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二、小语篇专练（完形填空）
During holidays and festivals, different people have different ways to the time. Doctors and nurses may still work hard to take care of the . Shopkeepers are busy with many customers（顾客）. They shelves with holiday things. Firefighters every minute. Farmers still work hard to grow crops（庄稼）. Office workers get a and can sleep more or do something they like. No matter what job they do, everyone finds a way to celebrate festivals and holidays.
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During holidays and festivals, different people have different ways to the time. Doctors and nurses may still work hard to take care of the . Shopkeepers are busy with many customers（顾客）. They shelves with holiday things. Firefighters every minute. Farmers still work hard to grow crops（庄稼）. Office workers get a and can sleep more or do something they like. No matter what job they do, everyone finds a way to celebrate festivals and holidays.
(
B
)11. A. take B. spend C. buy D. pay(
D
)12. A. parents B. teenagers C. workers D. patients(
B
)13. A. hang B. fill C. treat D. joke(
A
)14. A. stand by B. pass by C. get through D. write down(
A
)15. A. break B. gift C. job D. decision答案
11. B 12. D 13. B 14. A 15. A
解析
【分析】首先通读全文，明确短文主旨是介绍不同职业的人在节假日的不同状态。解题时需结合语境、固定搭配及常识逐一分析每个空：11题考查“度过时间”的固定搭配；12题根据医生护士的职责判断；13题考查“用...装满...”的固定搭配；14题结合消防员的工作性质选短语；15题根据办公室职员的节假日状态选名词。
【解析】11. 考查固定搭配。spend the time为固定表达，意为“度过时间”，take通常用于it takes sb. +时间的结构，buy（买）、pay（付钱）不符合语境，故选B。12. 考查名词词义辨析。医生和护士的职责是照顾病人，patients（病人）符合；parents（父母）、teenagers（青少年）、workers（工人）不符合，故选D。13. 考查固定搭配。fill...with...是固定搭配，意为“用...装满...”，此处指店主用节日物品摆满货架，hang（悬挂）、treat（对待）、joke（开玩笑）不符合，故选B。14. 考查动词短语辨析。stand by意为“待命，随时准备行动”，符合消防员的工作性质；pass by（经过）、get through（通过）、write down（写下）不符合，故选A。15. 考查名词词义辨析。get a break是固定表达，意为“休息一下”，办公室职员在节假日能休息，break符合；gift（礼物）、job（工作）、decision（决定）不符合，故选A。
【答案】11.B 12.D 13.B 14.A 15.A
【知识点】固定搭配；名词词义辨析；动词短语辨析
【点评】本题为基础完形填空题，围绕不同职业的节假日状态展开，主要考查常见固定搭配、名词及动词短语的词义辨析，难度适中，学生结合语境和常识即可完成解答。
【难度系数】0.7
【解析】11. 考查固定搭配。spend the time为固定表达，意为“度过时间”，take通常用于it takes sb. +时间的结构，buy（买）、pay（付钱）不符合语境，故选B。12. 考查名词词义辨析。医生和护士的职责是照顾病人，patients（病人）符合；parents（父母）、teenagers（青少年）、workers（工人）不符合，故选D。13. 考查固定搭配。fill...with...是固定搭配，意为“用...装满...”，此处指店主用节日物品摆满货架，hang（悬挂）、treat（对待）、joke（开玩笑）不符合，故选B。14. 考查动词短语辨析。stand by意为“待命，随时准备行动”，符合消防员的工作性质；pass by（经过）、get through（通过）、write down（写下）不符合，故选A。15. 考查名词词义辨析。get a break是固定表达，意为“休息一下”，办公室职员在节假日能休息，break符合；gift（礼物）、job（工作）、decision（决定）不符合，故选A。
【答案】11.B 12.D 13.B 14.A 15.A
【知识点】固定搭配；名词词义辨析；动词短语辨析
【点评】本题为基础完形填空题，围绕不同职业的节假日状态展开，主要考查常见固定搭配、名词及动词短语的词义辨析，难度适中，学生结合语境和常识即可完成解答。
【难度系数】0.7
单元写作训练
写作赏析
【写作主题】本单元的话题是“节假日及其庆祝方式”，要求学生学会运用本单元所学知识及语法写一篇介绍节假日及其庆祝方式的文章。
【范文赏析】
The Lantern Festival
The Lantern Festival is one of the traditional Chinese festivals. It falls on the fifteenth day of the first lunar month. It marks the end of the Spring Festival.（介绍元宵节的时间）
People often celebrate the festival in many ways. On the night of that day, people can see lots of lanterns in the streets and parks. They can walk around and enjoy different shapes and sizes of lanterns. People also guess lantern riddles. If someone gets the right answer, he or she will get a gift. Besides, the dragon dance is a traditional folk performance. Many people perform a dragon dance to celebrate it. At the same time, eating tangyuan is a traditional custom. People usually eat it for good luck.（介绍元宵节的庆祝活动）
Maybe you know more interesting things about the festival. Why not share them with other people and spread our Chinese culture?（结束语）
☑体裁：
☑佳词佳句积累：
1. 中国的传统节日之一
2. 标志着……的结束
4. 猜灯谜
5. 传统的民间表演
6. 同时
8. 与某人分享某物
10. 它在农历第一个月的第十五天。
11. 此外，舞龙是一种传统的民间表演。
☑写作提升：使用所给短语并参考其在范文中的句子，根据中文提示，翻译句子。
1. 吃月饼是中秋节的一个传统习俗。（traditional custom）
2. 向世界传播中国文化是我们的责任。（spread Chinese culture）
写作赏析
【写作主题】本单元的话题是“节假日及其庆祝方式”，要求学生学会运用本单元所学知识及语法写一篇介绍节假日及其庆祝方式的文章。
【范文赏析】
The Lantern Festival
The Lantern Festival is one of the traditional Chinese festivals. It falls on the fifteenth day of the first lunar month. It marks the end of the Spring Festival.（介绍元宵节的时间）
People often celebrate the festival in many ways. On the night of that day, people can see lots of lanterns in the streets and parks. They can walk around and enjoy different shapes and sizes of lanterns. People also guess lantern riddles. If someone gets the right answer, he or she will get a gift. Besides, the dragon dance is a traditional folk performance. Many people perform a dragon dance to celebrate it. At the same time, eating tangyuan is a traditional custom. People usually eat it for good luck.（介绍元宵节的庆祝活动）
Maybe you know more interesting things about the festival. Why not share them with other people and spread our Chinese culture?（结束语）
☑体裁：
说明文
☑人称：第二人称、第三人称
☑时态：一般现在时
☑佳词佳句积累：
1. 中国的传统节日之一
one of the traditional Chinese festivals
2. 标志着……的结束
mark the end of ...
3. 以多种方式 in many ways
4. 猜灯谜
guess lantern riddles
5. 传统的民间表演
traditional folk performance
6. 同时
at the same time
7. 传统习俗 traditional custom
8. 与某人分享某物
share sth with sb
9. 传播中国文化 spread Chinese culture
10. 它在农历第一个月的第十五天。
It falls on the fifteenth day of the first lunar month.
11. 此外，舞龙是一种传统的民间表演。
Besides, the dragon dance is a traditional folk performance.
☑写作提升：使用所给短语并参考其在范文中的句子，根据中文提示，翻译句子。
1. 吃月饼是中秋节的一个传统习俗。（traditional custom）
Eating mooncakes is a traditional custom during the Mid-Autumn Festival.
2. 向世界传播中国文化是我们的责任。（spread Chinese culture）
It is our duty to spread Chinese culture to the world.
答案
体裁：说明文
人称：第二人称、第三人称
时态：一般现在时
佳词佳句积累：
1. one of the traditional Chinese festivals
2. mark the end of ...
3. in many ways
4. guess lantern riddles
5. traditional folk performance
6. at the same time
7. traditional custom
8. share sth with sb
9. spread Chinese culture
10. It falls on the fifteenth day of the first lunar month.
11. Besides, the dragon dance is a traditional folk performance.
写作提升：
1. Eating mooncakes is a traditional custom during the Mid-Autumn Festival.
2. It is our duty to spread Chinese culture to the world.
人称：第二人称、第三人称
时态：一般现在时
佳词佳句积累：
1. one of the traditional Chinese festivals
2. mark the end of ...
3. in many ways
4. guess lantern riddles
5. traditional folk performance
6. at the same time
7. traditional custom
8. share sth with sb
9. spread Chinese culture
10. It falls on the fifteenth day of the first lunar month.
11. Besides, the dragon dance is a traditional folk performance.
写作提升：
1. Eating mooncakes is a traditional custom during the Mid-Autumn Festival.
2. It is our duty to spread Chinese culture to the world.
解析
【分析】本题是围绕“节假日及其庆祝方式”的单元写作赏析题，需结合范文内容完成体裁、人称、时态的判断，积累相关英语短语，再运用指定短语完成汉译英练习。解题时，先明确介绍事物属性、时间、活动的文体为说明文，再梳理范文使用的人称（涉及第三人称指代大众、第二人称发出建议）、时态（介绍客观事实用一般现在时）；佳词佳句需对应中文短语的标准英文表达；翻译题要注意动名词作主语、固定句型的正确运用。
【解析】1. 体裁判断：范文围绕元宵节的属性、时间、庆祝方式展开说明，属于说明文；2. 人称判断：文中既用第三人称people指代大众，又用第二人称you发出分享建议，故为第二、第三人称；3. 时态判断：介绍节日的客观事实用一般现在时；4. 佳词佳句：直接对应中文短语的标准英文表达；5. 写作提升翻译：① 动名词短语Eating mooncakes作主语，搭配traditional custom和节日短语during the Mid-Autumn Festival；② 运用固定句型It is one's duty to do sth，补充spread Chinese culture to the world。
【答案】体裁：说明文
人称：第二人称、第三人称
时态：一般现在时
佳词佳句积累：
1. one of the traditional Chinese festivals
2. mark the end of ...
3. in many ways
4. guess lantern riddles
5. traditional folk performance
6. at the same time
7. traditional custom
8. share sth with sb
9. spread Chinese culture
10. It falls on the fifteenth day of the first lunar month.
11. Besides, the dragon dance is a traditional folk performance.
写作提升：
1. Eating mooncakes is a traditional custom during the Mid-Autumn Festival.
2. It is our duty to spread Chinese culture to the world.
【知识点】英语写作体裁判断，英语常用短语，汉译英
【点评】本题为单元写作配套的赏析练习，帮助学生巩固节假日话题的词汇、语法，掌握介绍节日的写作框架，提升英语应用与翻译能力。
【难度系数】0.4
【解析】1. 体裁判断：范文围绕元宵节的属性、时间、庆祝方式展开说明，属于说明文；2. 人称判断：文中既用第三人称people指代大众，又用第二人称you发出分享建议，故为第二、第三人称；3. 时态判断：介绍节日的客观事实用一般现在时；4. 佳词佳句：直接对应中文短语的标准英文表达；5. 写作提升翻译：① 动名词短语Eating mooncakes作主语，搭配traditional custom和节日短语during the Mid-Autumn Festival；② 运用固定句型It is one's duty to do sth，补充spread Chinese culture to the world。
【答案】体裁：说明文
人称：第二人称、第三人称
时态：一般现在时
佳词佳句积累：
1. one of the traditional Chinese festivals
2. mark the end of ...
3. in many ways
4. guess lantern riddles
5. traditional folk performance
6. at the same time
7. traditional custom
8. share sth with sb
9. spread Chinese culture
10. It falls on the fifteenth day of the first lunar month.
11. Besides, the dragon dance is a traditional folk performance.
写作提升：
1. Eating mooncakes is a traditional custom during the Mid-Autumn Festival.
2. It is our duty to spread Chinese culture to the world.
【知识点】英语写作体裁判断，英语常用短语，汉译英
【点评】本题为单元写作配套的赏析练习，帮助学生巩固节假日话题的词汇、语法，掌握介绍节日的写作框架，提升英语应用与翻译能力。
【难度系数】0.4
