四、任务型阅读(每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分)
阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后的表格里填入最恰当的单词，每个空格只填一个单词。
Ice frolicking(冰嬉)refers to all kinds of ice activities in ancient China. It started from the Song Dynasty，became popular in the Qing Dynasty，and took place mostly in the north of China during winter.
During the Qing Dynasty，ice frolicking was carried out as part of military(军事的)activity of the whole country. Soldiers put on ice shoes to train on the ice. This was a way to relax as well as help soldiers act well in the wars and get used to cold weather. After the Winter Solstice(冬至)，the emperor would have activities on the ice in Beihai Park. In addition to the ice singing and dancing performances，ice sports competitions were held. The painting *Frolic on Ice* drawn by court painters during the Qianlong period，showed the great performance of the courtiers(侍臣)on ice at that time.
Today，the traditional activity of ice frolicking is still alive and well - protected. Every winter solstice，Beihai Park holds a royal ice frolic performance. The ice frolic performers wear clothes similar to those worn by soldiers in the Qing Dynasty and perform in ice shoes. Most of the performances are based on classic ice actions that were recorded in the *Frolic on Ice* painting to reproduce the great time in the past.
Folk ice activities are also very popular. In Beijing，every winter，the ice activities are held in big and small places in the most lively time of the year. In Shichahai，Summer Palace and other places，people gather to play on the ice，no matter where they are from and how old they are. This scene has been mentioned by many literary and film works and has become an unforgettable part of winter memories for those in Beijing.

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【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了冰嬉在古代和现代的情况。
36. means/includes 37. national 38. warm 39. sang
40. happened 41. modern 42. but 43. produce/show
44. different 45. enjoy

【分析】
这是一篇介绍中国传统冰嬉文化的任务型阅读题，解题思路如下：
1. 先通读全文，明确文章核心是介绍冰嬉在古代的起源发展，以及现代的传承和民间普及情况，理清“过去-现在”的行文逻辑。
2. 对照表格的每个空缺，精准定位到原文对应的语句，先找到原文的表达，再结合表格空缺的语法要求、句式逻辑，对原文内容做同义转换或者词形变形，确保每空只填一个符合语义和语法的单词。
3. 填完后通读整个表格，检查语义是否通顺、语法是否正确，确认答案符合要求。
【解析】
36. 定位原文第一段第一句"Ice frolicking refers to all kinds of ice activities"，说明冰嬉的定义就是指代/包含各类冰上活动，主语是单数，一般现在时，可填means（意味着）或includes（包含）。
37. 定位原文第二段第一句"During the Qing Dynasty, ice frolicking was carried out as part of military activity of the whole country"，也就是冰嬉是全国性的军事训练活动，用形容词national修饰military activity，符合语义。
38. 定位原文第二段"This was a way to relax as well as help soldiers... get used to cold weather"，说明冰嬉也能让身体适应寒冷天气、给身体保暖，to后面接动词原形，warm作动词表示“使温暖”，符合要求。
39. 定位原文第二段"In addition to the ice singing and dancing performances, ice sports competitions were held"，表格中并列结构是过去式danced，held，因此把sing变形为过去式sang，符合时态一致要求。
40. 定位原文第二段"The painting Frolic on Ice... showed the great performance of the courtiers on ice at that time"，也就是这幅画展示了当时宫廷里发生的事情，what happened表示“发生的事”，时态用一般过去时，符合语境。
41. 表格这一栏对应介绍冰嬉在当下的传承情况，和前文古代的内容对应，in modern time表示“在现代”，和标题的past and now呼应，填modern。
42. 前半句“冰嬉是一项传统运动”，后半句“它仍然存续并且得到很好的保护”，前后是转折逻辑，填转折连词but。
43. 定位原文第三段"Most of the performances... to reproduce the great time in the past"，说明表演是为了重现、展现过去的乐趣，to后面接动词原形，可填show（展现）或produce（营造/带来），符合语义。
44. 定位原文最后一段"the ice activities are held in big and small places"，也就是冰上活动在大大小小不同的地点开展，填形容词different修饰places，符合语义。
45. 定位原文最后一段"people gather to play on the ice, no matter where they are from and how old they are"，说明各个年龄段的人都参与、享受民间冰上活动，主语是people，一般现在时，填动词原形enjoy。
【答案】
36. means/includes
37. national
38. warm
39. sang
40. happened
41. modern
42. but
43. produce/show
44. different
45. enjoy
【知识点】
信息定位提取，词形转换，同义替换
【点评】
本题围绕中国传统体育文化冰嬉展开，题材贴合传统文化热点，大部分空缺可以通过直接定位原文信息得出，少数空缺需要结合语义做同义转换和词性变形，既考察学生快速抓取文本关键信息的能力，也考察学生的词汇活用能力，难度梯度设置合理。
【难度系数】
0.65