七、从方框中选词补全短文。
head everything closer(较近) smaller(较小) each other
One day, Confucius (孔子) saw two children arguing(争辩). He walked over and asked, “What are you talking about?” The first child said, “I think the sun is to us in the morning. It looks huge, like a big round bowl. But at noon, it gets , like a little plate. So, it must be farther away at noon.” The second child shook his and said, “No, I think the sun is closer at noon. In the morning, it's not warm. But at noon, it's really hot. That means it's nearer to us.” Confucius listened carefully. He thought for a while but couldn't tell who was right. The two children just looked at and smiled. This story shows that there's always a lot to learn. Even smart people don't know .

closer；smaller；head；each other；everything

【分析】
解题时首先要通读全文，明确这是大家熟悉的“两小儿辩日”的故事，先梳理方框内所有备选词的含义：closer更近的、smaller更小的、head头、each other互相、everything所有事物。接下来逐空结合上下文逻辑和固定搭配推导：第一空结合后文“中午太阳更远”的表述，能推出第一个小孩认为早上太阳离我们更近；第二空对应后文中午太阳像小盘子的描述，可知这里要表达中午太阳看起来更小；第三空第二个小孩不认同对方观点，对应的典型动作是摇头，匹配固定搭配；第四空描述两个小孩的互动，对应“互相看着彼此”的含义；第五空契合故事“学无止境”的主旨，表达聪明人也不知道所有事的含义，一步步推导就能确定所有答案。
【解析】
1. 第一空：根据后文第一个小孩的结论“中午太阳一定离我们更远”，反向对应他的观点是早上太阳离我们更近，closer是形容词close的比较级，意为“较近的、更近的”，完全符合语境。
2. 第二空：前文提到早上太阳看起来像大圆碗，后文说中午太阳像小盘子，说明中午太阳视觉上更小，smaller是形容词small的比较级，意为“较小的、更小的”，符合语义逻辑。
3. 第三空：英语固定搭配shake one's head意为“摇头”，正好对应第二个小孩不认同对方观点的动作，因此填head。
4. 第四空：语境是两个小孩听完孔子的判断之后对视微笑，固定短语each other意为“互相、彼此”，符合两人的互动场景。
5. 第五空：本句对应故事的核心主旨，表达“哪怕是非常聪明的人，也不可能知晓所有事物”的含义，不定代词everything意为“一切、所有事物”，契合主旨。
【答案】closer；smaller；head；each other；everything
【知识点】
常用固定搭配
语境词义辨析
短文选词填空
【点评】
本题结合经典国学故事出题，没有设置多余干扰备选词，整体考察基础词汇的理解和运用能力，学生只要结合上下文逻辑、调用平时积累的常用短语就能顺利完成作答，同时还能借助故事体会学无止境的道理。
【难度系数】
0.8

八、[文化知识]阅读短文，完成下列各题。
There were three blind (失明的) men. They lived in a small village(村庄). One day, their neighbour(邻居) brought an elephant to the village. People in the village all went to see the elephant. The blind men also wanted to know what an elephant looked like. They wanted to touch the elephant.
The first man touched the 1. l. “It's thick and round,” he said. “The elephant looks like a trunk(树干).”
The second man touched the body. He laughed at the first man. “No, you're wrong,” the second man said. “It's tall and strong. The elephant looks like a wall.”
The third man came up. He touched the tail. “No, both of you are wrong,” the third man said. “It's long and thin. The elephant looks like a snake.”
2. E blind man had his own idea. They started quarrelling. Then their neighbour came over. “You're all wrong,” he said. “Each of you touches one part of the elephant. None of you knows what an elephant looks like.”
The blind men knew why they were wrong. They had to touch the whole elephant to know what it looked like.
(一)根据短文内容及首字母提示完成句子。
(二)判断正(T)误(F)。
() 1. There were three blind men living on a farm.
() 2. [归纳总结题] The blind men wanted to know what the elephant looked like and each of them touched one part of the elephant.
() 3. The blind men were clever and their neighbour was foolish.

（一）1. leg 2. Each/Every
（二）1. F 解析：由文中“They lived in a small village.”可知，他们住在一个小村庄里，而不是农场上。 2. T 3. F 解析：三位盲人没人说出大象究竟是什么样子的，却在那里争论，可见他们并不聪明，从邻居的话里可以推测邻居是聪明的。

【分析】
这道题是英语阅读类题型，分为首字母填空和正误判断两部分，解题思路如下：
1. 做首字母填空时，先通读全文了解故事是经典的盲人摸象的内容，再定位空格所在句的上下文线索：第一空后文描述该部位又厚又圆、像树干，另外两个盲人分别摸了大象的身体、尾巴，剩下的首字母为l的大象身体部位就是腿；第二空后接单数可数名词blind man，表达“每个盲人都有自己的想法”的含义，首字母为E，对应限定词Each/Every。
2. 做正误判断题时，每道题都回到原文定位对应语句，核对题干描述和原文内容是否一致：第一题核对三人的居住地点，第二题核对三人的行为，第三题核对人物的特点描述，就能得出判断结果。
【解析】
（一）根据首字母提示完成句子：
1. 后文提到该盲人认为大象像树干，触感厚且圆，其余两人分别触摸了大象的身体、尾巴，结合首字母l，可推断他摸的是大象的腿，填leg。
2. 后文描述所有盲人都有自己的观点，后接单数名词blind man，结合首字母E，表达“每个”的含义，填Each/Every。
（二）判断正(T)误(F)：
1. 原文明确提到“They lived in a small village.”，说明三个盲人住在小村庄，并非住在农场，题干描述错误。
2. 原文提到“The blind men also wanted to know what an elephant looked like”，且三人分别摸了大象的腿、身体、尾巴，每人只摸到大象的一个部分，和题干描述完全一致。
3. 三个盲人只摸到大象的局部就争吵，完全不了解大象的全貌，并不聪明，邻居点出了他们的错误，是聪明的，题干描述和原文内容相悖。
【答案】
（一）1. leg 2. Each/Every
（二）1. F 2. T 3. F
【知识点】
英语细节阅读，首字母单词拼写，寓言内容理解
【点评】
本题改编自经典寓言“盲人摸象”，整体难度较低，既考查学生在阅读中定位关键信息的能力，也考查学生结合上下文和首字母提示补全单词的词汇运用能力，同时引导学生理解看待事物要全面的寓言主旨，做题时要注意所有判断都要从原文中找到对应依据，不要凭主观印象答题。
【难度系数】
0.8