
3. B 【点拨】根据第三段中的“Since syrup may become hard if it cools, the painters have to produce the work very quickly.”可知,由于糖浆冷却后可能会变硬,所以画家们必须迅速完成作品。故选B。
4. C 【点拨】根据“However, it's a pity that this folk art is dying recently.”和“What's worse, few people seem to be willing to pass on the art except those aging sugar painters.”可知,作者对糖画这种艺术形式的未来是感到担忧的。故选C。
5. A 【点拨】本文主要介绍了一种中国传统艺术形式兼小吃——糖画。因此,A项“探索糖画的艺术”为最佳标题。故选A。
解析
【分析】
这是一篇介绍中国非物质文化遗产糖画的说明文阅读理解，5道题覆盖词义猜测、细节理解、推理判断、主旨大意四类常规阅读题型，解题思路如下：
1. 词义猜测题：定位划线词所在句，抓住后文“曾经只供给皇帝和亲王使用”的提示，就能推断出该物品属性是珍贵、价值高的，匹配对应选项。
2. 细节理解题（第2、3题）：直接根据题干关键词回到原文定位对应语句，提取原文给出的事实信息即可选出答案，无需复杂推导。
3. 推理判断题（第4题）：定位指定的第4段，抓取作者带有情感倾向的描述，比如“遗憾”“民间艺术正在消亡”“几乎没人愿意传承”，就能判断作者的态度。
4. 主旨大意题（选标题）：选出能覆盖全文核心内容的选项，排除只覆盖局部内容的干扰项，本文全程围绕糖画这种传统艺术展开介绍，即可匹配最贴合的标题。
【解析】
1. 第1题：划线词所在句提到古代的糖曾经只供给帝王贵族使用，说明当时糖是非常珍贵、价值高的商品，A选项“贵重且昂贵的”符合语境，其余选项的“便宜”“无价值”“简单”均不符合逻辑。
2. 第2题：原文第二段最后一句明确说明“在明朝，有人把带有吉祥寓意的图案加入糖碗中，糖画就出现了”，直接可知糖画出现在明朝，选D。
3. 第3题：原文第三段明确给出原因“因为糖浆冷却后会变硬，所以画师必须快速完成作品”，可知快速制作是为了避免糖浆冷却变硬，选B。
4. 第4题：第四段作者提到糖画这门民间艺术正在消亡，年轻传承人极少，字里行间流露出对糖画传承现状的担忧，对应C选项“担忧的”。
5. 第5题：全文依次介绍了糖画的起源历史、制作工艺、现存困境、文化价值，核心是围绕糖画这门传统艺术展开探索，其余选项的“提升糖画口味”“制糖技术的影响”“改变糖画未来的方法”都属于局部内容或原文未提及，只有A“探索糖画的艺术”最适合作为全文标题。
【答案】
1. A 2. D 3. B 4. C 5. A
【知识点】
阅读理解词义猜测，阅读细节信息提取，阅读理解主旨大意
【点评】
本题结合中国传统非遗文化主题，既考察了初中英语阅读理解的基础解题能力，又渗透了文化自信的引导，题目设置梯度平缓，绝大多数答案都能在原文找到明确依据，仅态度题需要简单的情感推理，同时引导学生关注传统民间艺术的传承价值，符合跨学科题目的命题导向。
【难度系数】
0.8
这是一篇介绍中国非物质文化遗产糖画的说明文阅读理解，5道题覆盖词义猜测、细节理解、推理判断、主旨大意四类常规阅读题型，解题思路如下：
1. 词义猜测题：定位划线词所在句，抓住后文“曾经只供给皇帝和亲王使用”的提示，就能推断出该物品属性是珍贵、价值高的，匹配对应选项。
2. 细节理解题（第2、3题）：直接根据题干关键词回到原文定位对应语句，提取原文给出的事实信息即可选出答案，无需复杂推导。
3. 推理判断题（第4题）：定位指定的第4段，抓取作者带有情感倾向的描述，比如“遗憾”“民间艺术正在消亡”“几乎没人愿意传承”，就能判断作者的态度。
4. 主旨大意题（选标题）：选出能覆盖全文核心内容的选项，排除只覆盖局部内容的干扰项，本文全程围绕糖画这种传统艺术展开介绍，即可匹配最贴合的标题。
【解析】
1. 第1题：划线词所在句提到古代的糖曾经只供给帝王贵族使用，说明当时糖是非常珍贵、价值高的商品，A选项“贵重且昂贵的”符合语境，其余选项的“便宜”“无价值”“简单”均不符合逻辑。
2. 第2题：原文第二段最后一句明确说明“在明朝，有人把带有吉祥寓意的图案加入糖碗中，糖画就出现了”，直接可知糖画出现在明朝，选D。
3. 第3题：原文第三段明确给出原因“因为糖浆冷却后会变硬，所以画师必须快速完成作品”，可知快速制作是为了避免糖浆冷却变硬，选B。
4. 第4题：第四段作者提到糖画这门民间艺术正在消亡，年轻传承人极少，字里行间流露出对糖画传承现状的担忧，对应C选项“担忧的”。
5. 第5题：全文依次介绍了糖画的起源历史、制作工艺、现存困境、文化价值，核心是围绕糖画这门传统艺术展开探索，其余选项的“提升糖画口味”“制糖技术的影响”“改变糖画未来的方法”都属于局部内容或原文未提及，只有A“探索糖画的艺术”最适合作为全文标题。
【答案】
1. A 2. D 3. B 4. C 5. A
【知识点】
阅读理解词义猜测，阅读细节信息提取，阅读理解主旨大意
【点评】
本题结合中国传统非遗文化主题，既考察了初中英语阅读理解的基础解题能力，又渗透了文化自信的引导，题目设置梯度平缓，绝大多数答案都能在原文找到明确依据，仅态度题需要简单的情感推理，同时引导学生关注传统民间艺术的传承价值，符合跨学科题目的命题导向。
【难度系数】
0.8
