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第一节 （共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）
阅读下列短文，从短文后每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
1. When does Alice often play volleyball?
A. At weekends.
B. On Mondays.
C. After school.
D. After dinner.
2. What does Peter usually do after finishing homework?
A. He takes a walk.
B. He plays volleyball.
C. He takes some exercise.
D. He plays computer games.
3. How long does Mary sleep a day?
A. For seven hours.
B. For eight hours.
C. For nine hours.
D. For ten hours.
阅读下列短文，从短文后每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
1. When does Alice often play volleyball?
A. At weekends.
B. On Mondays.
C. After school.
D. After dinner.
2. What does Peter usually do after finishing homework?
A. He takes a walk.
B. He plays volleyball.
C. He takes some exercise.
D. He plays computer games.
3. How long does Mary sleep a day?
A. For seven hours.
B. For eight hours.
C. For nine hours.
D. For ten hours.
答案
1.A 2.D 3.C
解析
【分析】
这是一篇人物信息类阅读理解题，全部为细节理解题型，解题时不需要逐字逐句通读全文，只需要先提取每道题干的核心关键词，再定位到对应人物的介绍段落中，查找匹配的原文信息即可得出答案：第1题提取关键词Alice、play volleyball，去Alice的介绍里找运动时间；第2题提取关键词Peter、after finishing homework，去Peter的介绍里找对应行为；第3题提取关键词Mary、sleep，找到Mary的起床和睡觉时间，计算差值就能得到每日睡眠时长。
【解析】
1. 定位Alice Green的介绍内容，原文明确提到“And I often play volleyball at weekends with my friends.”，可知Alice经常在周末打排球，对应选项A。
2. 定位Peter Black的介绍内容，原文明确提到“In the evening, after I finish my homework, I usually play computer games.”，可知Peter写完作业之后通常玩电脑游戏，对应选项D。
3. 定位Mary William的介绍内容，原文提到“Every day I get up at six o'clock and go to bed at nine o'clock.”，Mary晚上9点（21点）上床睡觉，早上6点起床，计算可得睡眠时长为9小时，对应选项C。
【答案】
1.A 2.D 3.C
【知识点】
阅读理解细节定位，时间信息推算
【点评】
本题属于非常基础的信息匹配类阅读，所有题目的答案几乎都可以直接从原文找到对应原句，仅第三题需要做简单的时间推算，整体没有设置干扰性强的迷惑选项，主要考查学生快速定位文本信息的基础阅读能力。
【难度系数】
0.9
这是一篇人物信息类阅读理解题，全部为细节理解题型，解题时不需要逐字逐句通读全文，只需要先提取每道题干的核心关键词，再定位到对应人物的介绍段落中，查找匹配的原文信息即可得出答案：第1题提取关键词Alice、play volleyball，去Alice的介绍里找运动时间；第2题提取关键词Peter、after finishing homework，去Peter的介绍里找对应行为；第3题提取关键词Mary、sleep，找到Mary的起床和睡觉时间，计算差值就能得到每日睡眠时长。
【解析】
1. 定位Alice Green的介绍内容，原文明确提到“And I often play volleyball at weekends with my friends.”，可知Alice经常在周末打排球，对应选项A。
2. 定位Peter Black的介绍内容，原文明确提到“In the evening, after I finish my homework, I usually play computer games.”，可知Peter写完作业之后通常玩电脑游戏，对应选项D。
3. 定位Mary William的介绍内容，原文提到“Every day I get up at six o'clock and go to bed at nine o'clock.”，Mary晚上9点（21点）上床睡觉，早上6点起床，计算可得睡眠时长为9小时，对应选项C。
【答案】
1.A 2.D 3.C
【知识点】
阅读理解细节定位，时间信息推算
【点评】
本题属于非常基础的信息匹配类阅读，所有题目的答案几乎都可以直接从原文找到对应原句，仅第三题需要做简单的时间推算，整体没有设置干扰性强的迷惑选项，主要考查学生快速定位文本信息的基础阅读能力。
【难度系数】
0.9
B
When people think of healthy foods for eyes, they think of carrots. Yes, carrots are good for eyes. But there are also many other healthy foods for eyes. If you want to have healthy eyes, eat them.
Kale
Kale is a dark green vegetable. It looks like a cabbage. If you eat kale often, you will still have healthy eyes when you are old. And the lots of vitamin A in it can help you see well at night.
Chicken
Chicken is great for eyes. And you can cook it in many ways, such as chicken soup, Gongbao chicken, chicken noodles and chicken salad. All of them are delicious.
Fish
If you spend lots of time on the computer or often feel you have dry eyes, you can eat some fish. You don’t need to eat a lot each time. A little will be OK.
4. What is true about “kale”?
A. It’s a kind of cabbage.
B. It has much vitamin A.
C. Old people like to eat it.
D. It’s good to eat it at night.
5. The underlined word “it” refers to (指)
A. chicken
B. soup
C. salad
D. food
6. Mark’s eyes are a little dry these days. He can eat some
A. carrots
B. kale
C. chicken
D. fish
7. What is the passage talking about?
A. How to keep healthy.
B. Different kinds of food.
C. How to cook chicken.
D. Healthy foods for eyes.
When people think of healthy foods for eyes, they think of carrots. Yes, carrots are good for eyes. But there are also many other healthy foods for eyes. If you want to have healthy eyes, eat them.
Kale
Kale is a dark green vegetable. It looks like a cabbage. If you eat kale often, you will still have healthy eyes when you are old. And the lots of vitamin A in it can help you see well at night.
Chicken
Chicken is great for eyes. And you can cook it in many ways, such as chicken soup, Gongbao chicken, chicken noodles and chicken salad. All of them are delicious.
Fish
If you spend lots of time on the computer or often feel you have dry eyes, you can eat some fish. You don’t need to eat a lot each time. A little will be OK.
4. What is true about “kale”?
A. It’s a kind of cabbage.
B. It has much vitamin A.
C. Old people like to eat it.
D. It’s good to eat it at night.
5. The underlined word “it” refers to (指)
A
.A. chicken
B. soup
C. salad
D. food
6. Mark’s eyes are a little dry these days. He can eat some
D
.A. carrots
B. kale
C. chicken
D. fish
7. What is the passage talking about?
A. How to keep healthy.
B. Different kinds of food.
C. How to cook chicken.
D. Healthy foods for eyes.
答案
4.B 5.A 6.D 7.D
解析
【分析】
这是一篇介绍护眼食物的说明文阅读题，解题思路很清晰：首先先快速通读全文，明确文章核心主题，之后每一道题都带着问题回原文定位对应的段落，找到相关描述后逐一比对选项，排除错误干扰项就能选出正确答案。做细节题时要注意不要把相似描述当成完全等同的概念，指代题要往前找最近的核心名词，主旨题看开篇总起句就能快速锁定主题。
【解析】
1. 第4题：定位到介绍Kale的段落，原文提到"It looks like a cabbage"，说明它只是外形像卷心菜，并不是卷心菜的一种，A选项错误；原文明确写了"And the lots of vitamin A in it can help you see well at night"，说明它含有大量维生素A，B选项表述正确；全文没有提到老人喜欢吃羽衣甘蓝，C选项属于无中生有；原文的意思是羽衣甘蓝里的维生素A能帮助人在夜间看清东西，不是要在晚上吃羽衣甘蓝，D选项曲解原文含义，因此选B。
2. 第5题：划线词it所在句子的前一句主语是Chicken，句意为“鸡肉对眼睛很好，你可以用很多种方式烹饪它”，逻辑上烹饪的对象就是前文提到的鸡肉，因此it指代chicken，选A。
3. 第6题：定位到介绍Fish的段落，原文明确说明"If you spend lots of time on the computer or often feel you have dry eyes, you can eat some fish"，所以眼睛干涩的时候可以吃一些鱼，选D。
4. 第7题：文章开篇就点明除了胡萝卜之外，还有很多对眼睛有益的健康食物，后文分别介绍了羽衣甘蓝、鸡肉、鱼这几种护眼食物，全文围绕对眼睛有益的健康食物展开，因此选D。
【答案】
4.B 5.A 6.D 7.D
【知识点】
细节信息查找，代词指代判断，主旨大意归纳
【点评】
本题属于非常基础的初中英语说明文阅读，所有题目的正确答案都能在原文直接找到对应线索，不需要复杂推理，重点考察学生的回文定位能力，仅第4题设置了一个小陷阱，提醒学生不要把“外形相似”等同于“属于同类”，整体难度很低，适合入门级阅读训练。
【难度系数】
0.85
这是一篇介绍护眼食物的说明文阅读题，解题思路很清晰：首先先快速通读全文，明确文章核心主题，之后每一道题都带着问题回原文定位对应的段落，找到相关描述后逐一比对选项，排除错误干扰项就能选出正确答案。做细节题时要注意不要把相似描述当成完全等同的概念，指代题要往前找最近的核心名词，主旨题看开篇总起句就能快速锁定主题。
【解析】
1. 第4题：定位到介绍Kale的段落，原文提到"It looks like a cabbage"，说明它只是外形像卷心菜，并不是卷心菜的一种，A选项错误；原文明确写了"And the lots of vitamin A in it can help you see well at night"，说明它含有大量维生素A，B选项表述正确；全文没有提到老人喜欢吃羽衣甘蓝，C选项属于无中生有；原文的意思是羽衣甘蓝里的维生素A能帮助人在夜间看清东西，不是要在晚上吃羽衣甘蓝，D选项曲解原文含义，因此选B。
2. 第5题：划线词it所在句子的前一句主语是Chicken，句意为“鸡肉对眼睛很好，你可以用很多种方式烹饪它”，逻辑上烹饪的对象就是前文提到的鸡肉，因此it指代chicken，选A。
3. 第6题：定位到介绍Fish的段落，原文明确说明"If you spend lots of time on the computer or often feel you have dry eyes, you can eat some fish"，所以眼睛干涩的时候可以吃一些鱼，选D。
4. 第7题：文章开篇就点明除了胡萝卜之外，还有很多对眼睛有益的健康食物，后文分别介绍了羽衣甘蓝、鸡肉、鱼这几种护眼食物，全文围绕对眼睛有益的健康食物展开，因此选D。
【答案】
4.B 5.A 6.D 7.D
【知识点】
细节信息查找，代词指代判断，主旨大意归纳
【点评】
本题属于非常基础的初中英语说明文阅读，所有题目的正确答案都能在原文直接找到对应线索，不需要复杂推理，重点考察学生的回文定位能力，仅第4题设置了一个小陷阱，提醒学生不要把“外形相似”等同于“属于同类”，整体难度很低，适合入门级阅读训练。
【难度系数】
0.85
