一、词汇运用
1. It's not
2. Zheng Qinwen's
3. Cangjie is said to be the
4. If you are
5. My little brother always
6. The teacher
7. The kind little boy waited for an hour and
8. Tim was
9. The children are old enough to look after
10. The little girl had to speak
1. It's not
possible
(可能的) to make up for the lost time, so we should make good use of it.2. Zheng Qinwen's
journey
(旅程) from a girl to an Olympic champion (冠军) encourages many people.3. Cangjie is said to be the
inventor
(发明者) of Chinese characters (汉字).4. If you are
curious
(好奇的) about Harbin's local culture, you can go to the Central Street.5. My little brother always
repeats
(重复) my words like a parrot!6. The teacher
guided
(指导) the students step by step in the science experiment.7. The kind little boy waited for an hour and
returned
(归还) the smartphone to the owner.8. Tim was
badly
(bad) ill and he had to be absent (缺席的) from school for about a month.9. The children are old enough to look after
themselves
(they) when their parents are not at home.10. The little girl had to speak
aloud
(loud) on the phone as it was noisy around.答案
1. possible 2. journey 3. inventor 4. curious 5. repeats
6. guided 7. returned 8. badly 9. themselves 10. aloud
6. guided 7. returned 8. badly 9. themselves 10. aloud
解析
【分析】本题为英语词汇运用题,需结合句子语境、固定搭配、词性要求、动词时态等规则,将括号内的中文提示或单词转换为正确形式。解题时先判断每空所需词性,再根据语法规则调整词形,如动词的时态变化、代词的反身形式、副词修饰形容词/动词等。
【解析】1. 固定句型“it's not possible to do sth”表示“做某事不可能”,故填possible;2. 此处需名词作主语,“旅程”对应journey;3. 此处指人,“发明者”对应inventor;4. 固定搭配“be curious about”表示“对……好奇”,故填curious;5. 主语my little brother为第三人称单数,一般现在时,动词repeat需变第三人称单数形式repeats;6. 描述过去的动作,动词guide用过去式guided;7. 与前面的waited并列,用过去式returned;8. 修饰形容词ill,需用副词badly;9. 主语children对应的反身代词为themselves;10. 修饰动词speak,需用副词aloud(强调出声地,符合语境)。
【答案】1. possible 2. journey 3. inventor 4. curious 5. repeats 6. guided 7. returned 8. badly 9. themselves 10. aloud
【知识点】英语词汇运用、词性转换、动词时态
【点评】本题考查初中英语基础词汇的运用,涉及固定搭配、词性变化、时态等核心知识点,题型常见,难度适中,侧重基础能力考查。
【难度系数】0.7
【解析】1. 固定句型“it's not possible to do sth”表示“做某事不可能”,故填possible;2. 此处需名词作主语,“旅程”对应journey;3. 此处指人,“发明者”对应inventor;4. 固定搭配“be curious about”表示“对……好奇”,故填curious;5. 主语my little brother为第三人称单数,一般现在时,动词repeat需变第三人称单数形式repeats;6. 描述过去的动作,动词guide用过去式guided;7. 与前面的waited并列,用过去式returned;8. 修饰形容词ill,需用副词badly;9. 主语children对应的反身代词为themselves;10. 修饰动词speak,需用副词aloud(强调出声地,符合语境)。
【答案】1. possible 2. journey 3. inventor 4. curious 5. repeats 6. guided 7. returned 8. badly 9. themselves 10. aloud
【知识点】英语词汇运用、词性转换、动词时态
【点评】本题考查初中英语基础词汇的运用,涉及固定搭配、词性变化、时态等核心知识点,题型常见,难度适中,侧重基础能力考查。
【难度系数】0.7
(
A.in her thirties
B.in her thirtieth
C.at her thirties
D.at her thirtieth
A
) 1. Her mother is over forty, but she looks .A.in her thirties
B.in her thirtieth
C.at her thirties
D.at her thirtieth
答案
1.A
解析
【分析】首先,本题考查英语中表达“在某人几十岁”的固定短语用法,解题时需回忆相关固定搭配,逐一分析选项排除错误项,选出正确答案。
【解析】英语中表示“在某人几十岁时”的固定搭配为“in one's + 整十基数词的复数形式”。A选项“in her thirties”符合该固定搭配,意为“在她三十多岁时”,契合语境;B选项使用序数词thirtieth,不符合该短语的用法;C、D选项误用介词at,该短语需用介词in,因此排除B、C、D。
【答案】A
【知识点】固定搭配(年龄表达)
【点评】本题考查基础的年龄表达固定短语,属于英语语法中的基础知识点,需牢记常用搭配即可轻松作答。
【难度系数】0.8
【解析】英语中表示“在某人几十岁时”的固定搭配为“in one's + 整十基数词的复数形式”。A选项“in her thirties”符合该固定搭配,意为“在她三十多岁时”,契合语境;B选项使用序数词thirtieth,不符合该短语的用法;C、D选项误用介词at,该短语需用介词in,因此排除B、C、D。
【答案】A
【知识点】固定搭配(年龄表达)
【点评】本题考查基础的年龄表达固定短语,属于英语语法中的基础知识点,需牢记常用搭配即可轻松作答。
【难度系数】0.8
(
A.finally
B.early
C.slowly
D.correctly
C
) 2. You should walk in snowy weather so that you will not fall over.A.finally
B.early
C.slowly
D.correctly
答案
2.C
解析
【分析】本题是英语副词词义辨析题,解题思路为:先理解句子句意,再逐一分析各选项副词的含义,结合雪天走路防摔倒的生活常识,选出符合语境的副词。
【解析】句子意为“在雪天你应该______走,这样你就不会摔倒”。逐一分析选项:A. finally(最后),不符合语境;B. early(提早),与防摔倒无关;C. slowly(慢地),雪天慢走可防止摔倒,符合句意;D. correctly(正确地),无法对应防摔倒的需求。因此选C。
【答案】C
【知识点】副词词义辨析、语境运用
【点评】本题结合生活常识考查副词词义,难度较低,掌握各副词含义并理解句意即可轻松作答。
【难度系数】0.8
【解析】句子意为“在雪天你应该______走,这样你就不会摔倒”。逐一分析选项:A. finally(最后),不符合语境;B. early(提早),与防摔倒无关;C. slowly(慢地),雪天慢走可防止摔倒,符合句意;D. correctly(正确地),无法对应防摔倒的需求。因此选C。
【答案】C
【知识点】副词词义辨析、语境运用
【点评】本题结合生活常识考查副词词义,难度较低,掌握各副词含义并理解句意即可轻松作答。
【难度系数】0.8
(
— That's why he always says, "Fixing is better than buying new."
A.across
B.against
C.along
D.above
B
) 3. — My father is wasting anything.— That's why he always says, "Fixing is better than buying new."
A.across
B.against
C.along
D.above
答案
3.B
解析
【分析】本题考查介词的词义辨析,解题时需先理解对话语境,明确父亲的态度,再分析各选项介词的含义,结合固定搭配选出正确答案。对话中答语提到“修比买新的好”,说明父亲是反对浪费的,据此可判断合适的介词。
【解析】首先分析语境:答语“Fixing is better than buying new.”(修东西比买新的好)体现出父亲反对浪费的态度。再辨析选项介词:A项across意为“穿过;横穿”,B项against意为“反对;违背”,C项along意为“沿着;顺着”,D项above意为“在……上方”。固定搭配“be against doing sth”表示“反对做某事”,符合语境,因此选B。
【答案】B
【知识点】介词辨析;固定搭配
【点评】本题为基础介词考查题,需结合对话语境理解人物态度,掌握常见介词的词义及固定搭配即可解答,难度不大。
【难度系数】0.7
【解析】首先分析语境:答语“Fixing is better than buying new.”(修东西比买新的好)体现出父亲反对浪费的态度。再辨析选项介词:A项across意为“穿过;横穿”,B项against意为“反对;违背”,C项along意为“沿着;顺着”,D项above意为“在……上方”。固定搭配“be against doing sth”表示“反对做某事”,符合语境,因此选B。
【答案】B
【知识点】介词辨析;固定搭配
【点评】本题为基础介词考查题,需结合对话语境理解人物态度,掌握常见介词的词义及固定搭配即可解答,难度不大。
【难度系数】0.7
(
A.success; successful
B.successful; success
C.successful; successful
D.successfully; successful
B
)4. — How can you be ? — Work hard. Only hard work can bring us .A.success; successful
B.successful; success
C.successful; successful
D.successfully; successful
答案
4.B
解析
【分析】本题考查英语词性的辨析及在句子中的用法。首先明确句子结构:第一句中be动词后需接形容词作表语,第二句中动词bring后需接名词作宾语。结合各选项的词性(success为名词、successful为形容词、successfully为副词),分析选项即可得出答案。
【解析】第一空位于be动词后,需用形容词作表语,A选项的success(名词)、D选项的successfully(副词)不符合要求,排除A、D;第二空位于动词bring之后,需用名词作宾语,C选项的successful(形容词)不符合要求,排除C;只有B选项的successful(形容词,作表语)和success(名词,作宾语)符合句子结构,因此选B。
【答案】B
【知识点】形容词的用法、名词的用法
【点评】本题是基础词性辨析题,考查be动词后接形容词、动词后接名词的基本语法点,属于英语基础考点,难度较低,多数学生可正确解答。
【难度系数】0.7
【解析】第一空位于be动词后,需用形容词作表语,A选项的success(名词)、D选项的successfully(副词)不符合要求,排除A、D;第二空位于动词bring之后,需用名词作宾语,C选项的successful(形容词)不符合要求,排除C;只有B选项的successful(形容词,作表语)和success(名词,作宾语)符合句子结构,因此选B。
【答案】B
【知识点】形容词的用法、名词的用法
【点评】本题是基础词性辨析题,考查be动词后接形容词、动词后接名词的基本语法点,属于英语基础考点,难度较低,多数学生可正确解答。
【难度系数】0.7
(
A.single
B.simple
C.similar
D.silent
A
) 5. Jane Austen wrote many stories of love. However, she stayed all her life.A.single
B.simple
C.similar
D.silent
答案
5.A
解析
【分析】首先理解句子逻辑:前半句说明简·奥斯汀创作了很多爱情故事,后半句用however转折,需选择符合她个人婚姻状态的形容词。接着逐一分析选项词义,结合语境判断正确答案。
【解析】句子翻译:简·奥斯汀写了很多爱情故事,然而她一生保持单身。选项分析:A. single意为“单身的”,stay single是固定表达,符合语境;B. simple意为“简单的”,不符合;C. similar意为“相似的”,不符合;D. silent意为“沉默的”,不符合。因此选A。
【答案】A
【知识点】形容词词义辨析
【点评】本题考查形容词在语境中的词义运用,结合句子转折逻辑和基础词义即可解答,属于基础题型。
【难度系数】0.7
【解析】句子翻译:简·奥斯汀写了很多爱情故事,然而她一生保持单身。选项分析:A. single意为“单身的”,stay single是固定表达,符合语境;B. simple意为“简单的”,不符合;C. similar意为“相似的”,不符合;D. silent意为“沉默的”,不符合。因此选A。
【答案】A
【知识点】形容词词义辨析
【点评】本题考查形容词在语境中的词义运用,结合句子转折逻辑和基础词义即可解答,属于基础题型。
【难度系数】0.7
(
— OK, Mum. Is it all right here?
A.faster
B.slower
C.farther
D.nearer
C
)6. — You are standing too near the TV, Charlie. Can you move a little ?— OK, Mum. Is it all right here?
A.faster
B.slower
C.farther
D.nearer
答案
6.C
解析
【分析】
先理解对话语境:妈妈指出Charlie站得离电视太近,要求他移动得更远一些。需结合各选项词义,判断符合“距离更远”含义的选项。
【解析】
根据对话中“standing too near the TV”(站得离电视太近)可知,妈妈希望Charlie移动得“更远一点”。A选项faster意为“更快”,B选项slower意为“更慢”,均与语境无关;C选项farther是far的比较级,意为“更远”,符合要求;D选项nearer意为“更近”,与语境相反。因此选C。
【答案】
C
【知识点】
形容词比较级;语境理解
【点评】
本题结合日常对话考查形容词比较级的词义辨析,难度不大,准确理解语境和各选项词义即可轻松作答。
【难度系数】
0.7
先理解对话语境:妈妈指出Charlie站得离电视太近,要求他移动得更远一些。需结合各选项词义,判断符合“距离更远”含义的选项。
【解析】
根据对话中“standing too near the TV”(站得离电视太近)可知,妈妈希望Charlie移动得“更远一点”。A选项faster意为“更快”,B选项slower意为“更慢”,均与语境无关;C选项farther是far的比较级,意为“更远”,符合要求;D选项nearer意为“更近”,与语境相反。因此选C。
【答案】
C
【知识点】
形容词比较级;语境理解
【点评】
本题结合日常对话考查形容词比较级的词义辨析,难度不大,准确理解语境和各选项词义即可轻松作答。
【难度系数】
0.7
(
A.fall down
B.fall back
C.fall over
D.fall behind
D
)7. Mary works very hard because she doesn't want to in her lessons.A.fall down
B.fall back
C.fall over
D.fall behind
答案
7.D
解析
【分析】本题考查动词短语辨析,解题时需先明确各选项短语的含义,再结合句子语境(Mary努力学习的原因是不想在功课上落后),逐一排除不符合语境的选项,选出正确答案。
【解析】选项A:fall down意为“摔倒;跌倒”;选项B:fall back意为“后退;回落”;选项C:fall over意为“绊倒;摔倒”;选项D:fall behind意为“落后”。结合语境,Mary努力学习是不想在功课上落后,因此选D。
【答案】D
【知识点】动词短语辨析
【点评】本题考查常见动词短语的含义及语境运用,需积累常见fall相关短语的意思,结合语境即可选出正确答案,属于基础题型。
【难度系数】0.7
【解析】选项A:fall down意为“摔倒;跌倒”;选项B:fall back意为“后退;回落”;选项C:fall over意为“绊倒;摔倒”;选项D:fall behind意为“落后”。结合语境,Mary努力学习是不想在功课上落后,因此选D。
【答案】D
【知识点】动词短语辨析
【点评】本题考查常见动词短语的含义及语境运用,需积累常见fall相关短语的意思,结合语境即可选出正确答案,属于基础题型。
【难度系数】0.7
三、完成句子
1. 许渊冲花了一生的时间将数不尽的文章译成其他语言。
Xu Yuanchong spent his lifetime
2. 为了不在考试中落后,凯特向老师寻求了帮助。
3. 记住,尽可能准确地读出这些单词的发音。
Remember to pronounce these words
4. 这则新闻对我来说不足为奇。
The news
5. 他精彩的演讲使他有别于其他演讲者。
1. 许渊冲花了一生的时间将数不尽的文章译成其他语言。
Xu Yuanchong spent his lifetime
translating countless texts into
other languages.2. 为了不在考试中落后,凯特向老师寻求了帮助。
In order not to fall behind
in the test, Kate asked the teacher for help.3. 记住,尽可能准确地读出这些单词的发音。
Remember to pronounce these words
as correctly as possible
.4. 这则新闻对我来说不足为奇。
The news
came as no surprise
to me.5. 他精彩的演讲使他有别于其他演讲者。
His wonderful speech set him apart
from other speakers.答案
1. translating countless texts into 2. In order not to fall behind
3. as correctly as possible 4. came as no surprise
5. His wonderful speech set him apart
3. as correctly as possible 4. came as no surprise
5. His wonderful speech set him apart
解析
【分析】
本题为完成句子题,需结合英语固定搭配、句型及词性用法解题:1. 考查spend的用法与“把……译成……”的短语;2. 考查目的状语的表达;3. 考查“尽可能……”的结构;4. 考查“某事不足为奇”的固定句型;5. 考查“使某人有别于……”的短语,需注意时态与词性匹配。
【解析】
1. 固定搭配spend time (in) doing sth,故“花时间翻译”用translating;“数不尽的文章”是countless texts,“译成”用into,组合得translating countless texts into。
2. 表目的用in order not to do sth,“落后”是fall behind,故填In order not to fall behind。
3. “尽可能……”结构为as + 副词原级 + as possible,修饰动词pronounce用副词correctly,故填as correctly as possible。
4. 固定句型sth come as no surprise(某事不足为奇),句子为过去时,故填came as no surprise。
5. “使他有别于其他演讲者”是set him apart from other speakers,主语为His wonderful speech,故填His wonderful speech set him apart。
【答案】
1. translating countless texts into 2. In order not to fall behind 3. as correctly as possible 4. came as no surprise 5. His wonderful speech set him apart
【知识点】
固定搭配、动词短语、目的状语
【点评】
本题侧重考查基础英语固定表达,涵盖常用短语、句型及副词用法,需学生熟练掌握常见英语结构,难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.5
本题为完成句子题,需结合英语固定搭配、句型及词性用法解题:1. 考查spend的用法与“把……译成……”的短语;2. 考查目的状语的表达;3. 考查“尽可能……”的结构;4. 考查“某事不足为奇”的固定句型;5. 考查“使某人有别于……”的短语,需注意时态与词性匹配。
【解析】
1. 固定搭配spend time (in) doing sth,故“花时间翻译”用translating;“数不尽的文章”是countless texts,“译成”用into,组合得translating countless texts into。
2. 表目的用in order not to do sth,“落后”是fall behind,故填In order not to fall behind。
3. “尽可能……”结构为as + 副词原级 + as possible,修饰动词pronounce用副词correctly,故填as correctly as possible。
4. 固定句型sth come as no surprise(某事不足为奇),句子为过去时,故填came as no surprise。
5. “使他有别于其他演讲者”是set him apart from other speakers,主语为His wonderful speech,故填His wonderful speech set him apart。
【答案】
1. translating countless texts into 2. In order not to fall behind 3. as correctly as possible 4. came as no surprise 5. His wonderful speech set him apart
【知识点】
固定搭配、动词短语、目的状语
【点评】
本题侧重考查基础英语固定表达,涵盖常用短语、句型及副词用法,需学生熟练掌握常见英语结构,难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.5
四、短文填空
Bi Sheng was a great scientist in ancient China. He lived during the Northern Song Dynasty. He is best known 1. his invention of movable-type printing.
Bi Sheng was a very smart 2. (invent). He made the movable-type printing all by 3. (he). Before his invention, people had to write or carve every page of a book by hand, which took a lot of time. But Bi Sheng's invention changed almost everything.
He carved Chinese characters on small pieces of clay and heated (加热) them 4. they became hard movable characters. When 5. (print) a book, people arranged (排列) the movable characters in order (顺序) and then pressed (按压) them onto paper to make a copy (复印件) of the book. This made the printing much faster and 6. (easy). After the printing, they separated (分开) the characters for reuse later.
Bi Sheng's movable type printing soon became 7. great step in the history of printing technology (技术). His invention first 8. (spread) eastward to Korea and Japan, and then westward to Persia and Egypt, and 9. (final) around the world. Because of Bi Sheng, more people in the world could read books and share knowledge (知识) more quickly and 10. (far).
Bi Sheng was a great scientist in ancient China. He lived during the Northern Song Dynasty. He is best known 1. his invention of movable-type printing.
Bi Sheng was a very smart 2. (invent). He made the movable-type printing all by 3. (he). Before his invention, people had to write or carve every page of a book by hand, which took a lot of time. But Bi Sheng's invention changed almost everything.
He carved Chinese characters on small pieces of clay and heated (加热) them 4. they became hard movable characters. When 5. (print) a book, people arranged (排列) the movable characters in order (顺序) and then pressed (按压) them onto paper to make a copy (复印件) of the book. This made the printing much faster and 6. (easy). After the printing, they separated (分开) the characters for reuse later.
Bi Sheng's movable type printing soon became 7. great step in the history of printing technology (技术). His invention first 8. (spread) eastward to Korea and Japan, and then westward to Persia and Egypt, and 9. (final) around the world. Because of Bi Sheng, more people in the world could read books and share knowledge (知识) more quickly and 10. (far).
答案
1. for 2. inventor 3. himself 4. until/till 5. printing
6. easier 7. a 8. spread 9. finally 10. farther
6. easier 7. a 8. spread 9. finally 10. farther
解析
【分析】
本题为短文填空,需结合固定搭配、词性转换、时态、比较级及语境逻辑解题:1. 考查固定搭配be known for;2. 需将动词转换为名词作表语;3. 考查固定搭配by oneself;4. 需连词体现动作的时间逻辑;5. 考查非谓语动词的主动形式;6. 需用比较级与前文faster并列;7. 考查冠词的用法;8. 需用动词过去式呼应全文过去时态;9. 需用副词修饰整个句子;10. 需用比较级与前文more quickly并列。
【解析】
1. 固定搭配be known for意为“因……而闻名”,故填for;
2. 形容词smart后需接名词,invent的名词形式为inventor(发明家),故填inventor;
3. 固定搭配by oneself意为“独自”,主语为he,反身代词用himself,故填himself;
4. 句意:加热它们直到变成硬活字,用连词until/till表“直到”,故填until/till;
5. when引导的时间状语从句省略主语和be动词,people与print为主动关系,用现在分词printing,故填printing;
6. 由并列连词and及前文faster可知,此处需用形容词比较级,easy的比较级为easier,故填easier;
7. step为可数名词单数,great以辅音音素开头,表“一个伟大的步骤”用不定冠词a,故填a;
8. 全文为过去时态,spread的过去式仍为spread,故填spread;
9. 修饰整个句子需用副词,final的副词形式为finally,故填finally;
10. 由并列连词and及前文more quickly可知,此处需用副词比较级,far的比较级为farther,故填farther。
【答案】
1. for 2. inventor 3. himself 4. until/till 5. printing 6. easier 7. a 8. spread 9. finally 10. farther
【知识点】
固定搭配、词性转换、形容词副词比较级
【点评】
本题考查英语基础词汇的运用,涵盖固定搭配、词形变化、时态等核心知识点,需学生结合语境和语法规则解题,难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6
本题为短文填空,需结合固定搭配、词性转换、时态、比较级及语境逻辑解题:1. 考查固定搭配be known for;2. 需将动词转换为名词作表语;3. 考查固定搭配by oneself;4. 需连词体现动作的时间逻辑;5. 考查非谓语动词的主动形式;6. 需用比较级与前文faster并列;7. 考查冠词的用法;8. 需用动词过去式呼应全文过去时态;9. 需用副词修饰整个句子;10. 需用比较级与前文more quickly并列。
【解析】
1. 固定搭配be known for意为“因……而闻名”,故填for;
2. 形容词smart后需接名词,invent的名词形式为inventor(发明家),故填inventor;
3. 固定搭配by oneself意为“独自”,主语为he,反身代词用himself,故填himself;
4. 句意:加热它们直到变成硬活字,用连词until/till表“直到”,故填until/till;
5. when引导的时间状语从句省略主语和be动词,people与print为主动关系,用现在分词printing,故填printing;
6. 由并列连词and及前文faster可知,此处需用形容词比较级,easy的比较级为easier,故填easier;
7. step为可数名词单数,great以辅音音素开头,表“一个伟大的步骤”用不定冠词a,故填a;
8. 全文为过去时态,spread的过去式仍为spread,故填spread;
9. 修饰整个句子需用副词,final的副词形式为finally,故填finally;
10. 由并列连词and及前文more quickly可知,此处需用副词比较级,far的比较级为farther,故填farther。
【答案】
1. for 2. inventor 3. himself 4. until/till 5. printing 6. easier 7. a 8. spread 9. finally 10. farther
【知识点】
固定搭配、词性转换、形容词副词比较级
【点评】
本题考查英语基础词汇的运用,涵盖固定搭配、词形变化、时态等核心知识点,需学生结合语境和语法规则解题,难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6
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