范畴:人与自然 主题:人与植物 体裁:说明文 难度:★★★★ 建议用时:8分钟 评价:/5
People have used natural medicines for thousands of years. Do you know, for example, that aspirin(阿司匹林) originally came from the bark of the willow tree? In the 5th century BC the Greek doctor, Hippocrates, gave it to his patients to stop their aches and pains.
Another natural medicine is quinine(奎宁), which used to be an important medicine in the battle against malaria(疟疾). It comes from the bark of the cinchona tree(金鸡纳树), which grows in South America. Peruvian(秘鲁的) Indians have been using quinine for centuries to cure fevers.
In 1775, a British doctor, William Withering, was unable to treat a patient who had a serious heart problem. However, the patient made a complete recovery after taking something a local woman had given him. The woman told the doctor she'd made the medicine from purple foxgloves(毛地黄). This natural medicine is still given to people with heart problems because it makes their heart beat more slowly.
Many of the most effective natural medicines can be found in our homes and gardens. Put some lavender(薰衣草) oil on your pillow at night to help you sleep. Or cut open the leaves from an aloe(芦荟) plant and put the sap(汁) on your burns or cuts. This will help them to heal and might also stop you getting a scar. The Egyptian queen, Cleopatra, used this remarkable plant to keep her skin soft and young-looking.
Finally, we shouldn't forget the power of garlic(大蒜). It thins and cleans the blood, it's good for coughs, and it's a natural antiseptic(防腐剂). So, next time you have a cold, try a mixture of garlic, lemon and honey. It's magic!
英语嗨吧
( )1. 新考法·行文方式 How does the author begin the passage?
A. By listing numbers.
B. By showing different names of natural medicines.
C. By providing an example of using natural medicines.
D. By comparing natural medicines with different plants.
()2. What is quinine used for according to the passage?
A. Curing heart problems.
B. Healing burns and cuts.
C. Treating fevers and malaria.
D. Relieving aches and pains.
()3. What does the underlined word "recovery" in Paragraph 3 mean?
A. The process of deciding something.
B. The process of becoming well.
C. Something to cure an illness.
D. Something to become different.
()4. 新考法·组合式选择 What can garlic do in daily life according to the passage?
① Stop you getting a scar.
② Keep your skin soft and young-looking.
③ Make your blood thin and clean.
④ Treat your coughs.
⑤ Serve as a natural antiseptic.
A. ①②③
B. ②③④
C. ③④⑤
D. ②④⑤
()5. 新考法·出处推断 In which part of a magazine can you probably read the passage?
A. Technology.
B. Sports.
C. Education.
D. Nature.

[B] C C B C D
人类使用天然药物已有数千年，本文列举了阿司匹林(柳树皮)、奎宁(金鸡纳树)、毛地黄、薰衣草、芦荟、大蒜等例子，分别说明它们的来源及作用，展现天然药物的价值。
1. C 行文方式题。开篇先总述人类使用天然药物已有数千年，随后用阿司匹林的例子来说明使用天然药物的情况。
2. C 细节理解题。由第二段中 which used to be an important medicine in the battle against malaria 及 using quinine for centuries to cure fevers 可知，奎宁是对抗疟疾的重要药物，也可治疗发烧。
3. B 词义猜测题。由第三段中“This natural medicine is still given to people with heart problems because it makes their heart beat more slowly.”可知，这种药物可用于治疗心脏疾病，由此可推断，画线词所在句子句意为“然而，在服用了当地一名妇女给他的东西后，病人完全康复了。”，recovery 意为“康复”。
4. C 组合式选择题。由文章最后一段中“It thins and cleans the blood, it's good for coughs, and it's a natural antiseptic.”可知答案。
5. D 出处推断题。文章围绕“来自天然植物的药物”展开，介绍其来源与用途，属于“自然”范畴。

【分析】
首先通读全文，明确文章围绕天然植物药物展开，列举了多种天然药物的来源与用途。针对不同题型采用对应解题方法：1. 行文方式题需定位首段，分析开头引入方式；2. 细节理解题需根据题干关键词定位原文对应段落，匹配信息；3. 词义猜测题需结合上下文语境推断画线词含义；4. 组合式选择题需提取对应段落的相关信息后匹配选项；5. 出处推断题需结合文章主题判断所属板块。
【解析】
1. 行文方式题：首段先总述人类使用天然药物已有数千年，随后以阿司匹林来自柳树皮的例子说明天然药物的使用，符合选项C的描述，故选C。
2. 细节理解题：根据题干关键词“quinine”定位第二段，文中提到奎宁是对抗疟疾的重要药物，秘鲁印第安人用它治疗发烧，对应选项C，故选C。
3. 词义猜测题：第三段提到病人患严重心脏病，服用当地妇女提供的药物后完全康复，结合后文该药物用于治疗心脏问题，可知“recovery”意为“康复”，对应选项B，故选B。
4. 组合式选择题：根据题干关键词“garlic”定位最后一段，文中明确大蒜的作用为稀释清洁血液、治疗咳嗽、作为天然防腐剂，对应③④⑤，故选C。
5. 出处推断题：文章围绕来自天然植物的药物展开，介绍其来源与用途，属于自然范畴，对应选项D，故选D。
【答案】
C C B C D
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、说明文阅读、词义猜测
【点评】
本文为介绍天然植物药物的说明文，题型涵盖行文方式、细节理解、词义猜测等，考察学生信息定位与语境分析能力，需仔细阅读原文提取关键信息，整体难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6