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三、阅读理解
In old Xizang (西藏), about 5 percent of the population owned almost all of the land, forests, mountains and rivers. Most people there were very poor. Thanks to the leadership of the Chinese government, Xizang is catching up with other parts of the country. Over the past 70 years, the Chinese government has introduced many good ideas for Xizang including education, health and environmental protection.
In 1951, Xizang's GDP was 129 million yuan. Last year, its GDP reached 190 billion yuan. Since its peaceful liberation (解放), Xizang has set up a network of highways, railways and air ways. 118, 800 km highways have been built in Xizang. It has also made great progress in improving its environment, spending 81.4 billion yuan on the area by the end of last year. In 2020, the forest covered 12.3 percent.
By the end of 2019, all poor people in Xizang had shaken off poverty (脱贫) for the first time in history. Before 1951, more than 90 percent of Xizangan people did not have their own houses. In 2020, the living space of farmers reached 41. 46 square meters, and that of city people reached 33. 4 square meters. People's life has risen from 35. 5 years in 1951 to 71. 1 years in 2019. Education has also made great progress. In old Xizang there was not a proper school. 95 percent of the people could not go to school. From 1951 to 2020, the central government spent 224 billion yuan on children's education in Xizang. Today's Xizang has a really good development.
()1. How many people owned the land in old Xizang?
A. 95 percent of the population.
B. 5 percent of the population.
C. 70 percent of the population.
D. 30 percent of the population.
()2. Why is Xizang catching up with other parts of the country?
A. Because of the leadership of the Chinese government.
B. Because of the poor people in old Xizang.
C. Because the 5 percent of the population owned most of the land.
D. Because of the help of other countries.
()3. How much was spent on the environment in Xizang by the end of last year?
A. 81.4 billion yuan.
B. 129 million yuan.
C. 190 billion yuan.
D. 224 billion yuan.
()4. When did all poor people in Xizang shake off poverty?
A. By the end of last year.
B. From 1951 to 2020.
C. By the end of 2019.
D. In 2019.
()5. How many years longer was people's life in 2019 than in 1951?
A. 35.5 years.
B. 71.1 years.
C. 33.4 years.
D. 35.6 years.
In old Xizang (西藏), about 5 percent of the population owned almost all of the land, forests, mountains and rivers. Most people there were very poor. Thanks to the leadership of the Chinese government, Xizang is catching up with other parts of the country. Over the past 70 years, the Chinese government has introduced many good ideas for Xizang including education, health and environmental protection.
In 1951, Xizang's GDP was 129 million yuan. Last year, its GDP reached 190 billion yuan. Since its peaceful liberation (解放), Xizang has set up a network of highways, railways and air ways. 118, 800 km highways have been built in Xizang. It has also made great progress in improving its environment, spending 81.4 billion yuan on the area by the end of last year. In 2020, the forest covered 12.3 percent.
By the end of 2019, all poor people in Xizang had shaken off poverty (脱贫) for the first time in history. Before 1951, more than 90 percent of Xizangan people did not have their own houses. In 2020, the living space of farmers reached 41. 46 square meters, and that of city people reached 33. 4 square meters. People's life has risen from 35. 5 years in 1951 to 71. 1 years in 2019. Education has also made great progress. In old Xizang there was not a proper school. 95 percent of the people could not go to school. From 1951 to 2020, the central government spent 224 billion yuan on children's education in Xizang. Today's Xizang has a really good development.
()1. How many people owned the land in old Xizang?
A. 95 percent of the population.
B. 5 percent of the population.
C. 70 percent of the population.
D. 30 percent of the population.
()2. Why is Xizang catching up with other parts of the country?
A. Because of the leadership of the Chinese government.
B. Because of the poor people in old Xizang.
C. Because the 5 percent of the population owned most of the land.
D. Because of the help of other countries.
()3. How much was spent on the environment in Xizang by the end of last year?
A. 81.4 billion yuan.
B. 129 million yuan.
C. 190 billion yuan.
D. 224 billion yuan.
()4. When did all poor people in Xizang shake off poverty?
A. By the end of last year.
B. From 1951 to 2020.
C. By the end of 2019.
D. In 2019.
()5. How many years longer was people's life in 2019 than in 1951?
A. 35.5 years.
B. 71.1 years.
C. 33.4 years.
D. 35.6 years.
答案
1-5 BAACD
解析
【分析】
做此类英语阅读理解细节题时，需先明确题干关键词，再回到原文定位对应信息，将原文内容与选项逐一比对，排除错误选项，选出正确答案。各题关键词分别为：1题“old Xizang、owned the land”；2题“catching up”；3题“spent on the environment、by the end of last year”；4题“all poor people、shake off poverty”；5题“life in 2019、1951”，通过定位原文对应内容即可解题。
【解析】
1. 定位原文第一段第一句“In old Xizang (西藏), about 5 percent of the population owned almost all of the land, forests, mountains and rivers.”可知旧西藏5%的人口拥有土地，对应选项B。
2. 定位原文第一段“Thanks to the leadership of the Chinese government, Xizang is catching up with other parts of the country.”可知西藏发展得益于中国政府的领导，对应选项A。
3. 定位原文第二段“It has also made great progress in improving its environment, spending 81.4 billion yuan on the area by the end of last year.”可知截至去年底，环境投入为81.4亿元，对应选项A。
4. 定位原文第三段“By the end of 2019, all poor people in Xizang had shaken off poverty (脱贫) for the first time in history.”可知脱贫时间是2019年底，对应选项C。
5. 计算：2019年人均寿命71.1岁，1951年为35.5岁，差值为71.1-35.5=35.6岁，对应选项D。
【答案】
BAACD
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、细节信息查找
【点评】
本题为关于西藏发展的英语阅读理解题，全部为细节理解题，考查学生快速定位原文关键信息的能力，题目难度较低，只要仔细阅读原文、找准对应内容即可正确作答。
【难度系数】
0.8
做此类英语阅读理解细节题时，需先明确题干关键词，再回到原文定位对应信息，将原文内容与选项逐一比对，排除错误选项，选出正确答案。各题关键词分别为：1题“old Xizang、owned the land”；2题“catching up”；3题“spent on the environment、by the end of last year”；4题“all poor people、shake off poverty”；5题“life in 2019、1951”，通过定位原文对应内容即可解题。
【解析】
1. 定位原文第一段第一句“In old Xizang (西藏), about 5 percent of the population owned almost all of the land, forests, mountains and rivers.”可知旧西藏5%的人口拥有土地，对应选项B。
2. 定位原文第一段“Thanks to the leadership of the Chinese government, Xizang is catching up with other parts of the country.”可知西藏发展得益于中国政府的领导，对应选项A。
3. 定位原文第二段“It has also made great progress in improving its environment, spending 81.4 billion yuan on the area by the end of last year.”可知截至去年底，环境投入为81.4亿元，对应选项A。
4. 定位原文第三段“By the end of 2019, all poor people in Xizang had shaken off poverty (脱贫) for the first time in history.”可知脱贫时间是2019年底，对应选项C。
5. 计算：2019年人均寿命71.1岁，1951年为35.5岁，差值为71.1-35.5=35.6岁，对应选项D。
【答案】
BAACD
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、细节信息查找
【点评】
本题为关于西藏发展的英语阅读理解题，全部为细节理解题，考查学生快速定位原文关键信息的能力，题目难度较低，只要仔细阅读原文、找准对应内容即可正确作答。
【难度系数】
0.8
