一、完形填空
体裁:说明文 主题:科普知识 难度:★★★★★ 建议用时:9 min 正确率: /15
“Do you get enough sleep?” If you ask a tired student who is always taking a nap(小睡) on a classroom desk, the answer is likely to be no. “I couldn’t get to sleep and experienced a 1 night again.” You may often hear such words from an adult. Not having enough sleep is a 2 problem around the world.
However, sleep is just like food and water to us. None of us can 3 if we don’t sleep at all. Sleep experts say that an adult 4 7 to 9 hours of sleep a night and that a teenager needs 8.5 to 9.5 hours. Anything less could be 5 to our health.
A study shows that sleeping for five hours a night for a week is like having a 0.1% blood-alcohol(酒精) level. Most people won’t work or take an exam when drunk, but they still do these with not enough sleep and then 6 in exams or work badly. What’s worse, doctors and nurses often work long hours. When they are sleepy, they might hurt a patient or even cause a patient’s death 7.
8 sleep is so important, many people nowadays are not getting enough. In a survey, twenty percent say that daytime sleepiness 9 their daily work. They feel it hard to pay full 10 during the day. However, they don’t seem to care. Some even 11 how energetic they can be the next day just with little sleep. It may be time to wake up and change the way we think. We should realize that not sleeping enough is a 12 problem.
Lack of sleep can bring some health problems. For example, it can make our resistance(抵抗力) 13. Then we may get sick easily. Also, not having enough sleep can 14 weight. It changes our metabolism(新陈代谢). People without enough sleep usually have larger appetites(食欲) and want to eat 15 junk food. So we must value sleep.
1. A. homeless B. sleepless C. useless D. careless
2. A. strange B. creative C. common D. private
3. A. live B. lie C. speak D. talk
4. A. receives B. expresses C. requires D. reflects
5. A. harmful B. helpful C. grateful D. meaningful
6. A. succeed B. pass C. fail D. complete
7. A. in total B. in silence C. in public D. by accident
8. A. And B. But C. Since D. Though
9. A. influences B. educates C. prevents D. avoids
10. A. manner B. attention C. chance D. pleasure
11. A. work out B. lay out C. show off D. stick to
12. A. serious B. moving C. lively D. secret
13. A. good B. wise C. weak D. dead
14. A. put up B. put away C. put back D. put on
15. A. less B. more C. better D. worse

一、【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了充足睡眠的重要性。
1. B 根据“I couldn't get to sleep”可知，此处指又失眠了。故选 B。
2. C 根据“You may often hear such words from an adult.”可知，经常能听到成年人说这样的话，再根据“Not having enough sleep is a ... problem around the world.”可知，睡眠不足已经成为一个很常见的问题了。故选 C。
3. A 根据“However, sleep is just like food and water to us.”可知，此处用食物和水打比方，来说明一个人不睡觉也不能生存。故选 A。
4. C 根据后半句“and that a teenager needs 8.5 to 9.5 hours”可知，此处介绍成年人需要的睡眠时间。故选 C。
5. A 结合句意可知，此处强调睡眠太少对身体的伤害，be harmful to“对……有害”符合句意。故选 A。
6. C 根据“Most people won't work or take an exam when drunk, but they still do these with not enough sleep”可知，前后句意是转折关系，前一句说人们醉酒时不会工作或参加考试，但睡不好觉却仍然做这些事情，结果就是考试失败或工作状态不佳，fail in exams“考试失败”。故选 C。
7. D in total 总计；in silence 在沉默中；in public 在公共场合；by accident 偶然地。根据“When they are sleepy”可知，这种情况下属于意外导致事故的发生，不是在清醒状态下发生的。故选 D。
8. D 根据“sleep is so important, many people nowadays are not getting enough”可知，前后句意是让步关系，即：虽然睡眠重要，但许多人还是睡眠不足，因此用 Though 引导让步状语从句。故选 D。
9. A 根据“daytime sleepiness ... their daily work”可知，白天嗜睡会对工作造成影响。故选 A。
10. B 根据“They feel it hard to pay full ...”可知，此处指很难集中注意力，pay full attention“集中注意力”符合句意。故选 B。
11. C 根据“However, they don't seem to care.”及“how energetic they can be the next day just with little sleep”可知，有些人不但不重视这件事，还以睡眠少精神头足来炫耀。故选 C。
12. A 根据“It may be time to wake up and change the way we think.”可知，我们需要做出改变，意识到睡眠不足是一个严重的问题。故选 A。
13. C 根据“Lack of sleep can bring some health problems.”可知，睡眠不足会带来健康问题，此处应该介绍的是睡眠不足会让我们的抵抗力变弱。故选 C。
14. D put up 支起；put away 收起；put back 放回；put on 增加。根据“People without enough sleep usually have larger appetites”可知，此处应该指体重增加。故选 D。
15. B 根据“People without enough sleep usually have larger appetites and want to eat ...”可知，此处指吃更多的垃圾食品。故选 B。