一般现在时的被动语态和一般将来时的被动语态
一、用所给单词的适当形式填空
1. Chinese (speak) by more and more people from foreign countries today.
2. The Analects of Confucius《论语》 (think) to be one of the greatest
Chinese works.
3. — chopsticks (make) of bamboo?
—Yes, some of them are. But some are made of other materials like plastic.
4. This new kind of car (use) in our city to reduce pollution in the future.
5. Fishing (allow) in order to protect the ecosystem of the Hanjiang River.
6. The sports meeting (hold) this Friday because of the heavy rain. We'll
wait for the notice.
7. The rules (mention) in every chapter(章) of the book.
8. cashiers (replace) by machines in the future?
9. —Where the new library (build)?
—It will be built next to the park.
10. The work (finish) by them in ten minutes.

1. is spoken 2. is thought
3. Are; made 4. will be used
5. isn't allowed/is not allowed
6. won't be held/will not be held
7. are mentioned 8. Will; be replaced
9. will; be built 10. will be finished

【分析】
本题考查一般现在时和一般将来时的被动语态的用法，解题思路为：1. 判断句子时态：根据时间标志词（如today、future、in ten minutes等）或语境确定是一般现在时还是一般将来时；2. 判断语态：分析主语与所给动词的关系，若主语是动作的承受者，则用被动语态；3. 写出对应被动结构：一般现在时被动语态为“am/is/are + 动词过去分词”，一般将来时被动语态为“will be + 动词过去分词”，同时注意疑问句、否定句的结构及主谓一致。
【解析】
1. 时间状语为today，用一般现在时；主语Chinese是动作speak的承受者，且Chinese为不可数名词，故填is spoken。
2. 描述客观事实，用一般现在时；主语The Analects of Confucius是单数，是动作think的承受者，故填is thought。
3. 为一般疑问句，主语chopsticks是复数，被动结构；结合语境用一般现在时，故填Are; made。
4. 时间状语为in the future，用一般将来时；主语car是动作use的承受者，故填will be used。
5. 语境为“为保护生态”，表示钓鱼不被允许，用一般现在时被动语态的否定形式，主语Fishing是单数，故填isn't allowed。
6. 原因是“大雨”，表示运动会不会被举行，用一般将来时被动语态的否定形式，故填won't be held。
7. 描述规则的客观情况，用一般现在时；主语rules是复数，是动作mention的承受者，故填are mentioned。
8. 时间状语为in the future，一般疑问句用一般将来时被动结构，主语cashiers是复数，故填Will; be replaced。
9. 答句为“It will be built”，可知问句用一般将来时被动语态，故填will; be built。
10. 时间状语in ten minutes表将来，主语work是动作finish的承受者，故填will be finished。
【答案】
1. is spoken 2. is thought 3. Are; made 4. will be used 5. isn't allowed/is not allowed 6. won't be held/will not be held 7. are mentioned 8. Will; be replaced 9. will; be built 10. will be finished
【知识点】
一般现在时被动语态，一般将来时被动语态，动词过去分词
【点评】
本题聚焦两种基础被动语态的应用，需学生准确判断时态、语态及句式变化，是被动语态的核心基础题型，适合巩固语法规则。
【难度系数】
0.3

二、将下列句子改为被动语态
1. The restaurant sells food and drink to children at noon.
Food and drink by the restaurant to children at noon.
2. People require no nets for this type of fishing.
No nets by people for this type of fishing.
3. Tom will repair the car tomorrow.
The car by Tom tomorrow.
4. They will complete the high-rise building next year.
The high-rise building by them next year.
5. The school doesn't allow students to use mobile phones in class.
Students by the school to use mobile phones in class.
6. Do people grow tea in the south of China?
tea by people in the south of China?
7. They won't replace the old computers until next month.
The old computers by them until next
month.
8. Will the company give him an award for his invention?
he an award for his invention by the company?
9. The nurses take good care of the children.
The children by the nurses.

1. are sold 2. are required 3. will
be repaired 4. will be completed
5. aren't allowed 6. Is; grown
7. will not be replaced
8. Will; be given
9. are taken good care of

【分析】主动句转换为被动语态的核心是：将主动句的宾语变为被动句的主语，谓语动词需调整为“be + 动词过去分词”的结构，同时要根据原句时态确定be动词的形式，还要注意人称、数的一致，以及否定、疑问句式的转换；对于固定搭配短语，变被动时需保持短语的完整性。
【解析】1. 原句为一般现在时主动句，宾语是复数名词短语food and drink，被动句主语为该短语，be动词用are，sell的过去分词为sold，故填are sold。
2. 原句为一般现在时主动句，宾语no nets是复数，被动句be动词用are，require的过去分词为required，故填are required。
3. 原句为一般将来时主动句，被动结构为“will + be + 动词过去分词”，repair的过去分词为repaired，故填will be repaired。
4. 原句为一般将来时主动句，complete的过去分词为completed，故填will be completed。
5. 原句为一般现在时否定主动句，被动否定结构为“aren't + 动词过去分词”，allow的过去分词为allowed，故填aren't allowed。
6. 原句为一般现在时的一般疑问句，被动结构为“Is + 主语 + 动词过去分词”，grow的过去分词为grown，故填Is; grown。
7. 原句为一般将来时否定主动句，被动否定结构为“will not + be + 动词过去分词”，replace的过去分词为replaced，故填will not be replaced。
8. 原句为一般将来时的一般疑问句，被动结构为“Will + 主语 + be + 动词过去分词”，give的过去分词为given，故填Will; be given。
9. 固定短语take good care of变被动时需保持短语完整性，主语children是复数，一般现在时被动结构为“are + 动词短语过去分词”，故填are taken good care of。
【答案】1. are sold 2. are required 3. will be repaired 4. will be completed 5. aren't allowed 6. Is; grown 7. will not be replaced 8. Will; be given 9. are taken good care of
【知识点】被动语态的构成、一般现在时被动语态、一般将来时被动语态
【点评】本题考查主动语态转换为被动语态的基础语法，需掌握不同时态下被动语态的结构规则，以及否定、疑问句式的转换方法，固定短语的被动结构需注意完整性，属于语法基础题，难度适中。
【难度系数】0.5