一、选词填空。
未来太空探索会发生哪些变化？请用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空。每个单词限用一次。
require find cancel
publish launch
1. A new type of powerful rocket into space soon.
2. Some new discoveries about space next month.
3. The space mission may if there is a system failure in the rocket.
4. More money and technology for future space exploration.
5. More habitable（适合居住的）exo-planets by humans in the future.

1. A new type of powerful rocket will be launched into space soon.
2. Some new discoveries about space will be published next month.
3. The space mission may be cancelled if there is a system failure in the rocket.
4. More money and technology will be required for future space exploration.
5. More habitable（适合居住的） exoplanets will be found by humans in the future.

【分析】这道题考查动词的适当形式填空，核心是被动语态的运用。解题思路：1. 先判断每个句子的主语是动作的承受者，确定需用被动语态；2. 根据句中的时间状语（soon、next month、in the future）或情态动词（may），确定被动语态的结构（一般将来时被动：will be + 过去分词；情态动词被动：may be + 过去分词）；3. 从给定单词中选择匹配词义的词，转换为过去分词，且每个单词限用一次。
【解析】1. 主语“A new type of powerful rocket”是“发射（launch）”的承受者，时间状语“soon”表将来，故用一般将来时被动语态，填will be launched；2. 主语“Some new discoveries”是“发布（publish）”的承受者，时间状语“next month”表将来，用一般将来时被动语态，填will be published；3. 主语“The space mission”是“取消（cancel）”的承受者，情态动词“may”后接被动结构，填may be cancelled；4. 主语“More money and technology”是“需要（require）”的承受者，表将来的语境用一般将来时被动语态，填will be required；5. 主语“More habitable exoplanets”是“发现（find）”的承受者，时间状语“in the future”表将来，用一般将来时被动语态，填will be found。
【答案】1. A new type of powerful rocket will be launched into space soon.
2. Some new discoveries about space will be published next month.
3. The space mission may be cancelled if there is a system failure in the rocket.
4. More money and technology will be required for future space exploration.
5. More habitable exoplanets will be found by humans in the future.
【知识点】被动语态、动词过去分词、情态动词的被动
【点评】本题结合太空探索的语境，考查被动语态在不同时态和情态动词下的运用，需学生准确判断主语与动词的主被动关系，掌握相关结构，同时注意单词不重复使用，是基础英语语法的综合考查题。
【难度系数】0.5

二、任务型阅读。
“天宫”空间站由哪些部分组成？请阅读下面短文，完成下列任务。
Chinese people have long dreamed of exploring space. In 2022, China completed the construction(建造) of the Tiangong Space Station. The name came from ancient Chinese legends（传说）about the sky.
The most important part of the Tiangong Space Station is called Tianhe. It was sent into space on 29 April 2021. Just about a month after it arrived at its destination（目的地）, Tianhe got its first visitor—the Tianzhou-2 spacecraft. The spacecraft delivered(运输) fuel, equipment(装备), tools, and supplies for the astronauts. At this point, the space station was ready to receive human visitors. On 17 June 2021, about seven weeks after Tianhe's launch, the first three astronauts arrived at Tianhe in Shenzhou-12. They spent three months testing equipment and preparing the station for future astronauts. Since then, several more Shenzhou astronauts have visited Tiangong, and two lab modules（实验舱）（Wentian and Mengtian）have also been launched.
任务一:请根据短文内容从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
1. What was Tianhe's first visitor? ()
A. Shenzhou-12.
B. The Wentian lab module.
C. The Mengtian lab module.
D. The Tianzhou-2 spacecraft.
2. What can we know from the passage? ()
A. China has been dreaming of space exploration for a long time.
B. Tianhe was ready for astronauts as soon as it was sent into space.
C. China built the Tiangong Space Station with the help of other countries.
D. The three astronauts of Shenzhou-12 stayed in space to build a new space station.
任务二:请将文中画线句子改为被动语态。
1. The construction of the Tiangong Space Station
2. Fuel, equipment, tools, and supplies

任务一:
1. D
2. A
任务二:
1. The construction of the Tiangong Space Station was completed by China in 2022.
2. Fuel, equipment, tools, and supplies for the astronauts were delivered by the spacecraft.

【分析】
本题为任务型阅读，分为细节理解和语法转换两类任务。任务一需根据题干关键词定位原文，匹配对应信息选出答案；任务二需掌握一般过去时的被动语态结构（was/were + 过去分词），将主动句转换为被动句，明确动作执行者与承受者的转换逻辑。
【解析】
任务一：
1. 题干关键词为“Tianhe's first visitor”，定位原文第一段中“Tianhe got its first visitor—the Tianzhou-2 spacecraft”，可知答案为D。
2. 逐一验证选项：A选项对应原文第一句“Chinese people have long dreamed of exploring space”，表述正确；B选项原文提到Tianhe到达目的地约一个月后才准备好接待宇航员，并非刚发射就准备好，错误；C选项原文未提及其他国家帮助，错误；D选项神舟十二号宇航员是测试设备而非建造空间站，错误，故答案为A。
任务二：
1. 原主动句为“In 2022, China completed the construction...”，被动转换时，主语为“The construction of the Tiangong Space Station”，一般过去时被动结构为“was + 过去分词”，动作执行者用by引出，故为“was completed by China in 2022”。
2. 原主动句为“The spacecraft delivered...”，被动转换时，主语为“Fuel, equipment, tools, and supplies”，一般过去时被动结构为“were + 过去分词”，动作执行者用by引出，故为“were delivered by the spacecraft for the astronauts”。
【答案】
任务一：1. D 2. A
任务二：1. was completed by China in 2022 2. were delivered by the spacecraft for the astronauts
【知识点】
任务型阅读理解、一般过去时的被动语态
【点评】
本题考查任务型阅读的核心能力，涵盖细节信息定位和基础语法转换，难度适中，需学生准确提取原文信息并掌握被动语态的基本结构。
【难度系数】
0.6