一、根据句意及所给中文提示、首字母或英文解释，写出句中所缺单词，每空限填一词。
1. ［2024 南京模拟］— Hey, you didn't come to my birthday party last weekend.
— Oh, I was making a model （火箭）.
2. — How old is your brother?
— He's 16 years old. He is a （初级的）student at Sunshine Middle School.
3. （价值取向）The firemen worked day and night to save people in danger after the （地震）.
4. ［2025 宿迁市宿豫区期中］Cleaning school areas carefully is a tradition in Japanese schools because it can help students （形成，开发）good habits.
5. — There are many clubs this term. Which one did you join?
— I joined the （戏剧）Club. We can read interesting stories and I really enjoy acting out stories with my friends.
6. — Did you watch the football match on TV last night?
— No, because my mother was watching her favourite TV p.
7. ［2025 扬州模拟改编］— Would you please （to give）me some advice on how to improve my spoken English?
— With pleasure.
8. — Where is the gate?
— Just move （towards a place that is in front）slowly, and we'll find it.

1. rocket 2. junior 3. earthquake 4. develop
5. Drama 6. programme 7. offer 8. forward

【分析】
本题为根据提示填单词的基础题型，解题思路为：先通读句子理解语境，再结合题目给出的中文提示、首字母或英文释义确定单词含义，最后考虑单词的词性、形式（如专有名词大小写、动词形式等），确保填入后句子通顺合理。
【解析】
1. 中文提示为“火箭”，对应名词rocket，构成固定搭配model rocket（模型火箭），符合语境，故填rocket；
2. 中文提示为“初级的”，对应形容词junior，junior student意为“初中生”，符合句意，故填junior；
3. 中文提示为“地震”，对应名词earthquake，符合语境，故填earthquake；
4. 中文提示为“形成，开发”，对应动词develop，help sb (to) do sth结构中用动词原形，故填develop；
5. 中文提示为“戏剧”，此处为俱乐部名称，专有名词首字母大写，对应Drama，故填Drama；
6. 首字母为p，结合语境“妈妈在看她最喜欢的电视节目”，对应名词programme，故填programme；
7. 英文释义为to give，对应动词offer，would后接动词原形，故填offer；
8. 英文释义为towards a place that is in front，对应副词forward，move forward意为“向前走”，符合语境，故填forward。
【答案】
1. rocket 2. junior 3. earthquake 4. develop 5. Drama 6. programme 7. offer 8. forward
【知识点】
单词拼写、固定搭配、词性运用
【点评】
本题考查基础词汇的运用，涵盖不同类型提示下的单词填写能力，同时涉及专有名词大小写、固定搭配等细节，是英语学习的核心基础题型，有助于巩固核心词汇储备。
【难度系数】
0.6

二、根据句意或句子的语法要求，用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。
1. — Is your new room big?
— No, it's even (small) than my old one. But it's very clean.
2. Last winter holiday, we met some (German) in Harbin. They liked Harbin so much.
3. The (France) writer Victor Hugo wrote some famous novels.
4. (be) energetic is great and it helps us behave better.
5. — Can someone help us with this project?
— Maybe not. I think we should try to finish it by (we) first.
6. — Why are you in such a hurry?
— I need (finish) my science report before 5 p. m. today.
7. The writer wants to tell people the (important) of protecting the environment.
8. The (create) design of the new building makes it stand out in the city skyline.
9. Pay much attention to your handwriting. You need to write (careful).
10. — Huang Xuhua is a famous Chinese (science) and the chief designer of China's first-generation nuclear submarines(核潜艇).
— Yes. We're all proud of him.

1. smaller 2. Germans 3. French 4. Being
5. ourselves 6. to finish 7. importance
8. creative 9. carefully 10. scientist

【分析】
本题考查英语单词的适当形式填空，需结合句子结构、语法规则、固定搭配及语境判断单词的正确形式：
1. 由句中比较级标志词than可知，此处需用形容词比较级；
2. some后需接可数名词复数；
3. 修饰名词需用形容词；
4. 动词原形作主语需变为动名词；
5. 考查固定搭配by oneself；
6. 考查固定结构need to do sth；
7. 定冠词the后需接名词；
8. 修饰名词需用形容词；
9. 修饰动词需用副词；
10. 此处需填表示职业的名词。
【解析】
1. 句中出现than，形容词small的比较级为smaller，故填smaller；
2. some修饰可数名词复数，German（德国人）的复数形式为Germans，故填Germans；
3. 修饰名词writer需用形容词，France对应的形容词是French，故填French；
4. 动词原形be不能作主语，需用动名词Being作主语，故填Being；
5. 固定搭配by oneself表示“独自”，主语为we，对应反身代词ourselves，故填ourselves；
6. 固定结构need to do sth，故填to finish；
7. 定冠词the后接名词，important的名词形式为importance，故填importance；
8. 修饰名词design需用形容词，create的形容词形式为creative，故填creative；
9. 修饰动词write需用副词，careful的副词形式为carefully，故填carefully；
10. 此处表示职业“科学家”，science对应的职业名词为scientist，故填scientist。
【答案】
1. smaller 2. Germans 3. French 4. Being 5. ourselves 6. to finish 7. importance 8. creative 9. carefully 10. scientist
【知识点】
形容词比较级、名词的数、词形转换
【点评】
本题为初中英语基础题型，考查核心词形变化规则、固定搭配及句子成分的运用，涉及多种词性转换，是英语学习的基础内容，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.3