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六、阅读短文，判断正(T)误(F)。
Jim goes to New York by train. He wants to see his aunt. But when he walks out of the station, it rains heavily, so he can't find his way. The city is now very different from before. He sees a young man in a police uniform, so he goes up to ask him for help. The young man looks at him for a long time, and then he says, "I'm sorry, sir. I'm not the policeman here. I'm a policeman from another city. I also want to find a policeman to ask the way."
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Jim goes to New York by train. He wants to see his aunt. But when he walks out of the station, it rains heavily, so he can't find his way. The city is now very different from before. He sees a young man in a police uniform, so he goes up to ask him for help. The young man looks at him for a long time, and then he says, "I'm sorry, sir. I'm not the policeman here. I'm a policeman from another city. I also want to find a policeman to ask the way."
(
F
) 1. Jim goes to New York to see his friend.(
T
) 2. The story happens on a rainy day.(
F
) 3. Jim goes to New York for the first time.(
T
) 4. The young man doesn't know New York well.(
F
) 5. Jim asks a policeman from New York for help.答案
1. F 2. T 3. F 解析：根据文中“The city is now very different from before.”可知，他之前就来过这里，所以他并不是第一次来纽约。 4. T 5. F 解析：根据文中“I'm a policeman from another city.”可知，这个警察不是来自纽约。
解析
【分析】
做这类阅读判断正误题时，首先先通读全文梳理故事大意，再逐个划出题干中的核心关键词，带着关键词回到原文定位对应的语句，将题干描述和原文信息逐一比对，信息完全一致则判断为正确（T），信息矛盾则判断为错误（F）。比如第1题抓关键词"see his friend"，回到原文找Jim去纽约的目的；第3题抓关键词"for the first time"，定位原文关于城市变化的描述推导Jim是否之前来过，一步步就能得出所有题的答案。
【解析】
1. 原文明确说明Jim去纽约的目的是"He wants to see his aunt"，并非看望朋友，和题干表述矛盾，故答案为F。
2. 原文提到"when he walks out of the station, it rains heavily"，说明故事发生的时候正下大雨，确实是雨天，和题干表述一致，故答案为T。
3. 原文提到"The city is now very different from before"，说明Jim之前就来过纽约，知道这座城市过去的样子，因此他不是第一次来纽约，和题干表述矛盾，故答案为F。
4. 原文提到这个穿警服的年轻人是来自其他城市的警察，甚至自己都要找当地警察问路，说明他对纽约并不熟悉，和题干表述一致，故答案为T。
5. 原文中年轻人明确说明"I'm a policeman from another city"，说明Jim求助的人并不是来自纽约本地的警察，和题干表述矛盾，故答案为F。
【知识点】
细节信息定位；阅读正误判断
【点评】
本题属于基础类英语阅读判断题，大部分题目都可以直接通过原文定位得到答案，仅第3题需要结合文本语句做简单的逻辑推导，整体干扰性弱，主要考察学生抓取短文关键信息、比对文本和题干信息差异的基础阅读能力。
【难度系数】
0.8
做这类阅读判断正误题时，首先先通读全文梳理故事大意，再逐个划出题干中的核心关键词，带着关键词回到原文定位对应的语句，将题干描述和原文信息逐一比对，信息完全一致则判断为正确（T），信息矛盾则判断为错误（F）。比如第1题抓关键词"see his friend"，回到原文找Jim去纽约的目的；第3题抓关键词"for the first time"，定位原文关于城市变化的描述推导Jim是否之前来过，一步步就能得出所有题的答案。
【解析】
1. 原文明确说明Jim去纽约的目的是"He wants to see his aunt"，并非看望朋友，和题干表述矛盾，故答案为F。
2. 原文提到"when he walks out of the station, it rains heavily"，说明故事发生的时候正下大雨，确实是雨天，和题干表述一致，故答案为T。
3. 原文提到"The city is now very different from before"，说明Jim之前就来过纽约，知道这座城市过去的样子，因此他不是第一次来纽约，和题干表述矛盾，故答案为F。
4. 原文提到这个穿警服的年轻人是来自其他城市的警察，甚至自己都要找当地警察问路，说明他对纽约并不熟悉，和题干表述一致，故答案为T。
5. 原文中年轻人明确说明"I'm a policeman from another city"，说明Jim求助的人并不是来自纽约本地的警察，和题干表述矛盾，故答案为F。
【知识点】
细节信息定位；阅读正误判断
【点评】
本题属于基础类英语阅读判断题，大部分题目都可以直接通过原文定位得到答案，仅第3题需要结合文本语句做简单的逻辑推导，整体干扰性弱，主要考察学生抓取短文关键信息、比对文本和题干信息差异的基础阅读能力。
【难度系数】
0.8
七、[跨学科]阅读短文，完成下列各题。
A forest is a large piece of land with a lot of trees. There are different kinds of forests all over the world.
In some places, there are different seasons in a year. The trees in these places usually have large leaves. The leaves use sunlight and water to make food for the trees in summer. In autumn, the green leaves change to yellow, orange, red or brown and then fall off the trees. In winter, the trees are bare (光秃秃的). Then, in spring, new leaves grow again.
In some forests, trees are never bare. Leaves do not fall off the trees every year. The trees are always green, so we call these forests evergreen forests. These forests are in cold countries with long winters and short summers. Trees in these forests do not need much sunlight. They have needle-shaped leaves. One of the largest evergreen forests is in Siberia. Most of it is in the north of Asia. It extends about 5,800 kilometres from west to east.
Some forests are in hot and wet places near the equator (赤道). These places have no summer or winter. There is always a lot of sunlight and a lot of rain, so people call these forests rainforests. The largest rainforest in the world is in South America. It is about 7 million square (平方) kilometres.
(一) 选择正确的答案。
(
A. Two. B. Three. C. Four.
(
A. in America B. in Siberia C. in China
(
A. hot B. wet C. both A and B
(二) 回答问题。
1. How big is the largest rainforest in the world?
2. Where are the evergreen forests?
A forest is a large piece of land with a lot of trees. There are different kinds of forests all over the world.
In some places, there are different seasons in a year. The trees in these places usually have large leaves. The leaves use sunlight and water to make food for the trees in summer. In autumn, the green leaves change to yellow, orange, red or brown and then fall off the trees. In winter, the trees are bare (光秃秃的). Then, in spring, new leaves grow again.
In some forests, trees are never bare. Leaves do not fall off the trees every year. The trees are always green, so we call these forests evergreen forests. These forests are in cold countries with long winters and short summers. Trees in these forests do not need much sunlight. They have needle-shaped leaves. One of the largest evergreen forests is in Siberia. Most of it is in the north of Asia. It extends about 5,800 kilometres from west to east.
Some forests are in hot and wet places near the equator (赤道). These places have no summer or winter. There is always a lot of sunlight and a lot of rain, so people call these forests rainforests. The largest rainforest in the world is in South America. It is about 7 million square (平方) kilometres.
(一) 选择正确的答案。
(
B
) 1. How many kinds of forests are mentioned in the passage?A. Two. B. Three. C. Four.
(
B
) 2. One of the largest evergreen forests is .A. in America B. in Siberia C. in China
(
C
) 3. You will feel in the rainforests.A. hot B. wet C. both A and B
(二) 回答问题。
1. How big is the largest rainforest in the world?
It's about 7 million square kilometres.
2. Where are the evergreen forests?
They are in cold countries with long winters and short summers.
答案
（一）1. B 解析：由短文第二、三、四段可知，短文介绍了三种森林。 2. B 3. C
（二）1. It's about 7 million square kilometres. 2. They are in cold countries with long winters and short summers.
（二）1. It's about 7 million square kilometres. 2. They are in cold countries with long winters and short summers.
解析
【分析】
这是一篇科普类跨学科英语阅读题，解题思路非常清晰：首先通读全文梳理文本介绍的核心内容，再对照每道题的题干关键词，回到原文精准定位对应的语句，直接提取或者匹配信息就能得出答案。做选择题时可以将选项和原文内容逐一比对排除错误项，做问答题时定位到对应原句，整理成符合问题逻辑的回答即可，比如第一题统计森林种类时，逐段标记每段介绍的森林类型，就能准确数出总数量，避免出错。
【解析】
（一）选择题
1. 通读全文可知，第二段介绍了随四季变换落叶、萌发新叶的落叶林，第三段介绍了四季常青的常绿林，第四段介绍了赤道附近的热带雨林，一共提到了3种森林，因此选B。
2. 定位原文第三段语句"One of the largest evergreen forests is in Siberia"，可知最大的常绿林之一位于西伯利亚，对应选项B。
3. 定位原文第四段语句"Some forests are in hot and wet places near the equator"，可知热带雨林的环境既炎热又潮湿，A、B两项描述都正确，因此选C。
（二）回答问题
1. 根据题干关键词"largest rainforest"定位到原文第四段最后一句，直接提取对应信息作答即可。
2. 根据题干关键词"evergreen forests"定位到原文第三段对应描述语句，提取相关内容整理作答即可。
【答案】
（一）1. B 2. B 3. C
（二）1. It's about 7 million square kilometres.
2. They are in cold countries with long winters and short summers.
【知识点】
阅读细节定位，森林类型常识
【点评】
本题属于跨学科基础科普阅读，将英语信息提取能力和地理森林科普知识相结合，所有考点都能在原文中直接找到对应依据，难度较低，主要考查学生快速抓取文本关键信息的能力，做题时养成带着题干关键词回文定位的习惯，就能有效避免数错森林数量这类低级失误。
【难度系数】
0.8
这是一篇科普类跨学科英语阅读题，解题思路非常清晰：首先通读全文梳理文本介绍的核心内容，再对照每道题的题干关键词，回到原文精准定位对应的语句，直接提取或者匹配信息就能得出答案。做选择题时可以将选项和原文内容逐一比对排除错误项，做问答题时定位到对应原句，整理成符合问题逻辑的回答即可，比如第一题统计森林种类时，逐段标记每段介绍的森林类型，就能准确数出总数量，避免出错。
【解析】
（一）选择题
1. 通读全文可知，第二段介绍了随四季变换落叶、萌发新叶的落叶林，第三段介绍了四季常青的常绿林，第四段介绍了赤道附近的热带雨林，一共提到了3种森林，因此选B。
2. 定位原文第三段语句"One of the largest evergreen forests is in Siberia"，可知最大的常绿林之一位于西伯利亚，对应选项B。
3. 定位原文第四段语句"Some forests are in hot and wet places near the equator"，可知热带雨林的环境既炎热又潮湿，A、B两项描述都正确，因此选C。
（二）回答问题
1. 根据题干关键词"largest rainforest"定位到原文第四段最后一句，直接提取对应信息作答即可。
2. 根据题干关键词"evergreen forests"定位到原文第三段对应描述语句，提取相关内容整理作答即可。
【答案】
（一）1. B 2. B 3. C
（二）1. It's about 7 million square kilometres.
2. They are in cold countries with long winters and short summers.
【知识点】
阅读细节定位，森林类型常识
【点评】
本题属于跨学科基础科普阅读，将英语信息提取能力和地理森林科普知识相结合，所有考点都能在原文中直接找到对应依据，难度较低，主要考查学生快速抓取文本关键信息的能力，做题时养成带着题干关键词回文定位的习惯，就能有效避免数错森林数量这类低级失误。
【难度系数】
0.8
