1. include
【感知】
» It takes up an area of 345,000 square kilometres and includes many islands and white sand beaches.
它的面积约占34.5万平方千米,由众多岛屿和白色沙滩组成。
» The tour includes a visit to the museum.
这次游览包括参观博物馆。
» Five students failed the exam, including me. 五名学生考试不及格,包括我在内。
» Everyone, me included, should follow the rules. 每个人,包括我在内,都应该遵守规则。
【探究】
(1)include 动词,意为"包含;包括",后直接接宾语。
(2)including 介词,意为"包括……在内",常用于名词或代词前。
(3)included 作形容词时,意为"包括在内的",常用于名词或代词后。
【应用】
用所给单词的适当形式填空
①Lao Pan's new book (include) his forty-seven letters to his family back in America.
②Many people went to the concert, (include) his teachers and parents.
③They will give me some gifts, a book (include).

1. [应用]①includes ②including
③included

【分析】
本题考查include的不同形式（动词、介词、形容词）的用法，解题时需先判断每个句子所需的词性，再结合语法规则确定正确形式：①句缺谓语动词，②句需介词连接成分，③句名词后需形容词作后置定语。
【解析】
①句主语Lao Pan's new book是单数第三人称，时态为一般现在时，谓语动词用include的第三人称单数形式，故填includes；
②句空格后是名词短语his teachers and parents，需介词表示“包括……在内”，故填including；
③句名词a book后需形容词作后置定语，included作形容词时放在名词后表“包括在内的”，故填included。
【答案】
①includes ②including ③included
【知识点】
include的用法、including的用法、included的用法
【点评】
本题围绕include的不同词性形式展开考查，区分动词、介词、形容词的使用场景是解题关键，属于基础词汇题，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6

2. alive
【感知】
» The Great Barrier Reef is also alive!
大堡礁也是充满生机的!
» She felt alive when she was dancing.
跳舞时她感到充满活力。
【探究】
(1)alive 形容词,意为"活着;在世;有活力"。
(2)alive, living 与 lively 的用法辨析

【应用】
选词填空(alive/living/lively)
① Both animals and plants are things.
②No man will believe you!
③She was very at the dancing party.

2. [应用]①living ②alive ③lively

【分析】
要完成这道选词填空，需先明确alive、living、lively三个易混形容词的用法差异：①living意为“有生命的”，可作前置定语修饰名词；②alive意为“活着的”，常作表语或后置定语；③lively意为“活泼的、生动的”，可作定语或表语。再结合句子的语境和语法结构选择合适的词。
【解析】
①句需修饰名词things（事物），表示“有生命的”，living可作前置定语修饰名词，符合语境，故填living；
②句中man后需后置定语，alive可作后置定语修饰名词，“No man alive”意为“没有一个活着的人”，契合句意，故填alive；
③句描述人在舞会上的状态，意为“活泼的”，lively符合语境且可作表语，故填lively。
【答案】
①living ②alive ③lively
【知识点】
形容词辨析；形容词用法
【点评】
本题考查初中英语基础考点——易混形容词alive、living、lively的用法辨析，需掌握三个词的词义及定语位置差异，属于基础题型。
【难度系数】
0.7

任务情境
假设你是学校英语社团成员,社团正在举办"中国自然奇观"广告设计比赛。请选择一处中国著名自然景观(如黄山、九寨沟、桂林山水等),用英文写一篇不少于80词的旅游广告。要求包含以下内容:
1. 景观名称及地理位置;
2. 特色景点描述;
3. 推荐理由。
思路点拨
1. 人称:第三人称
2. 时态:一般现在时为主
3. 结构:

素材积累
1. 主题词块
①平方千米
②海平面以上/以下
③一点一点地;逐渐地
④位于,坐落于
⑤淡水湖
⑥吸引游客
⑦自然奇观
⑧不同种类的
2. 句型仿写
①To most people, Mount Qomolangma is one of the greatest wonders of the world.
句型:... is one of the十形容词(最高级)+名词复数+of ...
仿写:黄山是中国的自然奇观之一。

②People said it was so high that even birds could not reach it.
句型:so ... that ...
仿写:这里的云如此神奇,看起来就像一片白色的海洋。

③If you visit it, you will see the largest living structure on earth.
句型:If ..., you will ...
仿写:如果你来这儿,你会看到到处都是美丽的松树。

连句成篇

【素材积累】
1. 主题词块
①square kilometre
②above/below sea level
③bit by bit ④be located in/on/...
⑤freshwater lake ⑥attract travellers
⑦natural wonder ⑧different types of
2. 句型仿写
①Mount Huangshan is one of the natural
wonders of China.
②The clouds here are so magical that
they look like a white sea.
③If you come here, you will see beautiful
pine trees everywhere.
【连句成篇】
Discover the Amazing Mount Huangshan!
Do you love nature? Don't miss Mount
Huangshan!
Mount Huangshan is one of the natural
wonders of China. It is located in Anhui
Province. Its highest peak is 1,864 metres
above sea level. The clouds here are so magical
that they look like a white sea. The rocks
have many different shapes. Some look like
monkeys,and some look like old men. If you
come here, you will see beautiful pine trees
everywhere. The waterfalls sing songs as
they fall down. The stones there feel warm
in the sun. What a magical place!
Come and enjoy nature's masterpiece
with your family!

【分析】
本题为英语应用文写作题，要求撰写中国自然奇观的旅游广告。解题思路：1. 依据思维导图确定写作结构：开篇引出话题、主体介绍景观信息、结尾发出号召；2. 明确写作需包含的内容：景观名称及地理位置、特色景点、推荐理由；3. 运用给定的主题词块和句型，遵循一般现在时为主、第三人称的要求，组织不少于80词的内容。
【解析】
1. 素材积累：将主题词块和句型仿写补充完整，确保词汇、句型正确；2. 连句成篇：以黄山为写作对象，开篇用“Do you love nature? Don't miss Mount Huangshan!”引出话题；主体部分介绍黄山位于安徽省，用“so...that...”句型描述云的神奇，用“If you come here, you will...”句型说明能看到的松树，补充岩石、瀑布等特色；结尾发出号召，形成完整的旅游广告，符合题目所有要求。
【答案】
【素材积累】
1. 主题词块
①square kilometre ②above/below sea level ③bit by bit ④be located in/on/... ⑤freshwater lake ⑥attract travellers ⑦natural wonder ⑧different types of
2. 句型仿写
①Mount Huangshan is one of the natural wonders of China.
②The clouds here are so magical that they look like a white sea.
③If you come here, you will see beautiful pine trees everywhere.
【连句成篇】
Discover the Amazing Mount Huangshan!
Do you love nature? Don't miss Mount Huangshan!
Mount Huangshan is one of the natural wonders of China. It is located in Anhui Province. Its highest peak is 1,864 metres above sea level. The clouds here are so magical that they look like a white sea. The rocks have many different shapes. Some look like monkeys, and some look like old men. If you come here, you will see beautiful pine trees everywhere. The waterfalls sing songs as they fall down. The stones there feel warm in the sun. What a magical place!
Come and enjoy nature's masterpiece with your family!
【知识点】
英语应用文写作，英语词汇运用，英语句型运用
【点评】
本题结合思维导图结构和素材，考查学生英语应用文写作能力，既巩固基础词汇、句型，又锻炼语篇组织，贴近实际应用场景。
【难度系数】
0.6