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五、阅读理解
Are you the kind of person who doesn't like school? Or are you more like Michael Nicholson, who can't stop learning? He has 30 degrees (学位), including 22 master's and a doctor's! If you're also crazy about studying, you might be a philomath—a person who loves to learn and study. The word comes from Greek with "phil" meaning "a lover of " and "math" meaning "learning".
Humans are all philomaths in a way—our brain (大脑) is born to be curious. We want to learn and understand, not only to know the world better but also because of something called neoteny. This word means the childlike features of some animals, including humans, that stay with them even when they become adults (成年人). One of these features is neuroplasticity (神经可塑性), which helps our brains stay flexible—this gives us the ability to learn all our lives. Many animals which are close to us in DNA, like primates (灵长类), can't do this and can only learn during their youth.
★ Lots of people remember their school days as being boring or even meaningless. Why is it? Scientists have suggested that if an idea is too difficult or boring, it becomes harder to bring old and new ideas together. If this happens, we lose interest and take in less information. This experience of education at school may lead to (导致) people giving up learning chances in later life.
So, don't let a bad educational experience stop you learning something new as an adult. We are lifelong learners by nature, so make good use of your biology and find out your natural philomath. Who knows what you could make happen?
(
A. give an example
B. make comparison (对比)
C. raise a question
D. list numbers
(
A. Work very hard.
B. Forget things quickly.
C. Be able to change easily.
D. Move slowly and carefully.
(
A. And being a philomath is easy.
B. So school education is the most important.
C. And children would try hard at school.
D. Many people love learning, but still there are some can't stand (忍受) it.
(
A. introduce what a philomath is
B. tell us the importance of learning
C. show how a philomath develops
D. encourage us to be a lifelong learner
Are you the kind of person who doesn't like school? Or are you more like Michael Nicholson, who can't stop learning? He has 30 degrees (学位), including 22 master's and a doctor's! If you're also crazy about studying, you might be a philomath—a person who loves to learn and study. The word comes from Greek with "phil" meaning "a lover of " and "math" meaning "learning".
Humans are all philomaths in a way—our brain (大脑) is born to be curious. We want to learn and understand, not only to know the world better but also because of something called neoteny. This word means the childlike features of some animals, including humans, that stay with them even when they become adults (成年人). One of these features is neuroplasticity (神经可塑性), which helps our brains stay flexible—this gives us the ability to learn all our lives. Many animals which are close to us in DNA, like primates (灵长类), can't do this and can only learn during their youth.
★ Lots of people remember their school days as being boring or even meaningless. Why is it? Scientists have suggested that if an idea is too difficult or boring, it becomes harder to bring old and new ideas together. If this happens, we lose interest and take in less information. This experience of education at school may lead to (导致) people giving up learning chances in later life.
So, don't let a bad educational experience stop you learning something new as an adult. We are lifelong learners by nature, so make good use of your biology and find out your natural philomath. Who knows what you could make happen?
(
A
) 1. Michael Nicholson is talked about in Paragraph 1 to .A. give an example
B. make comparison (对比)
C. raise a question
D. list numbers
(
C
) 2. What does the underlined phrase "stay flexible" in Paragraph 2 mean?A. Work very hard.
B. Forget things quickly.
C. Be able to change easily.
D. Move slowly and carefully.
(
D
) 3. Which of the following can be put in " ★ "?A. And being a philomath is easy.
B. So school education is the most important.
C. And children would try hard at school.
D. Many people love learning, but still there are some can't stand (忍受) it.
(
D
) 4. The writer's writing purpose (目的) is to .A. introduce what a philomath is
B. tell us the importance of learning
C. show how a philomath develops
D. encourage us to be a lifelong learner
答案
1.A 2.C 3.D 4.D
解析
【分析】
本题是一篇关于终身学习的英语阅读理解题，需结合上下文语境分析各题目。解题思路如下：1. 第1题：判断第一段提及Michael Nicholson的作用，需看其引出的核心内容；2. 第2题：猜测短语含义，要结合前文“神经可塑性”和后文“终身学习能力”的逻辑；3. 第3题：选衔接句，需看空格后内容的核心（很多人觉得学校学习无聊），找能衔接的句子；4. 第4题：判断写作目的，要关注作者最后一段的呼吁。
【解析】
1. 第1题：第一段通过Michael Nicholson拥有30个学位（含22个硕士和博士）的例子，引出“philomath（热爱学习的人）”的概念，属于举例子，故选A。
2. 第2题：前文提到“神经可塑性（neuroplasticity）”，后文说明其赋予人终身学习的能力，“stay flexible”在此指大脑能灵活改变，对应选项C“Be able to change easily”，故选C。
3. 第3题：空格后内容为“很多人觉得学校日子无聊甚至无意义”，D选项“Many people love learning, but still there are some can't stand (忍受) it.”（很多人爱学习，但仍有部分人受不了学习）能自然衔接，引出后续关于学校教育体验的讨论，故选D。
4. 第4题：作者最后一段呼吁“不要让糟糕的教育经历阻止成年后学习，我们天生是终身学习者”，核心目的是鼓励大家成为终身学习者，故选D。
【答案】
1.A 2.C 3.D 4.D
【知识点】
阅读理解推理判断、词义猜测、主旨大意
【点评】
本文围绕“终身学习”展开，题型涵盖细节理解、词义猜测、主旨大意，需结合上下文逻辑分析，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6
本题是一篇关于终身学习的英语阅读理解题，需结合上下文语境分析各题目。解题思路如下：1. 第1题：判断第一段提及Michael Nicholson的作用，需看其引出的核心内容；2. 第2题：猜测短语含义，要结合前文“神经可塑性”和后文“终身学习能力”的逻辑；3. 第3题：选衔接句，需看空格后内容的核心（很多人觉得学校学习无聊），找能衔接的句子；4. 第4题：判断写作目的，要关注作者最后一段的呼吁。
【解析】
1. 第1题：第一段通过Michael Nicholson拥有30个学位（含22个硕士和博士）的例子，引出“philomath（热爱学习的人）”的概念，属于举例子，故选A。
2. 第2题：前文提到“神经可塑性（neuroplasticity）”，后文说明其赋予人终身学习的能力，“stay flexible”在此指大脑能灵活改变，对应选项C“Be able to change easily”，故选C。
3. 第3题：空格后内容为“很多人觉得学校日子无聊甚至无意义”，D选项“Many people love learning, but still there are some can't stand (忍受) it.”（很多人爱学习，但仍有部分人受不了学习）能自然衔接，引出后续关于学校教育体验的讨论，故选D。
4. 第4题：作者最后一段呼吁“不要让糟糕的教育经历阻止成年后学习，我们天生是终身学习者”，核心目的是鼓励大家成为终身学习者，故选D。
【答案】
1.A 2.C 3.D 4.D
【知识点】
阅读理解推理判断、词义猜测、主旨大意
【点评】
本文围绕“终身学习”展开，题型涵盖细节理解、词义猜测、主旨大意，需结合上下文逻辑分析，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6
