完成句子
1. 我们没有放弃,并进行了一次长途徒步旅行。(汉译英)
We didn't , and we a long hike instead.
2. 这里至少有十五个运动员。(汉译英)
There are 15 athletes.
3. Justin cut his hair to sell on eBay to raise money for charity. (对画线部分提问)
Justin cut his hair to sell on eBay?
4. We explored the countryside on bikes during the holiday. (对画线部分提问)
you explore the countryside during the holiday?
5. Nina ran a new programme to help kids go after their dreams. (对画线部分提问)
Nina run a new programme?
6. Mom asked me to take the dog for a walk. (对画线部分提问)
Mom you to ?
7. 我们所有人都喜欢这个英语老师。(汉译英)
like this English teacher.
8. Lucy loves music. I love music too. (同义句转换)
Lucy and I music.
9. Nobody would like to go hiking this weekend. (改为同义句)
us would like to go hiking this weekend.
10. Both of them were tired after running the long race. (改为否定句)
of them tired after running the long race.

1. give up; went on
2. at least
3. Why did
4. How did
5. Why did
6. What did; ask; do
7. All of us
8. both love
9. None of
10. Neither; was

【分析】本题包含汉译英、特殊疑问句转换、同义句转换、否定句转换四类初中英语基础题型，解题时需结合固定短语搭配、不同句型的构成规则逐一分析：1. 汉译英需掌握“放弃”“进行徒步旅行”等短语的过去式变形；2. 表“至少”的固定短语为at least；3. 对目的提问用Why、对方式提问用How，过去式特殊疑问句需借助助动词did；4. 对动作内容提问用What，结合过去式句型结构；5. 同义/否定转换需掌握nobody对应None of us、both的否定对应Neither等固定表达。
【解析】1. “放弃”固定短语为give up，didn't后接动词原形；“进行徒步旅行”为go on a hike，过去式用went on，故填give up; went on。2. “至少”的固定短语是at least，直接填入。3. 画线部分表目的，用疑问词Why；原句为一般过去时，特殊疑问句借助助动词did，故填Why did。4. 画线部分表方式，用疑问词How；原句为一般过去时，借助助动词did，故填How did。5. 画线部分表目的，用疑问词Why；原句为一般过去时，借助助动词did，故填Why did。6. 画线部分表动作内容，用疑问词What；原句为一般过去时，借助助动词did，谓语用原形ask；to后接动词原形do，故填What did; ask; do。7. “我们所有人”的固定表达是All of us，直接填入。8. 主语为两者，对应both；谓语用原形love，故填both love。9. Nobody的同义表达是None of us，故填None of。10. Both的否定形式是Neither；原句为一般过去时，主语单数，be动词用was，故填Neither; was。
【答案】1. give up; went on 2. at least 3. Why did 4. How did 5. Why did 6. What did; ask; do 7. All of us 8. both love 9. None of 10. Neither; was
【知识点】动词短语运用、汉译英、句型转换
【点评】本题为初中英语基础练习题，涵盖核心短语搭配、汉译英及多种句型转换，考察学生对基础英语知识的掌握与运用，利于巩固英语基础。
【难度系数】0.8

A
The first marathon of the modern Olympic Games took place in 1896. Now marathon is a popular sport across China. On April 26, more than 300,000 runners took part in 26 marathon events nationwide, reported China Daily.
Teenagers have also taken part in marathons actively. Xu Qian, a 15-year-old boy from Jiangsu, loves running. He took first place in the 5-kilometre Happy Run of the Jingdong Suqian Marathon on April 2. For Xu, the race meant months of training and preparation. He ran about 30 to 40 kilometres each week ahead of the run. “The 800-metre run at school is more about speed while a marathon tests a runner's endurance and psychological quality(心理素质),” he said. When he felt tired during the race, he told himself to fight on.
As well as one's fighting spirit, kindness from people also plays a part in helping runners get to the finish line. Li Zhouzi from Shanxi took part in a 3-kilometre Kid Run of the Berlin Marathon in Germany when she was 10. People along the way cheered for the runners. “When things were hard, they cheered me on. The simple words ‘keep it up’ meant a lot to me and I was encouraged to keep going to the end,” Li said.
1. How many runners took part in 26 marathon events?
A. About 3,000.
B. About 30,000.
C. About 300,000.
D. About 3,000,000.
2. Why did Xu Qian run 30 to 40 kilometres each week before the run?
A. Because he had nothing to do but run.
B. Because his father wanted him to do so.
C. Because he wanted to help more runners.
D. Because he trained in preparation for the race.
3. What does the underlined word “endurance” mean in Paragraph 2?
A. 想象力 B. 忍耐力
C. 创造力 D. 自控力
4. What made Li Zhouzi keep going to the end?
A. Her Olympic dream.
B. The finish line.
C. The people's encouragement.
D. Other runners' help.
5. What is the best title for the text?
A. Hope for the future
B. The history of marathon
C. Runners from China
D. The meaning of marathon
B

A篇 本文主要介绍了中国马拉松比赛的兴起以及参与者的经历。
1.C 2.D 3.B 4.C 5.D

【分析】
本题为阅读理解选择题，共5道小题，涵盖细节理解、词义猜测、主旨大意类题型。解题思路：1. 先通读全文，把握文章核心内容；2. 针对细节题，带着问题回原文定位对应句子，比对选项得出答案；3. 词义猜测题结合上下文语境推断词义；4. 主旨大意题需梳理全文脉络，提炼核心主题。
【解析】
1. 细节理解题：根据第一段“more than 300,000 runners took part in 26 marathon events nationwide”可知，参与26场马拉松赛事的选手约30万人，故选C。
2. 细节理解题：根据第二段“For Xu, the race meant months of training and preparation. He ran about 30 to 40 kilometres each week ahead of the run.”可知，徐谦每周跑30-40公里是为比赛做训练准备，故选D。
3. 词义猜测题：根据第二段“The 800-metre run at school is more about speed while a marathon tests a runner's endurance and psychological quality”可知，马拉松考验选手的耐力和心理素质，结合选项，endurance意为“忍耐力”，故选B。
4. 细节理解题：根据第三段“People along the way cheered for the runners... they cheered me on... I was encouraged to keep going to the end”可知，是沿途人们的鼓励让李周子坚持到终点，故选C。
5. 主旨大意题：全文围绕马拉松展开，讲述选手参与马拉松的经历及马拉松对参与者的意义，A、B、C均片面，D符合主旨，故选D。
【答案】
1.C 2.D 3.B 4.C 5.D
【知识点】
阅读理解（细节理解题）、词义猜测题、主旨大意题
【点评】
文章贴近生活，围绕马拉松主题展开，题目侧重考查学生快速定位原文信息、结合语境猜词及概括主旨的能力，整体难度适中，适合初中阶段学生巩固阅读技巧。
【难度系数】
0.7