一、根据句意，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空。
culture, late, amaze, course, proper
1. The desktop can't work ,
because it's too old.
2. They can't wait to read the
news about their favorite players.
3. I was by the kindness of
strangers I met in this city.
4. Li Xiang thinks travelling opens the
door to different .
5. I decided to take online to
improve my oral English.

1. properly 2. latest 3. amazed
4. cultures 5. courses

【分析】
这是词形变换类选词填空题，解题思路分三步：第一步先梳理方框内给出的5个原词的词性、常见变形和词义；第二步逐句分析句意，判断空格处所需要的词性、词形属性；第三步结合语境和固定搭配，从备选词中匹配并变换为正确形式，同时要注意语法规则的适配。
【解析】
1. 句意为“这台台式电脑不能正常工作了，因为它太老旧了”，空格处修饰动词work，需要使用副词，proper的副词形式是properly，意为“适当地、正常地”，符合语境。
2. 句意为“他们迫不及待想要读到关于他们最喜爱的运动员的最新消息”，空格处修饰名词news，需要形容词，late的最高级latest意为“最新的”，latest news是常用搭配“最新消息”，符合语境。
3. 句意为“我被我在这座城市遇到的陌生人的善意惊呆了”，此处修饰人的感受，固定搭配be amazed by表示“对……感到惊讶/震惊”，因此填amaze的形容词形式amazed。
4. 句意为“李想认为旅行能打开通往不同文化的大门”，different后面需要接可数名词的复数形式，此处表示不同的多种文化，因此culture变为复数cultures。
5. 句意为“我决定上网课来提升我的英语口语”，此处表示泛指多门网络课程，course是可数名词，需要变为复数形式courses，online courses是常用搭配“网络课程”。
【答案】
1. properly 2. latest 3. amazed 4. cultures 5. courses
【知识点】
词性转换；固定搭配；名词单复数
【点评】
本题属于初中英语基础词形运用题型，考察维度全面，既要求学生掌握常见的形容词、副词相互转换规则，也要求学生区分同根形容词amazed和amazing的用法差异，同时涉及名词复数的变形规则，是夯实词汇基础的典型习题。
【难度系数】
0.7

二、阅读理解。
How do you move the cursor when using a computer? Most people would say, "With a mouse." But in the past, there was no mouse. The user could only use the keyboard to do things.
In 1964, the world's first computer mouse came into being. It was made by Douglas Engelbart, a scientist from California. The mouse was just like a wooden
box. There were two metal wheels on the front and the left side, and one button on the top. Engelbart called it the "Bug". But the long cable at the back made it look like a real mouse, so people started calling it a "mouse". Though simple, this invention changed how people used computers.
A few years later, around 1972, an American engineer named Bill English,

made an improvement. He replaced the wheels with a rolling ball at the bottom. People found the "Ball Mouse" easier to use and it became very popular in the 1980s and 1990s. However, this product had a problem — dirt and dust would get inside and make the mouse hard to move over time.
In 1980s, the optical mouse appeared. It didn't need a ball, but it was expensive. People didn't use it widely until the early 2000s.
From Engelbart's "Bug" to today's mouse, the computer mouse developed a lot. Thousands of scientists worked to make the mouse more user-friendly. Now, can you imagine what the mouse will be like in the future?
根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
()1. Why was the first computer mouse called "mouse"?
A. Because it had a wooden box shape.
B. Because Engelbart loved animals.
C. Because the long cable made it look like a real mouse.
D. Because it moved quickly like a real mouse.
()2. Why wasn't the optical mouse widely used at first?
A. Because it was difficult to use.
B. Because it often got stuck by dust.
C. Because it looked ugly.
D. Because it was too expensive.
()3. What does the underlined word "replaced" in paragraph 3 probably mean?
A. Use something for a second time.
B. Use something else instead.
C. Add something new.
D. Make studies on.
()4. What's the right order of the following events?
① The user used the keyboard to do things.
② The optical mouse was widely used after the early 2000s.
③ Douglas Engelbart created the first computer mouse.
④ Bill English created a rolling ball to replace the wheels.
A. ④→③→②→①
B. ④→①→③→②
C. ①→③→④→②
D. ①→④→③→②
()5. What is the main idea of the text?
A. How to choose a good computer mouse.
B. The history of the computer mouse.
C. The problems of different kinds of computer mouses.
D. The invention of the first computer mouse.

1. C 由第二段倒数第二句可知，后面
的长电缆让它看起来像真老鼠，
因此得名。故选C。
2. D 由第四段第二句可知，光学鼠标
太贵了，所以直到21世纪早期
才广泛使用。故选D。
3. B 由下文可知，此处意为，用滚动
球取代轮子。B选项表述符合文
意。故选B。
4. C 通读全文可知，事件发生的正确
顺序是：最初用户只能通过键盘
操作→一位名叫 Douglas
Engelbart的科学家发明了鼠标→
Bill English发明滚动球替代了轮
子→21世纪后，光学鼠标被广泛
使用。故选C。
5. B 通读全文可知，文章按时间顺序
介绍了鼠标的发展历程。故
选B。

【分析】
做这篇阅读理解时，我们可以按照不同题型的对应思路逐步解题：1. 细节类题目直接带着题干关键词回原文定位，找到和选项匹配的原文表述即可选出答案，排除无中生有、和原文矛盾的干扰项；2. 词义猜测题结合划线词前后的内容，对比前后物品的变化推断词义；3. 排序题把每个事件对应的时间点从原文里找出来，按时间先后排列就能得到正确顺序；4. 主旨大意题通读全文梳理核心脉络，排除片面、偏离主题的干扰项，选出最贴合全文内容的答案。
【解析】
1. 第1题：定位原文第二段"But the long cable at the back made it look like a real mouse, so people started calling it a "mouse""，可知初代鼠标得名的原因是背后的长线缆让它看起来像真的老鼠，对应选项C。A是初代鼠标的外形特点，不是得名原因，B、D原文均无相关表述，排除。
2. 第2题：定位原文第四段"In 1980s, the optical mouse appeared. It didn't need a ball, but it was expensive. People didn't use it widely until the early 2000s"，可知光学鼠标最初没有被广泛使用是因为价格昂贵，对应选项D。A表述和原文不符，B是滚球鼠标的缺陷，C原文无相关表述，排除。
3. 第3题：划线词所在句的前文提到初代鼠标正面和侧面有两个金属轮，后文提到改造后的鼠标底部有滚球，说明是用滚球替换了原本的金属轮，"replaced"的含义是用别的事物代替原有事物，对应选项B。A意为重复利用，C意为添加新物品，D意为开展研究，均不符合语境。
4. 第4题：梳理全文事件的时间先后：①没有鼠标的早期，用户只能用键盘操作电脑→③1964年Douglas Engelbart发明世界上第一个电脑鼠标→④1972年左右Bill English用滚球替代了初代鼠标的金属轮→②21世纪初之后光学鼠标得到广泛使用，正确顺序为①→③→④→②，对应选项C。
5. 第5题：全文按照时间顺序，从鼠标诞生前的操作方式，到初代鼠标、滚球鼠标、光学鼠标的迭代发展，整体介绍了电脑鼠标的发展历程，对应选项B。A文中未提及挑选鼠标的方法，C只提到不同鼠标的问题过于片面，D只讲第一个鼠标的发明不能覆盖全文内容，均排除。
【答案】
1-5 CDBCB
【知识点】
细节信息定位，词义猜测，主旨大意归纳
【点评】
这是一篇介绍科技产品发展史的说明文阅读，整体考点偏向基础，绝大多数题目都可以通过回原文定位直接找到答案，仅排序题需要梳理时间线、主旨题需要避免以偏概全的误区，适合用来锻炼信息检索和文本脉络梳理的能力。
【难度系数】
0.8