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一、词汇运用
1. It is （预计）that the new medicine will come out in three months.
2. Because of the flood, he has been （分开）from his family for a week.
3. He was a pioneer of the modern （医学的）science.
4. —I heard you planned to buy a new car. —Well, in fact, I lost my job last week and I can't （负担）such an expensive car now.
5. The guide for the American exchange students must be （写）in English.
6. My cousin is often heard （sing）English songs after English class.
7. Sam was punished(惩罚) by his father for his （care）.
8. My dream is （be）a teacher when I grow up.
9. Congratulations! You have organized the charity walk （success）.
10. Let's raise money by （sell）books.
1. It is （预计）that the new medicine will come out in three months.
2. Because of the flood, he has been （分开）from his family for a week.
3. He was a pioneer of the modern （医学的）science.
4. —I heard you planned to buy a new car. —Well, in fact, I lost my job last week and I can't （负担）such an expensive car now.
5. The guide for the American exchange students must be （写）in English.
6. My cousin is often heard （sing）English songs after English class.
7. Sam was punished(惩罚) by his father for his （care）.
8. My dream is （be）a teacher when I grow up.
9. Congratulations! You have organized the charity walk （success）.
10. Let's raise money by （sell）books.
答案
1. expected 2. separated 3. medical 4. afford 5. written 6. to sing 7. carelessness 8. to be 9. successfully 10. selling
解析
【分析】本题为英语词汇运用题，需结合句子结构、时态语态、词性变化、固定搭配及非谓语动词用法，将括号内的词转换为正确形式填入空格。解题时需先分析每个句子的语法结构，确定所需词性或动词形式，再结合词汇变形规则得出答案。
【解析】1. 固定句型It is expected that...意为“据预计……”，此处用被动语态结构，故填expected。2. 短语separate from表示“与……分开”，句子为现在完成时的被动语态（have been done），故填separated。3. 需用形容词修饰名词science，“医学的”对应形容词medical，故填medical。4. 情态动词can't后接动词原形，“负担得起”为afford，故填afford。5. 句子为被动语态，结构为be+过去分词，“写”的过去分词是written，故填written。6. hear的被动语态用法为be heard to do sth（主动语态中hear sb do sth，被动需还原不定式符号to），故填to sing。7. 形容词性物主代词his后需接名词，care的名词形式为carelessness（粗心），故填carelessness。8. 不定式to be作表语，表达梦想的具体内容，故填to be。9. 需用副词修饰动词organized，success的副词形式为successfully，故填successfully。10. 介词by后接动名词作宾语，sell的动名词是selling，故填selling。
【答案】1. expected 2. separated 3. medical 4. afford 5. written 6. to sing 7. carelessness 8. to be 9. successfully 10. selling
【知识点】词汇变形、被动语态、固定搭配
【点评】本题考查初中英语基础词汇的运用，涵盖词性转换、固定句型、被动语态、非谓语动词等核心知识点，注重基础语法和词汇的灵活运用，是常见的词汇考查题型。
【难度系数】0.6
【解析】1. 固定句型It is expected that...意为“据预计……”，此处用被动语态结构，故填expected。2. 短语separate from表示“与……分开”，句子为现在完成时的被动语态（have been done），故填separated。3. 需用形容词修饰名词science，“医学的”对应形容词medical，故填medical。4. 情态动词can't后接动词原形，“负担得起”为afford，故填afford。5. 句子为被动语态，结构为be+过去分词，“写”的过去分词是written，故填written。6. hear的被动语态用法为be heard to do sth（主动语态中hear sb do sth，被动需还原不定式符号to），故填to sing。7. 形容词性物主代词his后需接名词，care的名词形式为carelessness（粗心），故填carelessness。8. 不定式to be作表语，表达梦想的具体内容，故填to be。9. 需用副词修饰动词organized，success的副词形式为successfully，故填successfully。10. 介词by后接动名词作宾语，sell的动名词是selling，故填selling。
【答案】1. expected 2. separated 3. medical 4. afford 5. written 6. to sing 7. carelessness 8. to be 9. successfully 10. selling
【知识点】词汇变形、被动语态、固定搭配
【点评】本题考查初中英语基础词汇的运用，涵盖词性转换、固定句型、被动语态、非谓语动词等核心知识点，注重基础语法和词汇的灵活运用，是常见的词汇考查题型。
【难度系数】0.6
二、完形填空
It is reported that there were only 9.02 million newborn babies in China in 2023, and the population（人口）growth rate（率）is $-1.48\%$.
China has one of the 1 populations in the world, but its birth rate has continued to go 2 in recent years. This has attracted lots of people's 3. Then what will be the influence（影响）of a 4 birth rate?
First, it will lead to an aging population. China's elderly population is growing fast as people live longer and the birth rate falls. This will 5 more problems to the government and society. The government needs to put in more money to meet the medical, old-age care and other 6 of the elderly, which will lead to more pressure（压力）. 7, the aging population will also lead to labor shortages（劳动力短缺）, which may have influence on China's economic（经济的）growth.
Second, it will make a 8 to families. In a traditional Chinese family, children are the 9 of the family. However, this idea is 10 now. More and more people prefer to have 11 children, and some even don't want to have children. This will influence the stability（稳定）of families. Finally, it will influence the development of our society, especially education and employment（就业）. 12 the population falls, schools and businesses will be short of talent. This could lead to increased competition in the 13 and job markets and influence the stability of society and China's cultural, social and economic development.
Now the government and society should take 14 to deal with this problem, such as encouraging childbirth, improving the welfare（福利）of children and the elderly, and improving education and the job market. 15 in this way can social development and stability be guaranteed（保障）.
()1. A. larger B. largest
C. most D. more
()2. A. up B. by
C. down D. off
()3. A. attention B. problems
C. trouble D. damage
()4. A. falling B. rising
C. coming D. guiding
()5. A. bring B. take
C. go D. fight
()6. A. needs B. risks
C. courses D. illnesses
()7. A. Besides B. In fact
C. However D. Instead
()8. A. decision B. difference
C. role D. survey
()9. A. happiness B. support
C. dream D. hope
()10. A. making B. thinking
C. changing D. coming
()11. A. few B. fewer
C. little D. less
()12. A. While B. So
C. Whether D. If
()13. A. education B. employment
C. welfare D. society
()14. A. action B. part
C. place D. care
()15. A. Actually B. Just
C. Only D. Finally
It is reported that there were only 9.02 million newborn babies in China in 2023, and the population（人口）growth rate（率）is $-1.48\%$.
China has one of the 1 populations in the world, but its birth rate has continued to go 2 in recent years. This has attracted lots of people's 3. Then what will be the influence（影响）of a 4 birth rate?
First, it will lead to an aging population. China's elderly population is growing fast as people live longer and the birth rate falls. This will 5 more problems to the government and society. The government needs to put in more money to meet the medical, old-age care and other 6 of the elderly, which will lead to more pressure（压力）. 7, the aging population will also lead to labor shortages（劳动力短缺）, which may have influence on China's economic（经济的）growth.
Second, it will make a 8 to families. In a traditional Chinese family, children are the 9 of the family. However, this idea is 10 now. More and more people prefer to have 11 children, and some even don't want to have children. This will influence the stability（稳定）of families. Finally, it will influence the development of our society, especially education and employment（就业）. 12 the population falls, schools and businesses will be short of talent. This could lead to increased competition in the 13 and job markets and influence the stability of society and China's cultural, social and economic development.
Now the government and society should take 14 to deal with this problem, such as encouraging childbirth, improving the welfare（福利）of children and the elderly, and improving education and the job market. 15 in this way can social development and stability be guaranteed（保障）.
()1. A. larger B. largest
C. most D. more
()2. A. up B. by
C. down D. off
()3. A. attention B. problems
C. trouble D. damage
()4. A. falling B. rising
C. coming D. guiding
()5. A. bring B. take
C. go D. fight
()6. A. needs B. risks
C. courses D. illnesses
()7. A. Besides B. In fact
C. However D. Instead
()8. A. decision B. difference
C. role D. survey
()9. A. happiness B. support
C. dream D. hope
()10. A. making B. thinking
C. changing D. coming
()11. A. few B. fewer
C. little D. less
()12. A. While B. So
C. Whether D. If
()13. A. education B. employment
C. welfare D. society
()14. A. action B. part
C. place D. care
()15. A. Actually B. Just
C. Only D. Finally
答案
1-5 BCAAA 6-10 AABDC 11-15 BDAAC
解析
【分析】
做完形填空需先通读全文，把握文章主旨（本文围绕中国人口出生率下降的现状、影响及应对措施展开）；再逐空分析，结合语境、固定搭配、词义辨析及语法知识确定选项；最后通读验证答案是否符合逻辑。
【解析】
1. 考查形容词最高级。“one of + the + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数”为固定结构，形容人口数量大应用large的最高级largest，故选B。
2. 考查动词短语。根据前文“birth rate has continued to go”及语境，出生率持续下降，go down表示“下降”，故选C。
3. 考查名词词义辨析。attract one's attention是固定搭配，意为“吸引某人的注意”，符合语境（出生率下降吸引了人们的关注），故选A。
4. 考查形容词词义辨析。前文提到出生率下降，此处问“下降的出生率的影响”，falling表示“下降的”，故选A。
5. 考查动词词义辨析。bring sth. to sb./sth.表示“给...带来某物”，此处指老龄化给政府和社会带来更多问题，故选A。
6. 考查名词词义辨析。meet the needs of...是固定搭配，意为“满足...的需求”，此处指满足老年人的医疗、养老等需求，故选A。
7. 考查副词词义辨析。前文讲老龄化的一个影响，此处补充另一个影响，Besides表示“此外”，符合逻辑，故选A。
8. 考查固定短语。make a difference to...是固定搭配，意为“对...有影响”，此处指出生率下降对家庭的影响，故选B。
9. 考查名词词义辨析。传统中国家庭中，孩子是家庭的希望，hope符合语境，故选D。
10. 考查动词词义辨析。根据后文“More and more people prefer to have fewer children...”可知，传统想法正在改变，changing表示“改变”，故选C。
11. 考查形容词比较级。children是可数名词复数，表“更少的”用fewer，故选B。
12. 考查连词词义辨析。此处引导条件状语从句，if表示“如果”，符合语境（如果人口下降，学校和企业会缺人才），故选D。
13. 考查名词词义辨析。前文提到“education and employment”，此处对应就业市场，employment表示“就业”，故选B。
14. 考查固定短语。take action to do sth.是固定搭配，意为“采取行动做某事”，符合语境（政府和社会应采取措施应对问题），故选A。
15. 考查副词词义辨析。“Only + 介词短语”置于句首时，句子需部分倒装，此处表示“只有这样才能保障社会发展和稳定”，Only符合语法和语境，故选C。
【答案】
1-5 BCAAA 6-10 AABDC 11-15 BDAAC
【知识点】
形容词最高级、固定搭配、名词词义辨析
【点评】
本文围绕中国人口出生率下降的社会话题展开，考查学生对语境逻辑、词汇辨析及固定搭配的掌握，是一篇难度适中的完形填空，需结合上下文分析每空的逻辑关系。
【难度系数】
0.6
做完形填空需先通读全文，把握文章主旨（本文围绕中国人口出生率下降的现状、影响及应对措施展开）；再逐空分析，结合语境、固定搭配、词义辨析及语法知识确定选项；最后通读验证答案是否符合逻辑。
【解析】
1. 考查形容词最高级。“one of + the + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数”为固定结构，形容人口数量大应用large的最高级largest，故选B。
2. 考查动词短语。根据前文“birth rate has continued to go”及语境，出生率持续下降，go down表示“下降”，故选C。
3. 考查名词词义辨析。attract one's attention是固定搭配，意为“吸引某人的注意”，符合语境（出生率下降吸引了人们的关注），故选A。
4. 考查形容词词义辨析。前文提到出生率下降，此处问“下降的出生率的影响”，falling表示“下降的”，故选A。
5. 考查动词词义辨析。bring sth. to sb./sth.表示“给...带来某物”，此处指老龄化给政府和社会带来更多问题，故选A。
6. 考查名词词义辨析。meet the needs of...是固定搭配，意为“满足...的需求”，此处指满足老年人的医疗、养老等需求，故选A。
7. 考查副词词义辨析。前文讲老龄化的一个影响，此处补充另一个影响，Besides表示“此外”，符合逻辑，故选A。
8. 考查固定短语。make a difference to...是固定搭配，意为“对...有影响”，此处指出生率下降对家庭的影响，故选B。
9. 考查名词词义辨析。传统中国家庭中，孩子是家庭的希望，hope符合语境，故选D。
10. 考查动词词义辨析。根据后文“More and more people prefer to have fewer children...”可知，传统想法正在改变，changing表示“改变”，故选C。
11. 考查形容词比较级。children是可数名词复数，表“更少的”用fewer，故选B。
12. 考查连词词义辨析。此处引导条件状语从句，if表示“如果”，符合语境（如果人口下降，学校和企业会缺人才），故选D。
13. 考查名词词义辨析。前文提到“education and employment”，此处对应就业市场，employment表示“就业”，故选B。
14. 考查固定短语。take action to do sth.是固定搭配，意为“采取行动做某事”，符合语境（政府和社会应采取措施应对问题），故选A。
15. 考查副词词义辨析。“Only + 介词短语”置于句首时，句子需部分倒装，此处表示“只有这样才能保障社会发展和稳定”，Only符合语法和语境，故选C。
【答案】
1-5 BCAAA 6-10 AABDC 11-15 BDAAC
【知识点】
形容词最高级、固定搭配、名词词义辨析
【点评】
本文围绕中国人口出生率下降的社会话题展开，考查学生对语境逻辑、词汇辨析及固定搭配的掌握，是一篇难度适中的完形填空，需结合上下文分析每空的逻辑关系。
【难度系数】
0.6
