3. 选择适当的方法解下列方程:
(1)$x^2 + 2x = 2$;
(2)$(x + 4)^2 = 25$;
(3)$x(x - 4) = -4$;
(4)$(2x - 1)^2 = x(3x + 2) - 7$。
(1)$x^2 + 2x = 2$;
(2)$(x + 4)^2 = 25$;
(3)$x(x - 4) = -4$;
(4)$(2x - 1)^2 = x(3x + 2) - 7$。
答案
3.(1)x₁=-1+√3,x₂=-1-√3;(2)x₁=-9,x₂=1;(3)x₁=x₂=2;(4)x₁=4,x₂=2
解析
(1)解:$x^2 + 2x + 1 = 3$,$(x + 1)^2 = 3$,$x + 1 = \pm \sqrt{3}$,$x_1 = -1 + \sqrt{3}$,$x_2 = -1 - \sqrt{3}$;
(2)解:$x + 4 = \pm 5$,$x_1 = -9$,$x_2 = 1$;
(3)解:$x^2 - 4x + 4 = 0$,$(x - 2)^2 = 0$,$x_1 = x_2 = 2$;
(4)解:$4x^2 - 4x + 1 = 3x^2 + 2x - 7$,$x^2 - 6x + 8 = 0$,$(x - 4)(x - 2) = 0$,$x_1 = 4$,$x_2 = 2$。
(2)解:$x + 4 = \pm 5$,$x_1 = -9$,$x_2 = 1$;
(3)解:$x^2 - 4x + 4 = 0$,$(x - 2)^2 = 0$,$x_1 = x_2 = 2$;
(4)解:$4x^2 - 4x + 1 = 3x^2 + 2x - 7$,$x^2 - 6x + 8 = 0$,$(x - 4)(x - 2) = 0$,$x_1 = 4$,$x_2 = 2$。
1. 解方程 $(x + 5)^2 - 3(x + 5) = 0$,较为简便的方法是(
A.直接开平方法
B.因式分解法
C.配方法
D.公式法
B
)A.直接开平方法
B.因式分解法
C.配方法
D.公式法
答案
1.B
2. 若关于 $x$ 的一元二次方程的根分别为 $-5$,$7$,则该方程可以为(
A.$(x + 5)(x - 7) = 0$
B.$(x - 5)(x + 7) = 0$
C.$(x + 5)(x + 7) = 0$
D.$(x - 5)(x - 7) = 0$
A
)A.$(x + 5)(x - 7) = 0$
B.$(x - 5)(x + 7) = 0$
C.$(x + 5)(x + 7) = 0$
D.$(x - 5)(x - 7) = 0$
答案
2.A
3. 若多项式 $x^2 + x + m$ 可以分解为 $(x + 3) \cdot (x - 2)$,则方程 $x^2 + x + m = 0$ 的根是
x₁=-3,x₂=2
。答案
3.x₁=-3,x₂=2
解析
$x_1=-3,x_2=2$
4. 解下列方程:
(1)$3x(2x - 3) - 4x + 6 = 0$;
(2)$16(x - 1)^2 = 225$;
(3)$x^2 - 4x + 4 = (3 - 2x)^2$。
(1)$3x(2x - 3) - 4x + 6 = 0$;
(2)$16(x - 1)^2 = 225$;
(3)$x^2 - 4x + 4 = (3 - 2x)^2$。
答案
4.(1)x₁=3/2,x₂=2/3;(2)x₁=-11/4,x₂=19/4;(3)x₁=1,x₂=5/3
解析
(1)解:$3x(2x - 3) - 4x + 6 = 0$
$3x(2x - 3) - 2(2x - 3) = 0$
$(2x - 3)(3x - 2) = 0$
$2x - 3 = 0$或$3x - 2 = 0$
$x_1 = \frac{3}{2}$,$x_2 = \frac{2}{3}$
(2)解:$16(x - 1)^2 = 225$
$(x - 1)^2 = \frac{225}{16}$
$x - 1 = \pm \frac{15}{4}$
$x - 1 = \frac{15}{4}$或$x - 1 = -\frac{15}{4}$
$x_1 = \frac{19}{4}$,$x_2 = -\frac{11}{4}$
(3)解:$x^2 - 4x + 4 = (3 - 2x)^2$
$(x - 2)^2 = (3 - 2x)^2$
$x - 2 = 3 - 2x$或$x - 2 = -(3 - 2x)$
$3x = 5$或$-x = -1$
$x_1 = \frac{5}{3}$,$x_2 = 1$
$3x(2x - 3) - 2(2x - 3) = 0$
$(2x - 3)(3x - 2) = 0$
$2x - 3 = 0$或$3x - 2 = 0$
$x_1 = \frac{3}{2}$,$x_2 = \frac{2}{3}$
(2)解:$16(x - 1)^2 = 225$
$(x - 1)^2 = \frac{225}{16}$
$x - 1 = \pm \frac{15}{4}$
$x - 1 = \frac{15}{4}$或$x - 1 = -\frac{15}{4}$
$x_1 = \frac{19}{4}$,$x_2 = -\frac{11}{4}$
(3)解:$x^2 - 4x + 4 = (3 - 2x)^2$
$(x - 2)^2 = (3 - 2x)^2$
$x - 2 = 3 - 2x$或$x - 2 = -(3 - 2x)$
$3x = 5$或$-x = -1$
$x_1 = \frac{5}{3}$,$x_2 = 1$
1. 用因式分解法解一元二次方程 $x(x - 1) - 2(1 - x) = 0$,正确的是(
A.$(x + 1)(x + 2) = 0$
B.$(x + 1)(x - 2) = 0$
C.$(x - 1)(x - 2) = 0$
D.$(x - 1)(x + 2) = 0$
D
)A.$(x + 1)(x + 2) = 0$
B.$(x + 1)(x - 2) = 0$
C.$(x - 1)(x - 2) = 0$
D.$(x - 1)(x + 2) = 0$
答案
1.D
解析
解:$x(x - 1) - 2(1 - x) = 0$
$x(x - 1) + 2(x - 1) = 0$
$(x - 1)(x + 2) = 0$
D
$x(x - 1) + 2(x - 1) = 0$
$(x - 1)(x + 2) = 0$
D
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